莎士比亚sonnet73分析

Thattimeofyearthoumaystinmebehold,Whenyellowleaves,ornone,orfew,dohang,Uponthoseboughswhichshakeagainstthecold,Bareruin'dchoirs,wherelatethesweetbirdssang.你可望见我身上的秋天，光秃秃的枝条，焦叶悬颤，冷冷、空空、倾圮的唱诗坛可爱的鸟儿曾啁啾婉啭。Inmethousee'stthetwilightofsuchday,Asaftersunsetfadethinthewest;Whichbyandbyblacknightdothtakeaway,Death'ssecondself,thatsealsupallinrest.你可见到我身上的黄昏，如落日在西天渐渐消隐；未几，黑夜－取代死神化身，于安息之中将万物封存。Inmethousee'sttheglowingofsuchfire,Thatontheashesofhisyouthdothlie,Asthedeath-bedwhereonitmustexpireConsum'dwiththatwhichitwasnourish'dby.你可见到我身上的火光，在其青春的余烬上卧躺，它定将熄灭于临终之床，连同其燃烧物一起消亡。Thisthouperceiv'st,whichmakesthylovemorestrong,Tolovethatwellwhichthoumustleaveerelong.明乎此，你的爱会更浓烈，好好爱吧－不久，你将离别。，MeterFormRhymeThispoemhasthethreeinitialquatrain(四行诗节)equallyandcontinuouslyatworkpreparingfortheconcludingcouplet(结尾对句).It'swritteniniambicpentameter（五音步抑扬格）ababcdcdefefggEndrhymeImageryThepoetdoesnotsaydirectlyaboutthecomingofdeath,butusesthreeconcreteimagestoshowtheapproachingextinction.Theaudienceseesmorevividlyandmoredirectlythe“ruined”health,the“fading”oflife,theexhausion(“consumed”)whichaccompanythecomingofhisdeath.Theimagesenablethereadertofeel,ratherthanabstractlyunderstand,theconditionofthespeaker’shealthandgraspthefactinamorememorableway.在第一个四行组中诗人以简练的粗线条勾画出一幅凋零、寒峭、冷寂的严冬景象；在第二个四行组中，诗人描写了一天中日薄西山、大地昏冥的黄昏情景；在第三个四行组中，诗人把自己描写成像“躺在自己青春余烬上闪烁微光”一样的残光余焰，火将灭，热将散。FiguresofSpeechMetaphor诗人将人的生命隐喻为一年的轮回、一日的更迭,以及火焰的生熄变化,指出人到了晚年,犹如黄叶零落的秋天、犹如落霞消残的黄昏、犹如奄奄一息的灰烬,生命即将结束,死亡即将来临,所以要抓住时光的分分秒秒去珍惜生命、珍惜爱情、珍惜美。SymbolismdyingyearautumndyingdaytwilightdyingfireashesToneAlmostdesperateThewholesonnetworksagainsttheconventionofloveasayouthful,passionate,springtimephenomenon;thereareno“rosycheeksandlips”inthispoem.Inthecoupletthepoetseemstoacknowledge,beneaththeovertsenseofthewords,thathisyoungloverwillnotfindhimmoreattractivebecauseofhisimminentdeath.Thusthelinesmaybereadasabitterindictmentratherthanapassionateplea.