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Anglo-AmericanNewCriticism—ParadoxAmbiguityTensionIronyTheOutlineofPresentation•ThedefinitionoftheNewCriticism•ThedevelopmentofNewCriticismwithdifferenttimes•FourtypicalNewCriticalconceptsWhatistheNewCriticism?•NewCriticismwasadominanttendinEnglishandAmericanliterarycriticismofthemidtwentiethcentury,fromthe1920stotheearly1960s.Itsadherentswereemphaticintheiradvocacyoftheclosereadingandattentiontotextsthemselves,andtheirrejectionofcriticismbasedonextra-textualsources.•1910s:T.E.Hume&Pound(Americanpoet)T.S.Eliot(aproperNewcritic,TraditionandtheIndividualTalent)1920s:I.A.RichardsWilliamEmpson(astudentofRichards,SevenTypesofAmbiguity.ambiguity,irony,paradoxortension)1930s:hadbeenwellestablishedJohnCroweRanson(anotherkeyNewCriticwhogavetheNewCriticismitsname)1940s:ReacheditsheightAmbiguity—模棱两可TheintroductionofSongsofInnocence----WilliamBlake•AndIpluck’dahollowreed,•AndImadearuralpen,•AndIstain’dthewaterclear……Paradox—似是而非•我的生命结束前已结束过两次；•它还要等着看•永恒是否会向我展示第三次事件。•象前两次一样重大，一样令人心灰望绝。•离别，是我们对天堂体验的全部，•对地狱短缺的一切。Mylifeclosedtwicebeforeitsclose---EmilyDickson•Mylifeclosedtwicebeforeitsclose•Ityetremainstosee•IfImmortalityunveil•Athirdeventtome•Sohuge,sohopelesstoconceive•Asthesethattwicebefell.•Partingisallweknowofheaven,•AndallweneedofhellTension—张力•AndtheRaven,neverflitting,stillissitting,stillissitting•OnthepallidbustofPallasjustabovemychamberdoor;•Andhiseyeshavealltheseemingofademon'sthatisdreaming•Andthelamp-lighto'erhimstreamingthrowshisshadowsonthefloor;•AndmysoulfromoutthatshadowthatliesfloatingonthefloorShallbelifted--nevermore!•那乌鸦并没飞去，它仍然栖息，仍然栖息在房门上方那苍白的帕拉斯半身雕像上面；而它的眼光与正在做梦的魔鬼眼光一模一样，照在它身上的灯光把它的阴影投射在地板；而我的灵魂，会从那团在地板上漂浮的阴暗被擢升么——永不复还！Irony—口是心非•JonathanSwift•AModestProposal”•“Gulliver’sTravels”Thecommonplacewordsbecomepoignantbecauseofthesupportingcontext.Thankyou!