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药理学专业词汇（中英文对照）第一章绪论药理学pharmacology药物drug药物效应动力学pharmacodynamics药物代谢动力学pharmacokinetics上市后药物监测post-marketingsurveillance第二章药物效应动力学药物作用pharmacologicalaction药理效应pharmacologicaleffect治疗作用therapeuticeffect对症治疗symptomatictreatment补充疗法supplementtherapy不良反应adversedrugreaction副作用sidereaction毒性反应toxicreaction后遗效应aftereffect变态反应allergicreaction剂量-效应关系dose-effectrelationship最小有效量minimaleffectivedose最小有效浓度minimaleffectiveconcentration个体差异individualvariability效价强度potency构效关系structureactivityrelationship激动药agonist拮抗药antagonist配体门控离子通道受体ligandgatedionchannelreceptor第三章药物代谢动力学吸收absorption首关消除first-passelimination静脉注射intravenousinjection分布distribution生物转化biotransformation排泄excretion时量关系time-concentrationrelationship生物利用度bioavailability药物消除动力学过程eliminationkineticprocess一级消除动力学first-ordereliminationkinetics零级消除动力学zero-ordereliminationkinetics半衰期half-life表观分布容积apparentvolumeofdistribution总体清除率totalbodyclearance稳态浓度steady-stateconcentration第四章影响药物效应的因素和合理用药的原则控释剂controlledreleaseformulation缓释剂slowreleaseformulation耐受性tolerance耐药性resistance药物依赖性drugdependence相互作用interaction配伍禁忌incompatibility协同synergism拮抗antagonism第五章自主神经系统药理总论运动神经somaticmotornervoussystem自主神经autonomicnervoussystem胆碱能神经cholinergicnerve去甲肾上腺素能神经noradrenergicnerve乙酰胆碱acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcholinesterase摄取uptake单胺氧化酶mono-amineoxidase儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶catechol-O-methyltransferase第六章胆碱受体激动药毛果芸香碱pilocarpine烟碱nicotine第七章抗胆碱酯酶药及胆碱酯酶复活药抗胆碱酯酶药anticholinesteraseagents胆碱酯酶复活药cholinesterasereactivator新斯的明neostigmine有机磷酸酯类organophosphate碘解磷定pralidoximeiodine第八章M胆碱受体阻断药阿托品atropine山莨菪碱anisodamine东莨菪碱scopolamine第九章N胆碱受体阻断药琥珀胆碱suxamethonium筒箭毒碱d-tubocurarine第十章肾上腺素受体激动药去甲肾上腺素noradrenaline肾上腺素adrenaline多巴胺dopamine异丙肾上腺素isoprenaline第十一章肾上腺素受体阻断药肾上腺素受体阻断药adrenoceptorblockingdrugs酚妥拉明phentolamine肾上腺素作用翻转adrenalinereversal酚苄明phenoxybenzamine哌唑嗪prazosin普萘洛尔propranolol第十二章局部麻醉药表面麻醉suifaceanesthesia浸润麻醉infiltrationanesthesia传导麻醉conductionanesthesia蛛网膜下腔麻醉subarachnoidalanesthesia利多卡因lidocaine普鲁卡因procaine丁卡因tetracaine第十三章全身麻醉药吸入麻醉药inhalationalanesthetics氟烷halothane静脉麻醉intravenousanesthetics硫喷妥钠thiopentalsodium诱导麻醉inductionofanesthesia第十四章镇静催眠药地西泮Diazepam氯氮卓Chlordiazepoxide奥沙西泮Oxazepam硝西泮Nitrazepam艾司唑仑Estazolam苯巴比妥Phenobarbital水合氯醛Chloralhydrate第十五章抗癫痫药和抗惊厥药抗癫痫药antiepilepticdrugs苯妥英钠sodiumphenytoin苯巴比妥phenobarbital扑米酮primidone乙琥胺ethosuximide苯二氮卓类benzodiazepine卡马西平carbamazepine丙戊酸钠sodiumvalproate硫酸镁magnesiumsulfate第十六章抗中枢退行性疾病药左旋多巴levodopa,L-dopa卡比多巴Carbidopa司来吉米Selegiline硝替卡朋Nitecapone第十七章抗精神失常药抗精神病药antipsychoticdrugs抗躁狂药antimanicdrugs抗抑郁药antidepressivedrugs抗焦虑药antianxietydrugs吩噻嗪类phenothiazines硫杂蒽类thioxanthenes丁酰苯类butyrophenones氯丙嗪chlorpromazine氯氮平clozapine碳酸锂lithiumcarbonate丙米嗪imipramine第十八章镇痛药阿片opium吗啡morphine哌替啶pethidine美沙酮methadone喷他佐辛pentazocine芬太尼fentanyl第十九章解热镇痛抗炎药解热镇痛抗炎药antipyretic，analgesicsandanti-inflammatorydrugs非甾体抗炎药non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrugs花生四烯酸arachidonicacid阿司匹林aspirin非那西丁phenacetin乙酰氨基酚paracetamol保泰松phenylbutazone吲哚美辛indomethacin布洛芬brufen别嘌醇allopurinol丙磺舒probenecid秋水仙碱colchicines第二十章抗变态反应药组胺histamine抗组胺药antihistamines苯海拉明diphenhydramine异丙嗪promethazine阿司咪唑astemizole西咪替丁cimetidine雷尼替丁ranitidine5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptamine酮色林ketanserin昂丹司琼ondansetron第二十一章钙拮抗药钙拮抗药calciumantagonists电压依赖性钙通道voltagedependentCa2+channels受体调控性钙通道receptor-operatedCa2+channels第二信使活化钙通道secondmessengeroperatedCa2+channels机械活化钙通道mechanicallyoperatedCa2+channels硝苯地平nifedipine尼群地平nitrendipine地尔硫卓diltiazem维拉帕米verapamil第二十二章肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统肾素rennin血管紧张素原angiotensinogen血管紧张素转化酶angiotensinconvertingenzyme血管紧张素肽angiotensinpeptides血管紧张素受体angiotensinreceptor卡托普利captopril依那普利enalapril雷米普利ramipril第二十三章抗心律失常药心律失常arrhythmias奎尼丁Quinidine利多卡因Lidocaine普罗帕酮Propafenone胺碘酮Amiodarone维拉帕米Verapamil致心律失常作用proarrhythmia，arrhythmogenesis第二十四章抗慢性心功能不全药卡托普利Captopril氯沙坦Losartar美托洛尔metoprolol卡维地洛carvedilol地高辛Digoxin米力农Milrinone维司力农vesnarinone第二十五章抗心绞痛药心绞痛anginapectoris硝酸甘油nitroglycerin硝酸异山梨酯isosobidedinitrater戊四硝酯pentaerythrityltetranitrate普萘洛尔propranolol硝苯地平nifedipine维拉帕米verapamil地尔硫卓diltiazem卡维地洛carvedilol第二十六章调血脂药与抗动脉粥样硬化药胆固醇cholesterol三酰甘油triglyceride磷脂phospholipid游离脂肪酸freefattyacid胆固醇酯cholesterylester游离胆固醇freecholesterol总胆固醇totalcholesterol载脂蛋白apoprotein脂蛋白lipoprotein消胆胺cholestyramine,cholesteramineresin烟酸nicotinicacid普罗布考/丙丁酚probucol多烯脂肪酸类polyenoicfattyacids多不饱和脂肪酸类polyunsaturatedfattyacids二十碳五烯酸eicosapentaenoicacid二十二碳六烯酸docosahexaenoicacidα-亚麻酸α-linolenicacid亚油酸linolenicacidγ-亚麻酸γ-linolenicacid月见草油eveningprimroseoil亚油酸linolenicacid硫酸乙酰肝素heparansulfate硫酸皮肤素dermatansulfate硫酸软骨素chondroitinsulfate第二十七章抗高血压药个体化治疗方案individualizedtherapy氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide氨氯地平amlodipine卡托普利captopril氯沙坦losartan可乐定clonidine甲基多巴methyldopa莫索尼定moxonidine哌唑嗪prazosin肼屈嗪hydralazine米诺地尔minoxidil二氮嗪diazoxide硝普钠sodiumnitroprusside第二十八章利尿药及脱水药利尿药diuresisdrugs呋噻米furosemide阿米洛利amiloride螺内酯spironolactone乙酰唑胺acetazolamide氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide氨苯蝶啶triamterene第二十九章作用于血液和造血器官的药物肝素heparin鱼精蛋白protamin低分子量肝素lowmolacularweightheparin伊诺肝素enoxaparin水蛭素lepirudin双香豆素dicoumarin华法林warfarin枸橼酸钠sodiumCitrate阿司匹林aspirin利多格雷ridogrel依前列醇epoprostanol双嘧达莫dipyridamole噻氯匹定antigreg