中考复习代词专项

人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词不定代词疑问代词中考代词考查的六种形式:题干以对话形式为主，词数在10到18词之间，考生应识记并灵活运用第一、二、三人称的各种变换形式。neither,either,both及something,anything,everything,nothing主格宾格充当主语充当动词的宾语或表语，介词的宾语考点一：人称代词/第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格宾格it的用法1)用来指上文所提到的那个事物，即指代“同名同物”。注意：one用来指代“同名异物”，即指代前面出现的名词或名词短语所表示的那个事物，并不是特指同一个事物。e.g.Thisisawatch.Itisnew.2)指时间、天气、距离等。e.g.—How’stheweathertoday?—It’ssunny.It’seighto’clockintheevening.3)可代替动词不定式作句中的形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于某些固定句式中。It’s+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb.)+todosth.(it作形式主语)Sb.find(s)/think(s)it+adj.+todosth.(it作形式宾语)e.g.It’snecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell.Shefounditdifficulttolearngeography.2.Doyouthink_____acceptableforagroupofwomentodancetoloudmusiconthesquarenearyourhouse?A.itB.thatC.thisD.its(2017甘肃兰州)A1.ThedoctoradvisedPaulstronglythatheshouldstopsmoking,but_____didn’thelp.A.itB.heC.one(2018贵州贵阳)A形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词做定语，修饰名词，不能单独使用=形容词性物主代词+名词，作主语、宾语、表语，可与of所有格连用考点二：物主代词形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheirs1.BoxingDay,the26thofDecember,got_____namefromatimewhenmanyrichfamiliesgaveboxesofgiftstopoorpeoplewhohadtoworkatChristmas.A.it’sB.itsC.one’sD.one(2018广东)B2.I’mgoingtochoosesomeonlinecourseswithafriendof_____toimproveourEnglish.A.meB.myC.mine(2018贵州贵阳)3.DoctorBethunesometimeshadtotreatthewoundedon_____own.A.himB.hisC.themD.their(2018山东潍坊)CB考点三：反身代词1.反身代词表示“某人自己的”，在句中可用作动词或介词的宾语，也可用作主语或宾语的同位语，表示强调。单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称2.反身代词的固定搭配有：独自过得愉快随便吃自学给自己穿衣服相信自己举止规矩不把某事告诉别人把某物据为己有自言自语心里想为自己着想byoneself=aloneenjoyoneselfhelpyourself/yourselvestosth.teachoneself=learnbyoneselfdressoneselfbelieveinoneselfbehaveoneselfkeep...tooneselfkeep...foroneselftalktooneselfthinktooneselfthinkaboutoneself考点四：指示代词常用的指示代词有this，that，these和those。\单数复数指近this这；这个these这些指远that那；那个those那些温馨提示：1.that和those可用于比较结构来替代前面提到的名词，以避免重复。2.打电话时用this介绍自己，用that询问对方。1.—Mr.Han,howistheweatherinAnshunnow,please?(2018贵州安顺)—Actually,itiscoolerthan_____inGuiyang.A.itB.thatC.thisD.those从所给选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。B2.Ihaveabadcold._____iswhyIdidn’tgotoschool.(2017甘肃天水)A.ThisB.ThatC.TheseD.ItB考点五：不定代词1.both,all,either,any,neither,none的区别指代﹨词义都任何一个都不两者可数名词的三者或三者以上；不可数名词2.one,another,theother,some,others,theothers的区别一个/一些另外一个/一些剩余的一个/一些单数复数3.none,nobody/noone,nothing的区别指代用来回答相当于none人或物howmany/howmuchnota/an/any+名词；no+名词nobody/noone人whonotanyone/anybodynothing物whatnotanything4.many,much,few,little,afew,alittle的区别所修饰的词多少(否定意义)有一点儿(肯定意义)可数名词manyfewafew不可数名词muchlittlealittlething复合不定代词含义用法例句something某事；某物常用于肯定句中Youcaneatsomethingfirst.5.复合不定代词thinganything某事；某物常用于否定句及疑问句中Ididn’teatanythingforlunch.Didyoueatanythingforlunch?任何东西(事物)常用于肯定句中Youcantakeanythingyoulike.thing复合不定代词含义用法例句everything一切用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中Hersoniseverythingtoher.Moneyisn’teverything.Howiseverything?thingnothing没有什么用于否定句中，相当于notanythingIhavenothingtosaynow.=Idon’thaveanythingtosaynow.one复合不定代词含义用法例句someone某人常用于肯定句中Isawsomeoneinthatroom.anyone某人常用于否定句及疑问句中Ididn’tseeanyoneintheroom.Didanyonecallmeyesterday?任何人常用于肯定句中Anyonecandothat.one复合不定代词含义用法例句everyone人人；大家用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中Everyoneisheretoday.Everyonedoesn’tlikethefoodhere.Dideveryoneinyourclassgoforatrip?noone没有人常用于否定句中Noonewantstowalktothezoo.注意:1.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。e.g.Everyoneinthisvillageisfriendly.2.形容词或动词不定式修饰复合不定代词时，位于不定代词之后。e.g.Let’sdosomethinginteresting.Hewantssomethingtoeatnow.3.some,something用于一般疑问句时，表示期待对方的肯定回答。1.Catherinehastwocousins.Oneisquiet,and_____isnoisy.A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.others(2018上海)B2.Everyonecanhelpin_____wayoranothertomakeourcitymorebeautifulA.anyB.oneC.everyD.either(2018内蒙古包头)B3.—Whenshallwegotothemovies,thisafternoonortomorrowmorning?—_____isOK.I’mfreethesedays.A.EitherB.NeitherC.Both(2018黑龙江龙东)4.—TwoticketsforSunday,please!—Sorry.Thereis_____left.A.nothingB.noneC.someD.anything(2018江苏常州)AB5.—Whatwouldyoulike,meatorfish?—_____.Ipreferchicken.(2018广西玉林)A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.EachB6.—HowmanyapplescanIhave?—Youcanhavetwo._____areforJim.A.TheothersB.OthersC.Theother(2018湖南长沙)7.—Excuseme,Iwantsomebooks,butIcan’tfindabookshophere.(2018江苏宿迁)—Iknow_____onmywayhome.Comewithme,please.A.thisB.oneC.itD.thatAB考点六：疑问代词疑问代词主要用法例句who谁作主语、表语、宾语。Whowantstoplaywithme?whom谁who的宾格形式，作宾语。Whomareyouwaitingfor?whose谁的who的所有格形式，作表语、定语。Whosescarfisthis?what什么在不确定范围内选择，用what，意为“什么”，作主语、宾语和定语。Whatwouldyouliketoeat?which哪个在明确的、已知的范围内选择，用which，意为“哪一个；哪一些”，作主语、宾语和定语。Whichseasondoyoulikebest?1.—_____doyouplantobuy?—Ihaven’tmadeupmymind.I’lljustlookaround.A.WhoB.HowC.WhyD.WhatD2._____pencilisthis,Tom’sorHenry’s?A.WhatB.WhenC.WhoD.Whose3.—______doyouusuallysharehappinesswith?—Myparentsandmybestfriend.A.WhoB.WhoseC.WhatD.HowDA