,,ISO31000;;ISO31000(1979),,,2008;:,,,,,,(,,2009),,,,,,,,,,Downside-Risk,CAPM,,,()20801974Herstatt(FranklinNationalBank),,197591983,,19887,,,,,,,()(VaR)90,,,,,,VaR,Lo(1999),,,541©1994-2013ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.()2010,AIG,,,2010III,4%6%,215%215%,815%11%8%,,,,SEC,,,,,,:ISO31000,,,2009,ISO31000,,()ISO31000,,,();;,,()ISO31000,P-D-C-A,,,,,,,()ISO31000,(),ISO31000,,1.,.[M].:,20092.,.ISO31000()[M].(),2009641©1994-2013ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.