常见词缀词根表常见的前缀1.表示否定意义的前缀1)纯否定前缀a-,an-,ab-asymmetry,anhydrous,abnormaldis-disinterested,dishonest,dislike,disabilityin-,ig-,il,im,irinconsistent,inability,ignoble,impossible,immoral,illegal,irregular,illegalne-,n-,non-none,neither,never,nonsense,nobody,nowhereneg-neglect,negate,negligenceun-unable,unemployment,unqualified2)表示错误的意义male-,mal-malfunction,maladjustment,maladminister,maladroit,malaisemis-mistake,mislead,misapprehend,misarrange,misbehavepseudo-pseudonym,pseudoscience,pseudocode3)表示反动作的意思de-defend,demodulation,deconstruction,decontroldis-disarm,disconnect,disable,disaccord,disagreeun-unload,uncover,unacknowledged,unbalanced4)表示相反,相互对立意思anti-,ant-antiknock,anti-imperialism,antibiosiscontra-,contre-,contro-contradiction,contraceptive,controflow,contraclockwisecountercounter-reaction,counterbalance,counter-revolutionaryob-,oc-,of-,op-object,oppose,occupy,oppositewith-withdraw,withstand,withhold,without2.表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀a-表示“在……之上”,“向……”aboard,aside,ahead,abroadby-表示“附近,邻近,边侧”bypath,bypasscircum-,circu-,表示“周围,环绕,回转”circumstance,circuit,circumcircle,circumference,circumfluencede-,表示“在下,向下”descend,degrade,declineen-,表示“在内,进入”encage,enbedex-,ec-,es-,表示“外部,外”exit,eclipse,expand,export,exotic,exterior,externalextra-,表示“额外”extraction,extraordinary,extraterrestrial,extravagantfore-表示“在前面”forehead,foreground,forerunner,foreshadow,foresightin-,il-,im-,ir-,表示“向内,在内,背于”inland,invade,inside,import,include,internal,interior,impartinter-,intel-,表示“在……间,相互”international,interaction,internet,interact,interastralintro-,表示“向内,在内,内侧”introduce,introspection,intromissionmedi-,med-,mid-,表示“中,中间”Mediterranean,mid-position,mid-ocean,mid-life,mid-termout-,表示“在上面,在外部,在外”outline,outside,outward,outlook,outwardover-,表示“在上面,在外部,向上”overlook,overhead,overboardpost-,表示向后,在后边,次”postscriptpre-,表示在前”在前面”prefix,preface,preposition,pre-requisitepro-,表示“在前,向前”progress,proceedsub-,suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sup-,sur-,sus-,表示“在下面,下”subway,submarine,suffix,suppress,supplementsuper-,sur-,表示“在…..之上”superficial,surface,superstructure,surcoattrans-,表示“移上,转上,在那一边”translate,transform,transoceanic,transplantunder-,表示“在…..下面,下的”underline,underground,underwater,underestimateup-,表示“向上,向上面,在上”upward,uphold,uphill,upgrade,upbuild3.表示时间,序列关系的前缀ante-,anti-,表示“先前,早于,预先”antecedent,anticipateex-,表示“先,故,旧”ex-president,ex-husbandmid-,medi-,表示“中,中间”midnight,midsummerpost-表示“在后,后”postwar,posteriorpre-,pri-,表示“在前,事先,预先”preheat,prewar,prehistory,predictpro-,表示“在前,先,前”prologue,prophet,proactivere-,表示“再一次,重新”retell,rewrite,revise,rehearse,redefine4.表示比较程度差别关系的前缀by-,表示“副,次要的”byproduct,byworkhyper-表示“超过,极度”hypersonic,hypertension,hyperacuteout-,表示“超过,过分”outdo,outbid,outshineover-,表示“超过,过度,太”overeat,overdress,oversleepsub-,suc-,sur-,表示“低,次,副,亚”subeditor,subordinate,subtropicalsuper-,sur-表示“超过”supernature,superpower,surplus,surpass,supermanunder-,表示“低劣,低下”undersize,undergrown,underproductionvice-表示“副,次”vice-president,vice-chairman5.表示共同,相等意思的前缀com-,cop-,con-,cor-,co-表示“共同,一起”connect,combine,collect,combat,coexist,cooperate,collaboratesyn-,syl-,sym-,表示“同,共,和,类”symmetry,sympathy,synthesis6.表示整个完全意思的前缀al-表示“完整,完全”alone,almostover-表示“完全”overall,overflowpan-表示“全,总,万”panentheism,panorama,Pan-American7.表示分离,离开意思的前缀a-ab-,abs-,表示“分离,离开”away,apart,abstract,abstainde-表示“离去,处去”depart,decolourdis-,di-,dif-,表示“分离,离开”divorce,disarm,differex-,e-,表示“离开,分离”expel,exclude,expatriate,exteriorfor-表示“离开,脱离”forget,forgivere-表示“离开”release,resolvese-表示“分离,隔离”separate,seduce,select8.表示通过,遍及意思的前缀dia-,表示“通过,横过”diameter,diagramper-,pel-,表示“通,总,遍”perfect,perform,pervadetrans-,表示“横过,贯通”transparent,transmit,transport9.表示加强意思的前缀a-arouse,ashamedad-adjoin,adhere(10.表示变换词类作用的前缀be-befrienden-enslave,enable,enrich,enablead-,ac-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-adapt,accord,affix,aggression,arrive,assist,attend,attract,arrange,assign11.表示数量关系的前缀1)表示“单一”,“一”mon-,mon-monotone,monopoly,monarch,monomorphicuni-,un-uniform,unicellular,uniaxial,uniform2)表示“二,两,双”ambi-ambiguous,amphibianbi-,bin-,di-bicycle,diode,twi-,twe-Twilight,twelve,twenty3)表示“十”deca,deco-,dec-deci-decade,decimals4)表示百,百分子一hecto-,hect-hectometercenti-centimeter5)表示千,千分子一”kilo-Kilometer,kilogram6)表示万,万分子一”myria-,myri-myriametremega-,meg-megabytemicro-microvolt,microwave7)表示许多,复,多数”multi-,mult-multipmetre,multicultural,multinationalpoly-Polysyllable,polyatomic8)表示“半,一半”hemi-hemispheresemi-semiconductor,semitransparent,semicircle,semiofficial.pene-,pen-peninsula12.表示特殊意义的前缀arch-,表示“首位,第一的,主要的”architect,archbishopauto-,表示“自己,独立,自动”automobile,autobiographybene-,表示“善,福”Benefit,beneficence,beneficialeu-,表示“优,美好”eugenics,euphemismmacro-表示“大,宏大”macroscopic,macroeconomicsmicro-表示“微”microscope,microeconomics,magni-表示“大”magnificent,magnify,magnifical13.表示术语的前缀aud-,表示“听,声”audiencebio-,表示“生命,生物”biography,biologyge-,表示“地球,大地”geography,geology,geobiology,geocentricphon-,表示“声,音调”phonograph,phonology,phonemetele-,表示“远离”television,telephone,telegraph二.常见的后缀1.名词后缀(1)具有某种职业或动作的人-an,-ain,表示……地方的人,精通……的人”American,historian-al,表示具有……职务的人principal-ant,-ent,表示……者”merchant,agent,servant,st