unit4 定语从句 上课用

定语从句什么是定语用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句。Thisisabigroom.Thewindowsoftheroomareopen.ThisisthebikethatIboughtyesterday.定语的位置Thisisaflowerbasket.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.为什么用定语从句当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。这是我的杯子Thisismycup.这是装满水的杯子。Thisisacupfullofwater.这是我喝茶用的杯子。ThisisacupwhichIdrinkteawith.ThisisthefilmthatIhaveseen.定语从句thefilm先行词that关系词Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.ThegirlThebookisaboutcomputers.IborrowedthebookfromTom.that/whichThebookthat/whichIborrowedfromTomisaboutcomputers.thebook合并下列句子为定语从句Youarereadingthebook.ThebookiswrittenbyLuxun.Thebookwhich/thatyouarereadingiswrittenbyLuxun.Theeggsarebad.Youboughtthem.Theeggsthat/whichyouboughtarebad.拆分下列各句为简单句Thehousesmustbethebetterones.Theyhavebeensoldout.Thehousesthathavebeensoldoutmustbethebetterones.Haveyouseenthehouse?Iboughtitlastyear.Haveyouseenthehousethat/whichIboughtlastyear?Theonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.1Theonemillionpeopleofthecitywenttobedasusualthatnight.2Theonemillionpeopleofthecitythoughtlittleoftheseevents.ItwasheardinBeijing,whichisonehundredkilometresaway.1ItwasheardinBeijing.2Beijingisonehundredkilometresaway.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.1Ahugecrackcutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.2Ahugecrackwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswide.ThenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorInjuredreachedmorethan400,000.1Thenumberofpeoplereachedmorethan400,000.2Anumberofpeoplewerekilledorinjured.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.1Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutpeopleandtoburythedead.2Thosepeopleweretrapped.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors.Thesurvivors’homeshadbeendestroyed.Haveatry指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.主语宾语定语宾语Haveatry5.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.6.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.定语宾语例1.Theman__________gaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.that/who指人:that/who(主语)例2:Theboy_________________thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.(who/whom/that)指人:who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)例3:Thecar________________isredwasdamagedyesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主语)例4:Thequestion_______________Idon’tunderstandisaboutgrammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)例5.Yesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman____husbanddiedinthataccident.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.thatB关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用whose,可理解为“…的”whose的用法可用ofwhich/whom代替,但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.thewindowofwhichofwhichthewindow1.Theteacherpraisedthestudent.2.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose=thestudent’s关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格先行词主格宾格所有格人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich/whom关系代词Titanicistheship___________sankafterhittinganiceberg.which/that__________ZhangGuorongisapopstar___________diedin2003.who/thatBeijingisthecityhasgotthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.____thecity/getthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGameswhich/thatYeXinisanursediedinthefightagainstSARS.anurse/dieinthefightagainstSARSwho/thatWhichbabyisJack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。ThebabytrousersareredisJack.ThebabyiswearingredtrousersisJack.whosewhoJackWhichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouseIknowthedoctor.Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.Iknowthedoctorwhosedaughterstudiesabroad.Haveyouseenmybook?Thebook’scoverisred.Haveyouseenmybookwhosecoverisred.121.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.whosewhosewhoseExercises:1.All_____weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.what3.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_____youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when4.Idon’tliketheway____youspeaktoher.A.thatB.inthatC.whoD.whose√√√√注：在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which（1）先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、lit