1英语国际音标入门音标常识1、英语国际音标48个,元音20个、辅音28个。发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍,这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。2、元音与辅音分类元音20个12个单元音长元音[i:][ә:][ɔ:][u:][a:]短元音[i][ә][ɔ][u][Λ][e][æ]8个双元音[ai][ei][ɔi][iә][eә][uә][au][әu]辅音28个10对清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][∫][t∫][tr][θ][ts]浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z][3][d3][dr][ð][dz]3个鼻音[m][n][η]5个其他辅音[h][r][l][w][j]元音字母aei(y)ou辅音字母b、c、d、f、g、h、j、k、l、m、n、p、q、r、s、t、v、w、x、y、z英语发音规则:元音+辅音2课堂讲义Lesson1元音[i:][i][ә:][ә]的学习1、长元音[i:]的发音要诀:舌抵下齿,双唇扁平,作微笑状,发“一”之长音。代表单词:eateachbeepeaseeseatreethreemeetmeatfeetfeelheme通常情况下,发[i:]这个音的字母和字母组合eeaee根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。1.seatrainbeancat2.giftfeetteacherdog3.pigstartreejeep4.sweetseafishthe2、短元音[i]的发音要诀:舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全合,发短促之“一”音。代表单词itispigbigfishshipjaketrockethappysunny发[i]这个音的字母和字母组合iey根据发音规则,圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。1.sofasitkicklip2.ingiftjamship3.handpicturebigsister4.hotlickpigmany3、长元音[ә:]的发音要诀:舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长音。代表单词termimmersebirdgirlskirtfirstnurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtainearlylearnwordwork发[ә:]这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearor勾出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。1.thirtybeerthirstywheat2.bankkinghernurse3.turtlebirdrabbitknee4.roomrunshirtterm33、短元音[ә]的发音要诀:舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,牙床较张开,发“厄”之短音。代表单词picturesugarteacherbrotherdinnerfathersisterdoctoraboutabovepandasofaChinathe发[ә]这个音的字母和字母组合ureer(词尾)arorae根据发音规则,找出发[ә]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.mothersofaroadsmile2.sitfathersisterfood3.hairdeertigerChina4.sugarsoonearleader练习题1.找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①hefeetbreadgreen()②pigisdogship()③thirtybirdherfood()④shebiginmoney()⑤sweetfishteacherwe()⑥teachersisteraboutgirl()⑦tigerfirstworkshirt()⑧treebeancleanchin()⑨fatherdoctorskirtchina()⑩happyseasitpicture3.连线。meat[ә:]thirsty[i]driver[ә]animal[i:]Lesson2元音[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]的学习5、长元音[ɔ:]的发音要诀:双唇收得小而圆,并向前突出,舌身往后缩,类似“喔”之长音。代表单词drawstrawberryballwallhorsecornforkorshortfloordoor发[ɔ:]这个音的字母和字母组合awaloroor4根据发音规则,找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词1.tallbirdbreadpoor2.ideachairsporthere3.cakebearwalkcup4.drinkshortbackmilk6、短元音[ɔ]的发音要诀:双唇微向外突出成圆形,舌后升起,舌尖不触下齿,发“奥”音。代表单词foxdogshopcoffeedoctorlongwatch发[ɔ]这个音的字母和字母组合oa根据发音规则,找出发[ɔ]的2个单词1.doctorteacherboxclothes2.coldzooclockdog3.mostbosslotviolin4.watchbeachfoxgirl7、[u:]的发音要诀:双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发“屋”之长音。代表单词dowhowhosefoodmoontoofruitjuicerulerrudetrueblue发[u:]这个音的字母和字母组合ooouiuue根据发音规则,找出不发[u:]的单词1.juicemoonzoopanda2.toothbroomeyespoon3.headbootnoodlespool4.nooncoolbootwatch8、[u]的发音要诀:双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发短促之“屋”音。代表单词womanwolflookgoodbookfootwoodbullbullet发[u]这个音的字母和字母组合ooou根据发音规则,找出不发[u]的单词1.mouthbooklookpull2.pushtapesugarfoot3.woodkindwolfbull4.bulletwoodcookname5练习题一.抄写音标,一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。[u]:[u:]:[ɔ]:[ɔ:]:__________二.找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①moonfoodeatfruit()②toobookwoodlook()③foursmallwalkbird()④gotclockshopshirt()⑤busfootpushbook()⑥lostballlongox()⑦rulerdogmooncakeblue()⑧bigshiphorseitLesson3元音[a:][Λ][e][æ]9、长元音[a:]的发音要诀:双唇张而不圆,牙床大开,舌向后收缩,发“啊”之长音。代表单词glassclassplantdancefastlastcarstararmgardendarkscarflaughaunt发[a:]这个音的字母和字母组合aarau根据发音规则,圈出发[a:]的2个单词。1.armlipdoctorcard2.cloudcartgardengate3.ballscarfdarktiger4.joblorryMarchpark10、短元音[Λ]的发音要诀:双唇平放,牙床半开,舌尖抵住下齿龈,舌后微升,发短促之“啊”音。代表单词soncomecolourlovemoneysunnutjumpbussupperustouchcousincountry发[Λ]这个音的字母和字母组合ouou根据发音规则,找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。1.hearcupbedair2.voiceboyduckant3.vasecornbeargun4.cuteboymoneyher11、短元音[e]的发音要诀:舌尖抵下齿,舌的前部稍微抬起,但是,舌位要低6于所学的/I/,上下齿的宽度要容得下一个手指,气流呼出短促而有力。代表单词eggbelldesklegpettenpenbreadheadbreakfast发[e]这个音的字母和字母组合eea根据发音规则,找出每组中不发[e]的单词。1.catwelllegpen2.sweatmappetelephant3.eggtentalldesk4.breadheadbedtoy12、短元音[æ]的发音要诀:舌尖轻触下齿,比/e/的口型要大,下颌下拉。代表单词baddadcapcatapplebagflaghandrabbitblackfathasmaprat发[æ]这个音的字母和字母组合a根据发音规则,找出每组中发[æ]的单词。1.ratbedfacesport2.hearcupfatpear3.ricebatfingertree4.seayoungknifeapple练习题略Lesson4双元音[ei][ai][ɔi][au]13、[ei]的发音要领:由[e]和[i]两个音组成。[e]重读,[i]轻读,口形由半开到合,与字母“A”发音相同。代表单词cakemakenamegamesnakegatelazyraintrainwaitdayMayplaytadayway发[ei]这个音的字母和字母组合aaiay根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发音不一样的单词。1.facewavesheeptail2.grapeplanenamecoat3.timetapetrainsnake4.rainsoapcaketrain714、[ai]发音要领:由[a]和[i]两个单音组成,前重后轻,口形由开到合,与字母“I”的发音相同。代表单词kitebikenicetigerwriteknifebycryflymyskytrywhytiepiebuy发[ai]这个音的字母和字母组合iyieuy根据发音规则,找出每组中发[ai]的2个单词.1.ricegoodjamright2.shipmineice-creammouse3.cloudsittieeye4.writesmalltenniskite15、[ɔi]发音要领:由[ɔ]和[i]的发音组成,前重后轻,双唇从圆到扁,口形从开到合。代表单词oilboilcoinboytoy发[ɔi]这个音的字母和字母组合oioy根据发音规则,找出每组中发[ɔi]的2个单词.1.soilhearsoycold2.rabbitbedboynoise3.walkvoiceboilword4.teaenjoytoymilk16、[au]发音要领:由[a]和[u]两音组成,[a]重读,[u]轻读,口形由大到小。代表单词housemousemouthtrousersflowercowhownowdown发[au]这个音的字母和字母组合ouow根据发音规则,选出不发[au]的单词。1.mousecloudarmclown2.teachertrouserscowmouth3.towndanceflowerhouse4.towerblousenowbaby练习题音标[ei][ai][ɔi][au]练习一.抄写音标,一个抄写5遍。[ei]:[ai]:[ɔi]:[au]:二.选出下列没有发相同发音的词()1.cakeeggrainMay()2.kitecrybroomfly()3.boyjoycatnoise8()4.blousesuncowhouse()5.towerflowermoutharm三.读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母,单词的音标。[klaud][set][kɔin][krɔ:s]c______ds____c____ncr____s[flæg][trein][desk][smail]f____gtr____nd______s____leAaKkIiYyhiboycownowtoybikehousemycakefacehownice四.把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来•bow[bau]•gate[pai]•tray[geit]•pie[trei]•poison[pɔizn]五.看图、填空、标号•h___t→s__n→e____s__r→•r__