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非谓语动词MissZeng找出各句的谓语动词并指出其具体形式1.Don'tteachfishtoswim.2.Hehadagoodmemorylikeanelephant.3.Itwouldbeawasteofmoneybuildingsuchaluxuriousvilla.1哪些是动词的谓语形式？4.Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.5.Theseshoesaremadeinthatfactory.6.Thepresidentwaswarmlywelcomedbytheresidents.1谓语动词的形式包括:①主动句各种时态下的谓语形式②被动句各种时态下的谓语形式③情态动词与动词连用的各种形式。谓语动词和非谓语动词的判断1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分例如：Therearemanypeoplestandatthegate.1.Togetupearlyisgoodforourhealth.2.Ifinishedreadingthenovel.3.Theywerefrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.4.Singinganddancing,thestudentscameintotheclassroom.5.Iseehimsinging.standing(主语)(宾语)(表语)(定语)(宾补)(状语)非谓语动词1．性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。2.非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.非谓语动词动名词v-ing分词现在分词v-ing过去分词p.p动词不定式todov.-ing非谓语动词的句法作用动词不定式现在分词过去分词动名词主语宾语表语定语状语补足语√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√口诀：不定式，本领强，六种成分都能当。动名词，不示弱，主宾表定都能作。两分词，不相让，表定状补争亮相。1.不定式的时态和语态时态主动语态被动语态一般时todotobedone进行时tobedoing完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone1:Iwishtofinishmyworkquickly.2:Hepretendedtobesleepingwhenhismothercamein.3:Heisgenerallyconsideredtohaveinventedthetelephone.4:Herefusedtobetakenabroad.一、动词不定式动词不定式Toseeistobelieve.IwanttoseeyouthiseveningAllyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补2.动词不定式的句法作用(1)作主语:不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。eg:ToknowsomethingaboutEnglishisonething；toknowEnglishisquiteanother.注：此时常用it做形式主语，将todo置于句末，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It’s+n.+todoIt’sourdutytohelpthepoor.句型2：It+谓语……+todoIttakesushalfanhourtogotoschoolbybikeeveryday.(2)．不定式作宾语：有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的动词有：want,hope,wish,begin,fail,help,offer,manage,pretend,promise,prepare,learn,expect,agree,determine,prefer,etc.句型3：Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosthItiseasyformetofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisverykindofyoutogivemesomehelp.（是形容事物的性质的）（是形容人的品质的）1.Theywantedtomakemoremoney.2.Hesaidhewishedtobeaprofessor.3.IlearnedtorideabikewhenIwastenyearsold.4.Hehadpromisedtogivemeahand.5.Idon’tknowhowtogetthere.6.Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertogoorstay.注意：不定式前可加疑问词，这一结构可作主，宾和表语。注意：IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglish.当不定式作宾语，它后面还有宾语补足语时，需用it作形式宾语代替不定式，而把不定式放在补足语之后。1.Wethought___better___startearly.2.Wethink__important__obeythelaw.3.Iknow__impossible__finishsomuchhomeworkinaday.(3)．不定式作表语1.Herworkis______(look)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis______(go)toTsinghuaUniversity.注意：不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作，特别是表示将来的动作。(4)：不定式作定语eg：Ihavesomethingtotellyou.(不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系)Ihavenochancetogothere.(不定式用来说明抽象名词的内容。例如：ability,promise,effort,etc.)Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(不定式为不及物动词时，须加介词)小试牛刀：1：I’mnotsurewhichrestaurant______.A.toeatonB.eatingatC.toeatatD.foreating2：-----“Iwanttobuyacamera.”------“Wehaveseveralmodels____”A.foryoutochoosefromB.foryourchoiceC.forthechoiceofyoursD.foryoutochooseatCA(5)不定式作状语表示目的、原因、结果等。1.Icameheretoseeyou．2.Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews．3.Hehurriedtotheschoolonlytofindnobodythere.(不定式作结果状语常表示意料之外的结果)4.Hewastoobusytohelpmeatthemoment.(目的)(原因)(结果)(结果)(6)不定式作宾语补足语(与宾语之间的关系实际上是逻辑上的主谓关系)1.Mothertoldme___comebackbefore10o’clock.2.I’llgetsomeone___repairtherecorderforyou.3.Whatcausedhim___changehismind?4.Iwishyou___comeassoonaspossible.5.Heaskedme___dotheworkwithhim.注意：某些使役动词或感官动词后面可接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。但如果句子变成被动语态时，就必须带to符号。（回忆口诀）Didyounoticeanyonegointothehouse?Wasanyonenoticedtogointothehouse?五看三使役二听一感觉半帮助lookat/see/watch/notice/observelistento/hearfeelhelp“吾看三室两厅一感觉”make/let/have练一练：1.Ididn’twantmyparents______(help)me.2.We’dpreferyou________(take)thejobinsteadofZhang.3.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom____________(clean).4.Myparentsexpectme_______(go)toanidealuniversity.5.Thedoctoradvisedus______(take)twopillseveryday.6.ProfessorBlackhadus______compositionseveryFriday.A.towriteB.writtenC.writeD.wrote7:Myteachertoldme_____socareless.A.notbeB.don’ttobeC.nottobeD.won’tbe8:Theelephantsought____hoursagobythekeepers.A.tobefedB.tofeedC.tobeingfedD.tohavebeenfedtohelptotaketobecleanedtogototakeCCD9:Pleaseletmeknowwhatyouintend_____.A:willdoB.doC.todoD.doing10:Theyhavemadetheoilandwater____fromeachother.A.toseparateB.separateC.tobeseparatedD.tohaveseparated11:Itisveryimportant____ourteachingmethods.A.toimproveB.improveC.improvedD.tobeimproved12:Ihavewarnedyoutimeandagain____thewire.A.nottouchB.nottouchingC.nottotouchD.touchnot13:Wouldyouplease____thedoorforme?A.holdingB.nottoholdC.holdD.held14:Mybrother’swishis____anengineer.A.becomesB.tobecomeC.becomeD.becomingtobeCBACBC15:To____thetruth,Iforgotallaboutmypromise.A.remarkB.speakC.talkD.tell16:Thegreatsecretofsuccessistoknow____.A.howlearnB.howlearningC.howtolearnD.tolearnhow17:Doyouthinkitdifficult____?A.formetodosoB.formytodosoC.forItodosoD.formedoingso18:Iamsorryto____thebookforsuchalongtime.A.keepB.hadkeptC.havekeptD.havingkept19:Theenemywasreportedto____byourarmy.A.havebeensurroundedB.hadbeensurroundedC.besurroundingD.havebeingsurrounded20:Thechildpretended____whathis