代词it,one,that和those用法说明为了避免重复出现前面已经出现的名词,常用it,one,that,those来替代。这几个替代词是高考中的一个常考点。现将各个替代词的用法归纳如下:用法说明一:it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”,都是特指,都可替代可数和不可数名词,但it指前面提到的“同一”事物,而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如:MyfatherboughtmeapenandIlikeitverymuch.我父亲给我买了一支钢笔,我非常喜欢它。(it替代thepen,指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔)Thisdictionaryismoreusefulthanthat(=theone)Iboughtyesterday.这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。(that替代thedictionary,与前面的thisdictionary是同类)用法说明二:one替代“a+单数可数名词”,表示泛指;其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的theone相当于that,替代“the+单数名词”;theone的复数形式theones,替代“the+复数名词”,在口语中也常用those代替。当后面有of短语时,多用that或those;当有前置修饰语时,只能用one(s)。另外,one(s),theone(s),those都只能替代可数名词。如:RadiosareusefulformetolearnEnglish.I’dliketobuyone.收音机对我学英语很有用,我想买一台。(one替代aradio,是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台)Westillhaveshortcomings,andtheyareverybigonestoo.我们还有缺点,而且是很大的缺点。(ones替代shortcomings)Wekeptseatsforthosewhomightarrivelate.我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=theones替代thepersons)Wavesofredlightareabouttwiceaslongasthoseofbluelight.红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。(those替代thewaves)ThepopulationofScotlandwaseighttimesaslargeasthatofCornwall.苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词thepopulation,不能用theone)Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences:1.---Doyouhaven’tanEnglish-Chinesedictionary?---Yes,Ihaveit.2.Thelanguageusedinadvertisementsdiffersfromoneusedinordinaryreadings.3.Thecolourofhisjacketisbetterthanmine.4.---Doesshehaveabike?---Yes,shehasaone.5.---Isawonlyonemotorcarinthatshop.Willyougoandbuyone?---No,Iwouldratherfinditinothershops.Keys:1it---one2one---that3mine---thatofmine4删a5one---itMultiplechoice1.---TheremustbeadozenpensinthehousebutIcanneverfind_______whenIneed______.---Keeplooking.______issuretoturnup.A.one;one;OneB.it;one;ItC.one;it;ThisD.aone;one;Theone2.---CanIhelpyou?---I’dliketobuyapresentformyfather’sbirthday,_______ataproperprice,butofgreatuse.A.thatB.oneC.anyoneD.theone3.Maybeitistruethatwedonotknowwhatwehavegotuntilwelose______.A.oneB.thatC.itD.theone4.Theenvironmentinthisfarawaytownisaspleasantas________inthecoastalcity.A.oneB.itC.themD.that5.Thebestjobis_______whichusesyourskillindoingsomethingtogetherwithyourinterestinthesubject.A.thatB.theoneC.oneD.it6.---Whatdoyouthinkofthefurnitureonexhibition?---Well,great!ButIdon’tthinkmuchof________youbought.A.theoneB.itC.thatD.which7.Acakemadeofwheatcostslessthan________madeofrice.A.oneB.thatC.aoneD.theone8.Astheyareretired,theyprefertobuyahouseinthecountrytospendtheirlateyearsto_____inalargecity.A.oneB.thatC.theoneD.itKeys:1---8ABCDCCAAit,one,ones,that,those的区别用法为使表达简洁明了,我们常用it,one,ones,that,those等替代词来替代前面已经出现的名词。从近几年的高考英语情况来看,考查替代词的用法和区别一直是一个热点。本文拟就以上几个最重要的替代词的用法作一小结,同时为同学们归纳一些使用技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。一、替代表泛指的单数名词替代表泛指的单数名词,通常用one。如:Twoheadsarebetterthanone.两人智慧胜一人。Ilostmyoldcamera;thisisanewone.我的旧相机丢了,这是一架新的。Didyougetaticket?—Yes,Imanagedtogetone.你搞到票了吗?——是的,我设法搞到了一张。注:若one前没有形容词的修饰,则其前不能有不定冠词。比较:I’mlookingforaflat.I’dlikeasmallonewithagarden.我正在找一套公寓,想找一套小的带花园的。I’mlookingforaflat.I’dlikeonewithagarden.我正在找一套公寓,想找一套带花园的。(不能说:...aonewithagarden.)没有形容词修饰的one前不能用不定冠词,但可用another。如:Thispendoesn’twork.Imustbuyanotherone.这支钢笔坏了,我要另买一支了。另外,注意它与表特指的it的区别。如:Canyoulendmeapen?—Sorry.Ihaven’tgotone.你能借给我一支钢笔吗?——对不起,我没有钢笔。CanIborrowyourpen?—Sorry,I’musingit.我能借用你的钢笔吗?——对不起,我自己正在用。二、替代表特指的单数名词替代表特指的单数名词,可用it,that,theone。三者的区别是:1.替代单数可数名词时,三者均可用;替代不可数名词时,不能用theone,而要用it或that。此时it与that的区别是:表示同一事物时,用it;表示同类事物时,用that或theone。如:Theweatherhereistoocold.Idon’tlikeit.这儿的天气太冷了,我不喜欢这儿的天气。(it在此指前面提到的theweather)TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofGuangzhou.北京的天气比广州冷。(that在此指代的天气与前面提到的天气为同类)MyuncleboughtmeadictionaryandIlikeitverymuch.我叔叔给我买了一本词典,我非常喜欢它。(it在此就是指前面提到的叔叔给我买的词典)Yourdictionaryismoreusefulthantheonemyunclegaveme.你这本词典比我叔叔叔给我的那本词典更有用。(theone在此表示与前面提到的词典为同类)2.替代事物时,三者均可用;替代人时,只能用theone。如:Whoisherhusband?—Theonebythewindow.哪位是她的丈夫?——窗户边的那一位。注:当要替代性别不明的婴儿时可用it。3.当有前置定语修饰时,只能用theone。如:Whichdoyouwant?—Theredone.你想要哪个?——那个红的。Shewouldratherhavethesmallonethanthelargeone.她宁愿要小的,不要大的。4.当有后置定语修饰时,通常用theone。如:Myroomisbetterthantheonenextdoor.我的房间比隔壁房间好。Hesaidhewouldhavetheonenearhim.他说要靠近他的那一个。Isthattheonethatwaspublishedrecently?是最近出版的那一种吗?Herearesixrings.Pickouttheoneyoulikebest.这里有六枚戒指,选出你最喜欢的一枚。但是,若后置定语为of引起的介词短语,则通常用that。如:ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofJapan.中国人口比日本人口多得多。Agrandparent’sjobiseasierthanthatofaparent.祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。三、替代表泛指的复数名词替代表泛指的复数名词,通常用ones。如:Hardbedsarehealthierthansoftones.硬板床比软床有利于健康。Greenapplesoftentastebetterthanredones.青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。Wecanlendyouplasticchairsormetalones.我们可以借给你塑料椅子或者金属椅子。Thesechairshavethegreatadvantageofbeingmuchcheaperthanconventionalones.这些椅子具有比普通椅子便宜得多的优势。四、替代表特指的复数名词替代表特指的复数名词,通常用theones。如:I’dliketotryonthoseshoes.Theonesatthefrontofthewindow.我想试试那双鞋子。橱窗里前边的那一双。Aretheytheoneswhomovedhererecently?是最近搬到这儿来的那些人吗?Don’tbuytheexpensiveapples;getthecheaperones.别买那价钱贵的苹果,买那便宜的。注:在口语中,也可用those来替代表特指的复数名词,尤其是当其后有of引导的介词短语或who引导的定语从句修饰时。如:Wavesofredlightareabouttwiceaslongasthoseofbluelight.红色光线的波长约为蓝色光线波长的两倍。Thoseofyouwhowishtogoonthetripmaysignuphere.你们中间想参加这次游览的人可以在这里签名。Hisideasarelittledifferentfromthoseofhisfriends.他的想法和他朋友的想法没什么两样。Studentswhodowellinexaminationsarethose[theones]whoaskq