Comparison of the Animal Culture between China and

哈尔滨商业大学德强商务学院毕业论文i摘要早在人类出现之前，动物就已经在地球上繁衍生息。人类在远古时代生活所需只能依靠自然的恩赐，因此，狩猎成为其谋生的最重要途径。他们竭尽所能地改进工具以追捕更多的动物。从那时起人类就与动物有了最直接和密切的关系。随着人类文明的发展，许多与动物有关的词语应运而生，动物文化也随之被人类记载。无论是在生产生活方面，还是在精神文化方面，动物与人类的生活都戚戚相关。不同的民族赋予动物不同的象征意义，即使是相同的动物，在不同的国家里意义也可能是大相径庭。例如：“龙”对于中国人是一种权力、尊严的象征。但在西方它却是邪恶与残酷的象征。本文从东西方动物文化差异入手，通过具体实例来探讨动物隐喻在东西方文化中的差异，进而论述了东西方文化的迥异，正是这种差异性才使得人类的各种文化如此丰富多彩。关键词：动物；象征意义；中国文化；西方文化；文化差异哈尔滨商业大学德强商务学院毕业论文iiAbstractBeforetheappearanceofearlyhumans,animalshadbeenbloomingandlivingonEarth.Humanbeingsinancienttimeshavetorelyonthenecessitieswhichwerebestowedbynaturetolive.Therefore,huntinghasbecomethemostimportantwaystomakealiving.Theydoeverythingpossibletoimprovethetoolstohuntformoreanimals.Sincethen,humansandanimalshavethemostdirectandcloserelationship.Withthedevelopmentofhumancivilization,alotofanimals’wordswerecreatedbymankind.Animalculturealsowouldberecordedbyhumans.Bothinproductionandlifeorinthespiritoftheculture,animalscannotbeseparatedfromhumanlife.Differentnationsgiveanimalsadifferentsymbolicmeaning.Evenifthesameanimalsindifferentcountriesmaybehavethedifferentmeaning.Forinstance,DragonfortheChinesepeopleisasymbolofpoweranddignity.However,intheWestitisasymbolofevilandcruel.Startingfromthedifferencesofanimals’culturebetweenChinaandtheWest,weapproachthemetaphorofanimalsindifferentculturefromChinaandtheWestthroughconcreteexamples,andthendiscusstheculturedifferencesofChinaandtheWesternworld.KeyWords:animal;symbolicsignificance;Chineseculture;Westernculture;culturedifference哈尔滨商业大学德强商务学院毕业论文iiiContents摘要.............................................................................................................................................iAbstract.......................................................................................................................................iiContents.....................................................................................................................................iii1Introduction.........................................................................................................................12TheSymbolofFictionalAnimals.........................................................................................22.1TheDragon....................................................................................................................22.1.1“Loong”inChina.............................................................................................22.1.2TheDragoninWest.........................................................................................32.2ThePhoenix................................................................................................................42.2.1ThePhoenixinChina.......................................................................................42.2.2ThePhoenixinWest........................................................................................53TheSymbolofRealAnimals...............................................................................................63.1TheDog......................................................................................................................63.1.1DogsinChina...................................................................................................63.1.2DogsinWest....................................................................................................73.2TheKingoftheAnimalWorld...................................................................................83.2.1TigerisKingofBeastsinChina......................................................................93.2.2LionisKingofBeastsinWest.......................................................................104DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternCultures..........................................................125Conclusion..........................................................................................................................14References................................................................................................................................16Acknowledgements..................................................................................................................17哈尔滨商业大学德强商务学院毕业论文11IntroductionThewesternculturestartedlatecomparedwiththeOrient.Althoughbetweentheirinternal,suchas,SouthernandNorthernEurope,WesternEuropeandEasternEurope,therearealsodifferences.HoweverthedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternculturesembodytheessenceofthedifference.Animalsinhumanlifeplayavarietyofrolesandalsoplayaveryimportantrolewhichgivingmorewarningandcomfortinspirituallifeofhumans.Animalshavedifferentsymbolicmeaningindifferentculturebackground.Symbolicmeaningisadirectproductofhumansociety.AsCarlJungsaid“Symbolismreferstothenumberofterms﹑namesandsymbols.Notonlycontainstextualmeaning,culturalconnotations,andevensomewedonotknowthemeaningoftheorigin......”ThisthesisfocusedonanalysisthedifferentmeaningoffictionandrealityanimalsinChinaandWesternworld..哈尔滨商业大学德强商务学院毕业论文22Th