英语语法填空十四军规

2015高考英语语法填空考点预测新东方在线李辉“Grammarisconfusing.Fortunately,LiHuiwilltellyousomewonderfultipswhichcanmakeiteasier(foryou)(toconquerEnglish).”（它们）这件事（什么事儿呢）fortune运气n.mistune不幸n.fortunate幸运的adj.unfortunate不幸的adj.fortunately幸运地；幸运的是adv.unfortunately不幸地；不幸的是adv.【语法填空十四条军规】一、如果一个句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，就是填谓语动词（考时态/被动/虚拟）JJ__is__(be)ugly.JJ__is__(be)uglybutistender.靠“关系”做语法题！【纯时态的】Aboyonabike__caught__(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.一般过去=讲故事！In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It__was_(be)unimaginable(thatitcouldeverbecleanedup).(Ontheirreturn)thefatheraskedhisson(toexplain)(whathehadlearnt).Theboy,(whohadremainedsilentanddeepinthought)(onthejourneyhome),_replied_(reply)inaway(thatshockedhisfather).Theboysaidhewantedtobecomeafarmer.Theydidn’ttakemanychancesintheirlives.Theyjust__followed___(follow)orders.Ihadtoaskforaleave(totakeJacktothehospital)(becausehe__hadcut___(cut)hisfinger).过去完成时=过去之前takeachance=takearisk=冒险askforaleave请假【被动】(1)Thenewgumcan_beremoved_(remove)easily(frompavements,shoesandclothes).(2)Butsomeonemusthavetakenthembecausethey’re_gone_(go).(3)Hermotherwasexcited．“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane_wasinformed_(inform).【虚拟】含义：你说出来的这句话，不是真实的，而是虚拟的！结构：在本来的时态上加一个did.这句话是虚拟出来的！IwishIwouldgotothemoon.[虚拟将来]willgo+did=wouldgoIwishIwereyou.[虚拟现在]am+did+wereIwishIhadarrivedearlier.[虚拟过去]arrived+did=hadarrived.Hewalkedintotheclassroomproudlyasifhe_hadbought_(buy)thewholeschool.Aretheythere?Oh,mygoodness.I_musthaveput_(put)theminthere(whenthephonerang).情态动词+havedone=描述过去！！！！musthavedone肯定做了某事吧can’thavedone不可能做了某事吧wouldhavedone本来会做某事couldhavedone本来能够做某事shouldhavedone本应该做某事mighthavedone本来有可能做某事注意：谓语动词=助动词+实义动词（1）will/shall+do（2）have/has/had+done（3）be+doing/done（4）情态动词+do/havedone二、如果一个句子已有谓语动词，且不是并列谓语动词时，所给动词要用非谓语形式，这时要根据句子所缺句子成分和所填单词含义来确定具体的非谓语形式。主动doing被动done要做、去做todo(未做)__Tocomplete_(complete)theprojectasfollowed,we’llhavetoworkfortwomorehoursperday.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused_tostop_(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept_riding_(ride).Thenewgumaddsaspecialpolymertomodify(修改，改变)itsproperties(特性),__making_(make)itfar__less__(little)sticky.Withtheproblem_solved_(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement.Theheadmasterwentintothemeetingroom,_followed_(follow)bysometeachers.注：如果非谓语前面有名词，则这个非谓语是在描述这个名词；如果非谓语前面没有名词，这个非谓语描述主句主语。Smiling,LiHuiwalkedin.微笑着，李辉走进来。Theskywaitingfortherain,Iamwaitingforyou.非谓语结构真正的句子Theskyiswaitingfortherain,andIamwaitingforyou.真正的句子and真正的句子三、如果有第三个动词提示词，可能变为其他词性（名词/动名词/形容词）“判形式，找相关！”介词后面跟名词！！！！！！！！！Whilethereare___amazing___(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe___changes___(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout_being_(be)lateforschool.ButJaneknew(frompastexperience)[thather___choices___(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather].Anewscientificstudyshowsthateducationcanaffectour_appearance_(appear)(morethanwehaverealized).I’mnotafraidof_beingcaught_(catch)bythepolice,becausetherewasnocopanywherearound.catchcatchingbecaughtbeingcaught【练习】例1.Thefirstcard_wasdesigned_(design)(byJ.C.Horsley)(asacommercialendeavor).例2.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_closed_(close)mybookandwalkedaway.例3.Allovertheworld,peoplemovefromplacetoplace.Moreandmorepeople__leave_(leave)townsandfarms(tomove)(tocities).This_moving_(move)tocitiesiscalledurbanization.例4.Smallercarsarejustoneofthedirections(thatthecarindustryistaking).Alsotheindustry_willproduce_(produce)cars(thatpollutelessandhavealessharmfuleffect)(ontheenvironment)(thesedays).描述趋势、描述未来例5.Nobodyknows(what_wouldhavehappened_)(happen)(ifshehadrefusedtopay).主过将完，从过完例6.Hisfear(offailure)kepthim(fromclassroomgames)(thatotherchildren_wereplaying_)(play)(withjoyousabandon).例7.Thehappiest(happy)ofpeopledon’tnecessarily(necessary)havethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat_comes__(come)alongtheirway.例8.Thecountrylife(hewasusedto)__haschanged__(change)greatlysincetheopeningpolicy改革开放政策.完成时+（since+过去时）例9.Theinternationalagreement,(intendedtoencouragechildrennottosmokeand__help__(help)peoplekickthehabit),__wassigned___(sign)onFebruary27lastsummer.intend的发出者只能是人，所以这里的agreement和intend只能是被动关系，故使用intend的过去分词形式：intended例10.Itisnotenoughonly_tomemorize_(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.例11.Youknow,__speaking_(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed.动名词作主语例12.__Tocomplete_(complete)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.例13.Theyoungstudentdidall(thathecould)_topass_(pass)theexaminations.例14.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,(whoaresmartandstrong-willed),areverylikely__tosucceed__(success).例15.Hesawthestone,_saying_(say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”例16.Therewillbeameeting,_starting_(start)laterthisyeartoreviewthefilm.例17.…….Lessons(_learned_(learn)insports)canhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.例18.At9:07pm,Sept.25,TheShenzhouVIIspacecraftwasliftedbythelongMarchⅡ-Fcarrierrocketintos