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高中英语课件（金戈铁骑整理制作）1.CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.population(1)对人口提问用what,不用howmany,howmuch。What’sthepopulationofthecity?这个城市有多少人口？(2)population作主语时用单数，但前有分数，小数，百分数时，谓语动词用复数。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.中国人口比美国人口多。80%ofthepopulationarefarmers.百分之80的人口是农民。(3)人口的增加或减少用grow(increase)和fall(decrease);人口的多少用large和small。ThepopulationofChina___large.And70%ofthepopulationofChina_____peasants.isarea.本句的主句是Scientistsbelieve，从句是that引导的宾语从句。b.宾语从句中which引导定语从句，修饰先行词___________。2.ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.landbridgemeansn.方式,手段(单复数相同)。Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried,butnonehasworked.Arethereanypossiblemeansofgettingthere?Somemeansarepracticalwhileothersarenot.◆联想记忆：1)bynomeans决不，一点也不Sheisbynomeanspoor;infact,sheisveryrich.2)bythismeans(inthisway);用这种方式bymeansof用……方式Hesucceededbymeansofhardwork.3)byallmeans当然可以,没问题--CanIseeit?--Byallmeans.[考例1]—CanIcomeandhavealookatyournewhouse?—Yes,___________!（浙江2011）A.withpleasureB.IlikeitC.IquiteagreeD.byallmeans[点拨]选D。答语意为：好的，当然可以。withpleasure乐意帮忙；Ilikeit我喜欢；Iquiteagree我非常同意；byallmeans当然可以。D[考例2]—DoyouthinktheirtabletennisteamwillwinthefirstplaceatthecomingAsianGames?—______.Oursismuchstrongerthantheirs.（江苏2010）A.OfcourseB.ItdependsC.Don’tmentionitD.BynomeansD[点拨]选D。句意为：“你认为他们的乒乓球队会在即将到来的亚运会上夺得第一名吗？”“绝对不会的。我们队比他们强得多。”其余三项：ofcourse当然，itdepends看情况，don’tmentionit别客气，均不符合语境。3.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,…majority大多数n.1)themajorityofthepeople:mostofthepeople大多数人2)majority常与a/the连用;most后接名词或of+n.Themajoritywere/wasfortheplan.Themajorityofthepeople/Mostpeople/Mostofthepeopleareagainsttheideaofbuildinganewfactoryhere.Themajority__________forthebudget.Themajorityofstudents____hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage___easytorepair.was/wereareis单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。a/themajorityof+n.后可用不可数名词，也可用可数名词复数，谓语动词由后面的名词决定。4.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcenturywhentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtooktheirland.16世纪早期,西班牙士兵到达南美洲,这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。fightfor为事业,自由,真理,权利等而斗争(战斗)fightfor,fightagainst&fightwithTheyarefightingforfreedom.他们正为自由而战。fightagainst(可用with)theenemy“为反对……而斗争”；接人和国家名词，意思是“与……战斗”fightwithsb.也可表示与某人并肩作战fightawar/battle打一场战争5.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.makealife开始新的生活Theygotobigcitiestomakealife.关于life的短语：earn/make/getaliving谋生lead/livea...life过着......的生活6.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,…[分析]a.itisbelievedthat...表示“人们认为……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。b.so...that...如此……以至于……，其中that引导结果状语从句。mixvt./vi.混合、掺和(combine…sothattheycan’tbeseparated)mixAwithB1)Hemixedredpaintwithyellowpainttomakeorangepaint.2)Itisbettertomixworkwithpleasure.3)Oildoesn’tmixwithwater.油和水不相交融。◆联想记忆：mixture混合物mixed混合的,复杂的,男女混合的Thecityisamixtureofancientandmodernbuildings.Hearingthenews,Ihadmixedfeelings.Amixedsocietyincludespeopleofdifferentclasses,tastes,etc.1)Heisfamousfor________Chinesetraditionalmusic_____westernperformanceformsandinstruments.2)MissXu__________myresultswithsomeoneelse’s.mixingwithmixedupnationality国籍,民族1)—Whatisyournationality?—I’mChinese.2)totakeAmericannationality加入美国国籍zxxk7.…,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.阅读下列句子，观察keepup在句中的意思。1.Todaythepeopleinthevillagestillkeepuptheiroriginalculture.2.Thesnowstormkeptupforfivedays.沿袭（风俗、传统等）保持，持续3.Thosehousesaresostronglybuiltthattheywouldkeepupeveninaviolentearthquake.4.Iseeyou’regettingalongwellwithyourEnglishstudies.Splendid!Youmustkeepupthegoodwork.坚持，维持坚持，维持keepupwith跟上，不落在……后面；了解；保持联系keepoff挡住；（使）避开keepon继续（干）；坚持（干）1.Theycouldnotkeepupwithuswhenweclimbedthemountain.2.Sheheldanoldpieceofclothoverthembothtokeeptherainoff.3.Youjusthavetokeepontrying.选用以上短语的适当形式填空。1.Insomeparks,visitorsarerequestedto__________thegrass.2.Let’shopethesunnyweather________forSaturday’stennismatch.keepoffkeepsup1.ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.[分析]a.本句是一个主从复合句,也是个倒装句。b.主句是__________________,从句是when引导的宾语从句。c.在宾语从句中,what引导的从句作介词in的宾语。noonereallyknows[考点]exactly精确地，恰好，完全。可构成notexactly，表示“一点也不，不完全是”。[考例]—Soyougaveheryourphone?—______,shesaidshe’dreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordherown.（2011大纲全国卷）A.MypleasureB.NotexactlyC.NodoubtD.Allright[点拨]选B。答语意为：也不完全是，她说等她能买上自己的手机时就会把它还给我。mypleasure不客气；nodoubt毫无疑问；allright好的。2.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.[考点]此句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。另外,what,how,where,who等也常用作主语从句的引导词。[考例1]______isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(浙江2006)A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It[点拨]it是形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句，作真正的主语。[考例2]______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.(上海2007)A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where[点拨]分析句子结构可知，谓语动词was前是主语从句，主语从句中的谓语动词referredto后缺宾语，故用what引导。3.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstor