同位语从句公开课课件

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——AppositiveClause(同位语从句)•nounclauses名词性从句subjectiveclause主语从句objectiveclause宾语从句predicativeclause表语从句appositiveclause同位语从句1.名词性从句的引导词that,whether,if,asifwhat,which,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever,whosewhen,where,why,how连词:连接代词:连接副词:2.如何判断从句?宾语从句:位于及物动词或介词之后表语从句:位于连系动词之后主语从句:位于句首/句末,即在谓语动词之前Thathewillsucceediscertain.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.规律一:主语从句一律用_____语序,即_____在前,______在后。陈述主语谓语规律二:主语从句做主语,主句的谓语动词多用_______。what引导的主语从句,可根据_______决定主句动词的单复数形式单数表语that在引出主语从句时没有意义,不充当句子成分,___(能/不能)省略。规律三:不能规律四:whether/if表“是否”,“if”不能放在______引导主语从句,句首只能用____________。句首whether1.Theirfriend,DannyLin,waswaitingattheairport.HewasgoingtotakethemandtheirbaggagetocatchtheTrueNorth,thecross-Canadatrain2.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometersfromcoasttocoast.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedaysthat名词引导词从句总结:同位语从句结构____________+______________+________________名词引导词从句1.Ihavenoideawhyyouaresotiredeveryday.2.Thefactthatwedon’tgetenoughsleepisabsolutelytrue.3.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutthequestionwhetherweshouldbegivenmorefreetime.4.Weallknowthetruththatnothingismoreimportantthanhealth.ideaThefactthequestionthetruth同位语从句的作用:?进一步解释、说明前面名词的具体内容。Activity1Readandfind同位语从句其前的名词通常为______名词,如:______,______,hope,wish,________,order,________,________,belief,truth,theory,decision,conclusion,promise,_________,_________,plan,_________。Summary(1):抽象factnewsopinionquestionproblemthoughtsuggestionidea连接词that引导的同位语从句that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国.只用whether引导,不用if.这个问题是否正确还未被证实.Theproblem________itistruehasn’tbeenconfirmed.连接词whether引导的同位语从句whether连接词代词what/which/who引导的同位语从句1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个.1.Thequestion_____shouldgoabroadhasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.Ihavenoidea______tochoose.whichwho在从句中充当成分连接词副词when/where/why/how引导的同位语从句1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早.2.我们还没决定好去哪儿.1.I’vegotagoodidea_____theyleftearly.2.Thequestion_______weshouldgohasnotbeendecided.whywhereSummary(2):同位语从句在复合句中用作的从句叫同位语从句,它是________从句之一。引导同位语从句的连接词有:从属连词,;连接代词,________,______,等,连接副词,,,_____等。同位语名词性thatwhetherwhichwhowhenwherewhyhowwhomwhatActivity2Choosetheproperintroductivewords1.Thequestion________shoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.2.Ihavenoidea_____thedrivermadephonecallwhendriving.3.Thefact_____twopupilswerekilledcan’tbeacceptedbytheirparents.4.Theproblem________weshouldhavethemeetinginthehallnowmustbedecidedatonce.5.Ihavesomedoubt_______heissuitableforthejob.6.Thereisnodoubt_______heissuitableforthejob.whowhythatwhetherwhenthatdoubt(怀疑)肯定形式后同位语从句用whether引导;nodoubt(不怀疑)即否定形式之后的同位语从句用that引导。注意1:1.Ihavesomedoubt______shecanpersuadeherhusbandtogiveupsmoking.1.Thereisnodoubt______wewillwinthegamewhetherthat同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开:(谓语较短,同位语从句较长)注意2:1:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.2:Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.(word:n消息)分隔式同位语从句若被同位语从句说明的名词是:advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,order等表示建议、命令、要求的词时,同位语从句的谓语用(should)+do1).Imadethesuggestionthatthemeeting____________________(bring)toanend.(should)bebrought2).Theorderthatwe____________(send)afewpeopletohelpthemwasreceivedyesterday.3).Theorderthatwe__________(receive)yesterdaywasthatwe___________(send)afewpeopletohelpthem.(should)sendreceived(should)send注意3:同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处(1)同位语从句用来进一步________前面名词的内容;定语从句用来__________前面的名词。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.(同位语从句说明“消息”的内容:______________)Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.(定语从句对“消息”加以限定:是_______________,而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)Summary(3):解释说明修饰限定我们队取得了决赛胜利你告诉我的Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.Summary(3):同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处(2)在从句中充当成分吗?在从句中充当成分吗?that同位语从句定语从句不作成分,无意义,不能省指代先行词,作成分,作宾语可省1、从连接词的功能1)Thesuggestion(that/which)shegaveisquitegood.(that指代suggestion,又在从句中充当宾语,可省略)2)Thesuggestionthatyoushouldstayintheroomisquitegood.(that不充当任何成分)2、从语气上辨别表示要求,建议,命令等词后的同位语要用(should)+do的虚拟形式,而定语从句没有这一条。3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.同位语从句定语从句3.在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子,如果合乎逻辑,句子通顺,则是同位语从句,定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.Thenewsisthatourteamhaswonthegame.Thenewsisthathetoldmeyesterday.(句子通顺,是同位语从句)(句子不通顺,是定语从句)判断下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句:Thenewsthatyou'veheardisn'ttrue.Thenewsthatwe'llgoonapicnicthisSundayisn'ttrue.定语从句同位语从句Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.()定语从句同位语从句1.Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句Activity3判断以下是什么从句1.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities;thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Ican'tstandtheterr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