基于CAN总线的FCS控制系统研制

工学硕士学位论文基于CAN总线的FCS控制系统研制李新宇哈尔滨工业大学2006年6月国内图书分类号：TP216+.1U.D.C.：681工学硕士学位论文基于CAN总线的FCS控制系统研制硕士研究生：李新宇导师：崔天祥副教授申请学位级别：工学硕士学科、专业：仪器科学与技术所在单位：自动化测试与控制系答辩日期：2006年6月授予学位单位：哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex：TP216+.1U.D.C.：681DissertationfortheDegreeofMasterinEngineeringDEVELOPMENTOFFCSCONTROLSYSTEMBASEDONCANBUSCandidate：LiXinyuSupervisor：ViceProf.CuiTianxiangAcademicDegreeAppliedfor：MasterofEngineeringSpeciality：InstrumentationScienceandTechnologyDateofOralExamination：June,2006University：HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文-I-摘要现场总线是连接现场设备和自动化系统的数字式、双向传输、多分支结构的通信网络。它是计算机技术、通信技术和控制技术高度综合与集成的产物，是一种开放式和分布式的新模式总线。现场总线是当今自动化领域技术发展的热点之一。本文综述现场总线产生的原因、概念、体系结构、特点和发展现状，分析目前常见的几种现场总线的优缺点，根据目前市场需求，提出基于CAN总线的FCS系统设计方案。该系统由上位机和现场总线模块构成，上位机可由传统的PC机实现或由本文开发具有记录，键盘输入及显示功能的专用模块实现。本文研制基于CANBUS的FCS系统，有记录报警和管理功能的记录模块，模拟量输入模块、模拟量输出模块、开关量输出模块、语音报警模块等，对其它模块也做出规划。各模块设计基于ARM7芯片开发，扩展功能接口。制定CAN总线通讯协议，开发其驱动程序。模块开发以LPC2119为核心，LPC2119是ARM7内核的嵌入式MCU，带有128/256KB嵌入高速Flash存储器，16KB片内静态RAM，非常小的64脚封装，4路10位A/D转换器，还有2个CAN接口，非常适合工业应用。系统工作应用构建：各个模块安装到现场后，通过上位机PC或记录模块对各个节点进行组态。组态完毕后，系统脱离上位机运行。记录模块定时管理下位各模块，接收并记录总线上传来的报警信息，根据组态参数，输出控制信息到控制模块，控制相应执行机构，同时能够通过键盘设置总线节点参数并显示。系统经初步测试，基本达到设计指标和要求。本文还对现场总线协议模型作了简单介绍，现场总线模型由物理层、数据链路层、应用层和用户层组成。关键词：现场总线；CAN总线；ARM；LPC2119；FCS哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文-II-AbstractFieldbusisadigital,bi-directional,poly-branchedcommunicationnetworkconnectingfielddevicesinautomationcontrolsystem.Ithighlyintegratesofcomputingtechnology,communicationtechnologyandcontroltechnology.Itisonekindofopenanddistributedfieldbus.Fieldbusisafrontierofdevelopingautomationtechnology.Inthedissertationthebeginning,concept,systemstructure,featuresandhistoryoffieldbusaresummarized;theadvantageanddisadvantageofseveralcommonfieldbusesareanalyzed;andaprototypeofFCSbasedonCANbusisproposed.TheFCSsystemconsistsofoneupperPCandseveralfieldbusmodules.TheupperPCcanberealizedwithatraditionalPCorthespecialrecordmoduledesignedinthedissertation,whichcanrecord,inputanddisplay.TheFCSsystemconsistsofarecordmodulewhichrecordsalarmsdataandmanagesbuscommunicationaffairs,analogueinputmodules,analogueoutputmodules,digitaloutputmodules,andavoicealarmmodule.Withothermodulesalsoscheduled,eachisdevelopedwithembeddedMCULPC2119ofwhichthefunctioninterfacesareextended.TheCANbuscommunicationprotocoliscomposed,withthenetcarddriverprogrammed.BasedonLPC2119arethemodulesdeveloped.LPC2119isanembeddedMCUwithARM7core,128KBembeddedhighspeedflashmemory,16KBon-chipstaticRAM,verytinypackagewith64pins,4-channel10-bitA/Dconverters,and2CANinterfaces,veryfitforindustrialapplications.Theworkingplanofthesystem:Aftereachmoduleisinstalledinthefield,theyareconfiguredwithanupperPCortherecordmodule.Whentheconfigurationiscomplete,systemrunsindependently.Therecordmodulemanageslowermodulesperiodically,receivesandrecordsalarmmessagessentthroughthebus,outputscontrolcommandstocontrolmodulesaccordingtoconfigurationparameters,controlsrelatedexecutivemodules.Theparametersofthebusnodescanbesetupanddisplayedthroughtherecordmodule.ThetestoftheFCSshowsthatthedesignplaniscorrectandrealizesthedesignrequirements.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文-III-Furthermore,thediscussedfieldbusprotocolmodelincludesphysicallayer,datalinklayer,applicationlayeranduserlayer.Keywords：Fieldbus；CANbus；ARM；LPC2119；FCS哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文-IV-目录摘要.......................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................II第1章绪论.........................................................................................................11.1课题来源及研究目的和意义.....................................................................11.2国内研究应用现状....................................................................................11.3几种典型现场总线比较.............................................................................21.3.1CAN总线.............................................................................................21.3.2PROFIBUS...........................................................................................21.3.3FF总线.................................................................................................31.4现场总线协议模型....................................................................................31.5现场总线控制系统体系结构特点.............................................................51.5.1现场总线控制系统的特点..................................................................51.5.2现场总线的优点.................................................................................61.6现场总线的未来........................................................................................61.7本章小结....................................................................................................7第2章基于CAN总线的现场总线控制系统....................................................82.1CAN总线技术............................................................................................82.1.1CAN总线概述.....................................................................................82.1.2