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今天好囧啊，等了半天打不到的士。墙角数枝槑（梅），凌寒独自开，遥赞它是雪，只能说你呆。Ifyoucomeacrossnewwordswhenreading,Whatwillyoudo?•Ignorethemandcontinuereading•Lookthemupinthedictionary•GuessthemeaningChinawillseethelongestsolareclipsein500yearsonJuly21,ascientistWangsaidonSaturday.Thetotaleclipsewilllastuptosixminutes,orthelongesteclipsethatcanbeseeninChinainalmostyearsfrom1814to2309,”hesaid.2010年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：１、理解主旨要义；２、理解文中具体信息；３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；４、作出简单判断和理解；５、理解文章的基本结构；６、理解作者的意图和态度。抓主旨明细节猜词义做推断猜测词义读懂文章---------高三英语阅读指导（阅读篇）2005—2009年阅读理解试题分类情况题目设计数量20052006200720082009试题设计分类事实细节题1012101211主旨大意题22210词义猜测题10132推理判断题66642对考纲外生词的猜测ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglots:Mr.Jim,forexample,speaksfivelanguagesfluently.“polyglot”mostprobablymeans“_______________.”对考纲内熟词新义的猜测Ihadfirstknownshewaswrong,thatheranxietyhadcloudedherjudgment.(04全国卷)“cloud”means“_____________________.”•Thebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastic.Ifyouaskyourbraintolearn,itwilllearn.(07四川卷)•Bysaying“thebrainatanyageishighlyplastic”,thewritermeansthebraincanbe_____.A.usedB.masteredC.developedD.researched对句义的猜测词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1.Theword“…”refersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby_______.2.Theword“…”ismostlikelytomean______.3.Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“…”standsfor?4.Theunderlinedword“…”means______.......语境法Contextclues构词法Wordformation猜测词意WordFormation构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：super-(超)mini-(极小的,微小的)micro-（极微小的）re-（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能…的）-less（不，无）-wards(向)supermanmicrowave(超人)nonnaturalmispronounce(非自然的)homelessnonsmoker(无家可归的)rebuildeastwards(重建)Canyouguesstherightmeanings?(微波)(非烟民)(发错音)(向东)Mary,ofcourseyouareoverweight.Youeattoomuchjunkfood.Evenworse,youexcerciseinfrequently.“Evenwhenamanissaidtobeabestfriend,”Rubinwrites,“thetwosharelittleabouttheirinnermostfeelings.”(2003NMET)Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.unconditional:nonjudgmental:无条件的，绝对的没有判断力的1.(05重庆卷)It’struethatlighthousewerebuiltinout-of-the-wayplace.2.Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheyevenbegintopicturemodernlife?3.Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.Word-formation（合成形容词）（词性变化）（复合法，转化法，派生法）（词的派生）语境法猜测词义1.定义描述2.同义反义3.因果关系语境法猜测词义4.举例归纳5.生活常识6.上下推断1、定义描述Ex.◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.◎Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.◎Weareonthenightshift---frommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.木匠动物学家牧人夜班Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwater,theirfields.Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.灌溉灌溉有牙齿的定义或释义关系常由定语从句或becalled，beknownas,bedefinedas等词汇或破折号来表示；或由is,thatis(tosay),inotherwords，toputitanotherway引出一些具体的解释性的短语放在生词后做它的同位语，用逗号隔开，构成同位关系。小结2.同义词Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.推迟圆胖的反义词ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.污秽的节约的Ex.◎Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.◎Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnate.◎Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthetheft.混乱无辜的天生的不同意由and或or，like,as…as,thesameas等连接的两个词构成同义关系；表转折关系的词常有如but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though，onthecontrary等。小结•(05广东卷)“UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscan’tbeeasilyswalloweddown.Theymustbecarefullycultivated.”•Theunderlinedwordroughlymeans____.•A.encouragedB.compared•C.examinedD.developed3、因果关系Rubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.弹性的混浊的Ex.◎SinceIcouldnotaffordtopurchasetheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.◎He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.复制品精明的修剪常用关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，so,so…that,such…thattherefore等)表示前因后果。小结•(06陕西卷)Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.•Inparagraph2,“aroofovertheirheads”mostprobablymeans______.•A.acapB.acar•C.ahomeD.acovering4、举例归纳法Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.家禽装置Thenewcoupleboughtalotofhouseholdappliances,suchaswashingmachine,fridgeandmicrowaveovenect.Difinedmos