有机化学专业英语词汇(精)

1有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal醛缩醇acetal-乙酰acid酸-al醛alcohol醇-aldehyde醛alkali-碱allyl烯丙基[propenyl(丙烯基)]alkoxy-烷氧基-amide酰胺amino-氨基的-amidine脒-amine胺-ane烷anhydride酐anilino-苯胺基aquo-含水的-ase酶-ate含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne三炔azo-偶氮benzene苯bi-在盐类前表示酸式盐bis-双-borane硼烷bromo-溴butyl丁基-carbinol甲醇carbonyl羰基-carboxylicacid羧酸centi-10-2chloro-氯代cis-顺式condensed缩合的、冷凝的cyclo-环deca-十deci10-1-dine啶dodeca-十二-ene烯epi-表epoxy-环氧-ester酯-ether醚ethoxy-乙氧基ethyl乙基fluoro-氟代form仿-glycol二醇hemi-半hendeca-十一hepta-七heptadeca-十七hexa-六hexadeca-十六-hydrin醇hydro-氢或水hydroxyl羟基hypo-低级的，次hyper-高级的，高-ic酸的，高价金属-ide无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il偶酰-imine亚胺iodine碘iodo-碘代iso-异，等，同-ite亚酸盐keto-酮ketone酮-lactone内酯mega-106meta-间，偏methoxy-甲氧基methyl甲基2micro-10-6milli-10-3mono-(mon-)一，单nano-10-9nitro-硝基nitroso-亚硝基nona-九nonadeca-十九octa-八octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one酮ortho-邻，正，原-ous亚酸的，低价金属oxa-氧杂-oxide氧化合物-oxime肟oxo-酮oxy-氧化-oyl酰para-对位，仲penta-五pentadeca-十五per-高，过petro-石油phenol苯酚phenyl苯基pico-10-12poly-聚，多quadri-四quinque-五semi-半septi-七sesqui一个半sulfa-磺胺sym-对称syn-顺式，同，共ter-三tetra-四tetradeca-十四tetrakis-四个thio-硫代trans-反式，超，跨thio-硫代tri-三trideca-十三tris-三个undeca-十一uni-单，一unsym-不对称的，偏位-yl基-ylene撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne炔organiccompounds有机化合物compoundsofcarbon碳化合物hydrocarbonsandtheirderivatives碳氢化合物及其衍生物organicchemistry有机化学structureofmolecule分子结构chemicalbond化学键covalentbond共价键hybridorbital杂化轨道bondlength键长bondangle键角bondenergy键能polarity极性dissociationenergy离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构3constitutionalisomer构造异构structuralformula结构式octet八隅体perspective透视式eclipsedconformation重叠式构象staggeredconformation交叉式构象newmanprojection纽曼投影式functionalgroup官能团chaincompoud链状化合物carbocycliccompound碳环化合物heterocycliccompound杂环化合物dipole-dipoleinteractions偶极-偶极相互作用vanderWaalsforces范德华力hydrogenbonding氢键dipolemoment偶极矩electronegativity电负性physicalproperty物理性质meltingpoint熔点boilingpoint沸点reactionmechanism反应机理homolysis均裂freeredical自由基heterolysis异裂ionictype离子型electrophilicreagent亲电试剂electrophilicreaction亲电反应nucleophilicreagent亲核试剂nucleophilicreaction亲核反应英文名汉文名Angularmethylgroup角甲基Alkylidenegroup亚烷基Allylgroup烯丙基Allylic烯丙型[的]Phenylgroup苯基Arylgroup芳基Benzylgroup苄基Benzylic苄型[的]Activatinggroup活化基团Chromophore生色团Auxochrome助色团Magneticallyanisotropicgroup磁各向异性基团Smallyring小环Commonring普通环Mediumrimg中环Largering大环Bridged-ringsystem桥环体系Spirocompound螺环化合物Helicalmolecule螺旋型分子Octahedralcompound八面体化合物Conjugation共轭Conjugated-system共轭体系Acylcation酰[基]正离子Benzyliccation苄[基]正离子Arenirmion芳[基]正离子Ketylradical羰自由基Radicalion自由基离子Radicalcation自由基正离子Radicalanion自由基负离子Isomerism异构[现象]Aciform酸式Fluxionalstructure循变结构Stereochemistry立体化学Opticalactivity光学活性Dextroisomer右旋异构体Laevoisomer左旋异构体Tetrahedralconfiguration四面体构型Stereoisomerism立体异构[现象]Asymmetricatom不对称原子Asymmetriccarbon不对称碳Pseudoasymmetriccarbon假不对称碳Phantomatom虚拟原子Homotopic等位[的]Heterotopic异位[的]Enantiotopic对映异位[的]Diastereotopic非对映异位[的]Configuration构型Absoluteconfiguration绝对构型Chirality手性Chiral手性[的]Chiralcenter手性中心Chiralmolecule手性分子Achiral非手性[的]Fischerprojection费歇尔投影式Neomanprojection纽曼投影式4D-LsystemofnomenclatureD-L命名体系R-SsyytemofnomenclatureR-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelonsequence顺序规则Symmetryfactor对称因素Planeofsymmetry对称面Mirrorsymmetry镜面对称Enantiomer对映[异构]体Diastereomer非对映[异构]体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基[差向]异构体Erythroconfiguration赤型构型Erythroisomer赤型异构体Threoconfiguration苏型构型Threoisomer苏型异构体Trigonalcarbon三角型碳Cis-transisomerism顺反异构EisomerE异构体ZisomerZ异构体Endoisomer内型异构体Exoisomer外型异构体Prochirality前手性Pro-Rgroup前R基团Pro-Sproup前S基团RefaceRe面SifaceSi面Racemicmixture外消旋混合物Racemiccompound外消旋化合物Racemicsolidsolution外消旋固体溶液Mesocompound内消旋化合物Quasirecemate准外消旋体Conformation构象Conformational构象分析Torsionangle扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anticonformation反式构象Bisectingconformation等分构象Antiperiplanarconformation反叠构象Synperiplanarconformation顺叠构象Synclinalconformation反错构象Synclinalconformation顺错构象Eclipsedconformation重叠构象Gaucheconformation,skewcon-formation邻位交叉构象Staggeredconformation对位交叉构象Stericeffect空间效应Sterichindrance位阻Atropismer阻转异构体Puckeredring折叠环Conformationalinversion构象反转Chairconformation椅型构象Boatconformation船型构象Twistconformation扭型构象Skewboatconformation扭船型构象Half-chairconformation半椅型构象Pseudorotation假旋转Envelopeconformation信封[型]构象Axialbond直[立]键Equatorialbond平[伏]键Cisoidconformation顺向构象Transoidconformation反向构象Retentionofconfiguration构型保持Regioselectivity区域选择性Regiospecificity区域专一性Stereocelectivity立体选择性Stereospecificty立体专一性Conformer构象异构体Conformationaleffect构象效应Cram’srube克拉姆规则Prelog’rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemicalorientation立体[化学]取向Conformationaltransmission构象传递Homolog同系物Ipsoposition本位Orthoposition邻位Metaposition间位Paraposition对位5Amphiposition远位Periposition近位Trigonalhybridization三角杂化Molecularorbiralmethod分子轨道法Valencebondmethod价键法Delocalezedbond离域键Crossconjugation交叉共轭Vinylog插烯物Mesomericeffect中介效应Resonance共振Resonanceeffect共振效应Hyperconjugation超共轭Isovalenthyperconjugation等价超共轭No-bondresonance无键共振Aromaticity芳香性Aromaticsexter芳香六隅Huckel’rule休克尔规则Paramagneticringcurrent顺磁环电流Diamagneticringcruuent抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity同芳香性Antiaromaticity反芳香性Alternanthydrocarbon交替烃Non-alternanthydrocarbon非交替烷Pericyclicreaction周环反应Electrocyclicrearrangement电环[化]重排Co