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-1-第65届联合国大会中国立场文件I.TheRoleoftheUnitedNations(UN)Theinternationalsituationcontinuestoundergoprofoundandcomplexchanges.Multi-polarityandeconomicglobalizationaredeepening.Peace,developmentandcooperationrepresentboththemorepowerfultrendofthetimesandthestrongeraspirationofthecountriesoftheworld.Worldeconomywitnessesaslow,unbalancedandmulti-speedrecovery.Globalissuessuchasclimatechange,energysecurityandpublichealtharestillprominentwithimbalancesindevelopmentbecomingevenworse.Regionalhotspotissueskeepemergingandlocaldisturbancescropupfromtimetotime,makingthesecuritysituationmorecomplexanddiverse.Therearemultipledestabilizingfactorsanduncertaintiesintheworld,posingahostofnewdifficultiesandchallengestoworldpeaceanddevelopment.TheUN,asthemostuniversal,representativeandauthoritativeinter-governmentalorganization,isthemostimportantplatformtopracticemultilateralism.Sinceitsfounding,theUNhasplayedasignificantandirreplaceableroleinupholdingworldpeace,promotingcommondevelopmentandfacilitatinginternationalcooperation.ChinaalwaysvaluesthestatusandroleoftheUNandupholdsthepurposesandprinciplesoftheCharteroftheUnitedNations.ChinasupportstheUN,underthecurrentcircumstances,infurtherharnessingitsadvantagesandtakingeffectiveactionstocoordinateinternationaleffortsinresponsetoglobalthreatsandchallengesandcontinuingtoplayacentralroleininternationalaffairs.一、联合国作用当前，国际形势继续发生深刻、复杂的变化。世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展。和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲，世界各国谋和平、求发展、促合作的愿望愈发强烈。世界经济缓慢复苏，但基础尚不牢固，表现并不均衡；气候变化、能源安全、公共卫生等全球性问题依然突出，发展不平衡问题更加严峻；地区热点问题此起彼伏，局部动荡时有发生，安全形势更趋复杂多元。国际形势中存在诸多不稳定不确定因素，世界和平与发展仍面临一系列新困难、新挑战。联合国作为最具普遍性、代表性和权威性的政府间国际组织，是实践多边主义最重要的舞台，自成立以来，为维护世界和平、促进共同发展、推动国际合作发挥了不可替代的重要作用。中国一贯重视联合国地位和作用，维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则。中国支持联合国在当前形势下进一步发挥自身优势，在协调国际努力，妥善应对全球性威胁与挑战方面采取有效行动，继续在国际事务中发挥核心作用。II.UNReformsChinasupportsnecessaryandreasonablereformsbytheUNinthelightofthedevelopmentsintheinternationalsituationtoenhanceitsauthorityandefficiencyandstrengthenitscapacitytocopewithnewthreatsandchallenges.ThereformsshouldleadtoincreasedvoiceandgreaterroleofdevelopingcountriesintheUNaffairs.Since2005,theUNhastakenaseriesofreformmeasuresandachievedimportantoutcomes.ButprogressthusfarstillfallsshortoftheexpectationsofMemberStates.TheUNreformsshouldbecomprehensiveandwide-ranginganddelivertangibleresultsinthethreemajorfieldsofsecurity,developmentandhumanrights.Goingforward,theinternationalcommunityshouldbuildontheexistingachievementsandadheretoextensiveanddemocraticconsultationasameanstopushforcomprehensivereformacrossthefields,withspecialattentiontoincreasingdevelopmentinputsoastoachievetheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsonscheduleforthebenefitofdevelopingcountries.-2-ReformoftheSecurityCouncilispartandparceloftheUNreforms.ChinasupportstheSecurityCouncilinenhancingitsauthorityandefficiencyandbetterfulfillingitsresponsibilitiesformaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecuritybestowedonitbytheCharteroftheUnitedNationsthroughreform.Thepriorityofthereformshouldbeincreasingtherepresentationofdevelopingcountries,Africancountriesinparticular.Itisimportanttocontinuetheextensiveanddemocraticconsultationtoaccommodatetheinterestsandconcernsofallparties,seekapackagesolutionandreachthebroadestpossibleconsensus.ChinaisreadytoworkwithallcountriestoensurethatthereformoftheSecurityCouncilwillbecarriedoutinawaythatservestheoverallinterestsoftheUNandthesolidarityofitsMemberStates.二、联合国改革中国支持联合国根据国际形势的发展，进行必要、合理的改革，提高联合国权威和效率，增强其应对新威胁、新挑战的能力。改革应提高发展中国家在联合国事务中的发言权，使之能发挥更大的作用。2005年以来，联合国采取了一系列改革措施，并取得重要成果，但同会员国期望相比仍有差距。联合国改革应是全方位、多领域的，在安全、发展、人权三大领域均有所建树。下阶段，国际社会应该在已有成果基础上，坚持通过民主、充分协商，全面推进各领域改革，特别是加大对发展领域的投入，推进如期实现千年发展目标，让广大发展中国家从中受益。安理会改革是联合国改革的重要组成部分。中方支持通过改革增强安理会的权威和效率，更好地履行《联合国宪章》赋予的维护国际和平与安全的职责。改革应优先增加发展中国家、特别是非洲国家的代表性。应继续通过广泛、民主协商，兼顾各方利益和关切，寻求“一揽子”改革方案，并达成最广泛一致。中国愿同各国共同努力，推动安理会改革朝有利于联合国整体利益和会员国团结的方向发展。III.SecuritySector1.UNPeacekeepingOperationsUNpeacekeepingoperationsareanimportantandeffectivemeansinmaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecurity.Thepeacekeepingoperations,withaneverexpandingscaleandbroadermandate,arefacingmoreandmorechallenges.ChinaisastrongsupporterofandactiveparticipantintheUNpeacekeepingoperations.ChinasupportsreasonableandinnovativereformofpeacekeepingoperationsonthebasisofthethreeprinciplesputforwardbytheformerUNSecretary-GeneralDagHammarskjold.Suchreformshouldprioritizestrategicdesigning,enhancecommunicationandcoordinationwiththehostcountries,improvelogisticsmechanisms,optimizeresourceallocationandincreasetheeffectivenessandefficiencyofpeacekeepingoperationsandtheleveloftheirdeployment,planningandmanagement.Atthesametime,thepartiesconcernedshouldplacegreateremphasisonbettercoordinationbetweenpeacekeeping,peacemakingandpeacebuilding.ChinacallsupontheUNtocontinuetoenhance,asapriority,cooperationwithregionalorganizationsinpeacekeeping,focusingon,inparticular,theneedsofAfricancountries.三、安全领域（一）联合国维和行动联合国维和行动是联合国维护国际和平与安全的重要、有效手段。当前，联合国维和行动规模不断扩大，授权日趋广泛，面临挑战也在增多。中国坚定支持并积极参与联合国维和行动，支持联合国维和行动在坚持“哈马舍尔德”维和三原则基础上，进行合理改革与创新，突出战略设计，加强与当事国沟通和协调，改进后勤工作机制，优化资源配置，提高维和行动的效率和效力及其部署、规划和管理的水平。各方也应更加重视维和行动与缔造和平、建设和平的衔接及统筹。中国呼吁联合国