PRACTICE-of-international-Business-Seventeen

LectureSeventeenInternationalBusinessPracticeChapter11Payment货款的支付SectionOneInstrumentsofPaymentinInternationalTradeSectionTwoModesofPaymentinInternationalTradeMainPointsIntroductionIninternationaltrade,howandwhenanexporterreceivespaymentforthegoodshesendsabroadareproblemsthatconcernhimthemost.PaymentindomestictradeisnotastrickyaspaymentintheinternationalbusinessDifferentmethodsofpaymenthavebeenadoptedininternationaltrade.Whatshouldbeunderstoodinthischapter1InstrumentsofPaymentDraftPromissoryNoteCheque2ModesofPaymentRemittanceCollectionL/CSectionOneMeansofPaymentInpractice,sellers,ingeneral,almostneverinsistontheirrightstodemandcashforpayment,butreadilytakecertainbills,suchasbillofexchange(draft)(汇票),promissorynote(本票)andcheque(check)forsubstitutes,amongwhichdraftarewidelyused.BillofExchange(Draft)isanwrittenorderdrawnbythedrawerformoneytobepaidbythedrawee(payer).Draftsarenegotiableinstrumentsandsold.PromissoryNoteisawrittenandsignedpromisetopayastatedamountofmoneyparticularperson.Chequeisawrittenordertoabanktocertainsumofmoneyfromone’sbankaccounttoanotherperson.Thepayerofcheckisthedrawerofthecheck.汇票(BillofExchange;Draft)含义：要求付款的命令。是一个人向另一个人签发的，要求见票时或在将来的固定时间或在可以确定的时间，对某人或其指定的人或持票人，支付一定金额的无条件的书面支付命令。在进出口业务中，汇票通常由出口方签发，其目的是为了收取货款本票(PromissoryNote)与支票(Cheque)本票是出票人对收款人承诺无条件支付一定金额的票据种类商业本票与银行本票两种。商业本票有即期和远期之分。银行本票全是即期的。国际贸易的货款结算中使用的本票，多数为银行本票。我国《票据法》规定，银行本票仅限于中国人民银行审定的银行或其他金融机构签发支票支票是以银行为付款人的即期汇票，即存款人签发给银行的无条件支付一定金额的委托或命令。支票是即期汇票。要避免空头支票的产生支票种类A记名支票和不记名支票（空白支票）B现金支票和转账支票C划线支票：只能用于转账D保付支票：银行在支票上“保付（certify）”支票经保付，付款责任由银行承担，更有利于流通BILLOFEXCHANGENo.__________________ForAt____________________sightofTHISSECONDBILLofEXCHANGE(firstofthesametenoranddateunpaid)payto___________________ororderthesumofValuereceivedandchargethesametoaccountof______________________________________________________________________________________Drawnunder______________________________________________________L/CNo._______________________________dated_______________________To._________________________________________________________汇票BILLOFEXCHANGENo.汇票编号Date:出票日期For:汇票金额At付款期限sightofthissecondofexchange(firstofthesametenoranddateunpaid)paytotheorderof受款人thesumofDrawnunder出票条款L/CNo.DatedTo.付款人出票人签章本票样本中国工商银行转帐支票票样中国建设银行现金支票样本1)DefinitionofBillofExchangeAbillofexchange,alsocalleddraft,isdefinedas“anunconditionalorderinwriting,addressedbyonepersontoanother,signedbythepersongivingit,requiringthepersontowhomitisaddressedtopayondemand,oratafixedordeterminablefuturetime,asumcertaininmoney,to,ortotheorderofaspecifiedperson,ortobearer”.BillofexchangeTheoperationprocessofdraftincludes:todraw,presentation,acceptance,payment,endorsement,dishonorandrecourse.Draftsarenegotiableinstrumentsandmaybesold.2)ThePartiestoaBillofExchangeAbillofexchangeinvolvesthreeparties:Drawer:Drawee:PayeeContentsinDraft1）InvolvedParties出票人（Drawer）(Drawee)受票人=Payer(Payee)收款人3)ClassificationofBillofExchangeaCommercialbillandBanker’sBillAccordingtodifferentdrawee,thebillsofexchangecanbeclassifiedintocommercialbillandbanker’sbill.Ifthedrawerisacommercialconcern,thebilliscalledacommercialbill.Itisoftenusedinforeigntradefinance.Ifthedrawerisabank,thebilliscalledabanker’sbill.Itismainlyusedinremittance.bCleanbillanddocumentarybillInthetransferofthebillofexchange,ifthebillofexchangeisaccompaniedbyshippingdocuments,itisadocumentarybill,ifnot,itisacleanbill.Accordingtothetimewhenthebillfallsdue,billsofexchangemaybedividedintosight(ordemand)billoratime(orusance)bill.Asightbilldemandsimmediatepaymentbythedraweeatthesightofthebill.Incaseofatimebill,thedraweeisrequiredtoacceptitfirstandpayitatafixedordeterminablefuturetime,inotherwords,itrequiresacceptancebeforepayment.cSight(orDemand)BillandTime(orUsance)billThefixedordeterminablefuturetimemaybeacertainnumberofdaysafteracceptance:a)At…daysaftersight,suchas“30dayssightor“60daysaftersight”;b)At…daysafterdateifdraft,suchas“90daysafterdateofthisdraft”;c)atfixeddateinthefuture,suchas“OnMay12,2006”.dCommercialAcceptanceBillandBanker’sAcceptanceBillIntimeorusancecommercialbill,whenthedrawerisacommercialfirmandthedraweeisanothercommercialfirm,thebillafteracceptancebythecommercialfirmorthedrweeiscalledacommercialacceptancebill;whenthedraweeisacommercialfirmorbankandthedraweeisabank,thebillafteracceptancebythebankorthedraweeiscalledabanker’sacceptancebill.4)UseBillofExchangeinForeignTradeAbillofexchange(draft)isanordertopay.Itismadeoutbyanexporterandpresentedtoanimporter,usuallythroughabank.Itmaybepayableimmediatelyonpresentation(asightordemanddraft),orsomanydaysafterpresentation(atimedraft).Inthelattercase,thedraweewrites“Accepted”acrossitandsignshisname.Theexportercanthengetimmediatepaymentbydiscountingthedraftandsupplyingaletterofhypothecation.Ifatimedraftisnothonoredatmaturity,itwillbenotedandprotestedbyaNotaryPublic,andrepresentedthedrawee.Suchadraft,andthecorrespondingpaymentterms,“DocumentsagainstAcceptance”,obviouslyinvolverisktotheexporterorhisbank.KindsWhetherdocumentaryDeadtimeofpaymentDrawerAcceptanceCleanbillDocumentarybillSightbill