虚拟语气1含山县职教中心2016-2017学年度第二学期教师公开示范课教案公开课教师:周静公开课时间:2017年2月23日上午第二节课公开课地点:高三计算机2班虚拟语气2SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气专题复习一.教学目标:虚拟语气是高考的重点,且难度较大。本次课程通过对虚拟语气知识点的复习讲解,总结概括,让学生知道虚拟语气是用来表示人的主观的愿望和假想,达到学生对知识点的熟练运用,在脑海中形成具有条理性的知识框架的目的。二.教材分析:虚拟语气是高考英语重点和难点,掌握好虚拟语气的重要性对每个参加高考的学生不言而喻。这次课程是高三第一轮复习时对虚拟语气的再次讲解和梳理,全部的知识都经过了高度的总结合概括,均是高考考点。三.学生特征分析:辅导的学生是高三年级,刻苦努力,理解能力较强,有一定的基础。基本知识掌握一般,且很多重要的知识点已经遗忘四.教学重点难点:1、真实条件句和非真实条件句的用法。2、虚拟语气用在主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,定语从句中的用法。3、情态动词+have+done的用法。五.教学过程一.定义:虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测,建议等含义。虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中1.概念真实条件句:表示现实或可能变为现实的条件。非真实条件句:表示非现实的,或不可能,或不大可能变为现实的条件。e.g.①Iwillgofishingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.②IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.2.形式虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式(be动词用were)should/would/could/might+do与过去事实相反had+doneshould/would/could/might+have+done与将来事实相反①动词过去式②should+do③wereto+doshould/would/could/might+doe.g.①Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.②Ifhecametomorrow,wecouldaskhim.虚拟语气3练习:①Ifyou____(take)myadvice,you______(notfail)intheexamslastterm.②Ifit____(rain)tomorrow,thesportsmeeting______(putoff).③Ifeveryone____(know)firstaid,manylives______(save).3.重点:混合虚拟语气和含蓄虚拟语气以及虚拟语气的倒装1)有些句子主句谓语和从句谓语表示的动作在时间上并不一致,这类句子称为“错综时间条件句”。①Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.②Ifhehadn’tfollowedmyadvice,hewouldn’tdoitmuchbetterlikethis.2)含蓄条件句指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其它手段来暗示存在的虚拟条件,如butfor,with,without,otherwise,but等。①Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthework.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,……②Imighthavegivenyourmorehelp,butIwastoobusy.③Suchathingwouldn’thavehappenedelsewhere.④Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthemeeting.3)如条件句中有were,had,should,可把if省略掉,把were,had,should提前,变为倒装句式。e.g.Ifwehadmadeagreateffort,wemighthavesucceeded.→Hadwemadeagreateffort,wemighthavesucceeded.▲注意:若条件句的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式。e.g.Ifitweren’tfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.→Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.三.虚拟语气其它用法1.用于宾语从句中1)wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。谓语形式:过去式(宾语从句动作与wish同时)had+done(宾语从句动作先于wish)could/would/might+do(宾语从句动作后于wish)e.g.①Iwish(that)Iwereaflyingbird.②Iwish(that)Ihadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.③Iwishhewouldtryagain.2)省去主句的条件句常用ifonly引导,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。谓语形式:谓语用过去式(与现在事实相反)谓语用haddone(与过去事实相反)谓语用could/would/might+do(与将来事实相反)e.g.①Ifonlyhewerehere.②Ifonlytherainwouldstop.虚拟语气43)asif/asthough用在虚拟语气中。asif/asthough引导表语从句与方式状语从句皆可,谓语形式:过去式(从句动作与主句动作同时发生)haddone(从句动作先于主句动作)could/would/might+do(从句动作后于主句动作)e.g.①Helooksasifhewereapopstar.②TheytalkedaboutL.A.asiftheyhadbeenthere.4)wouldrather后的宾语从句用过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反,用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。e.g.①I’dratheryouwenthomenow.②I’dratheryouhadn’tmadethatmistake.2.用于表示建议、命令等词后的宾语从句中,如demand,order,require,insist,suggest,propose,advise等。宾语从句的虚拟语气结构为:(should)+doe.g.Heorderedthattheboy(should)gowithhim.▲注意:当suggest作“暗示;表明”讲,insist作“坚持说;坚持认为”讲,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。e.g.①Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasangry.②Mikeinsistedthathehadneverstolenanything.3.用于主语从句中Itissuggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/desired+that从句Itisapity/ashame/nowonder+that从句主语从句的虚拟语气结构为:(should)+do(表达说话者“惊讶、遗憾、应该”等语气)e.g.Itwasapitythatourteamshouldlosethegame.▲注意:以上句式也可用陈述语气。e.g.It’sstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.4.用于表语从句和同位语从句中在名词advice,order,suggestion,request,proposal,plan,idea等后边that引导的同位语从句,或这些名词作主语时后面that引导的表语从句中,虚拟语气结构为:(should)+doe.g.①Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)giveuptheplan.②Myideaisthathe(should)acceptthejob.5.用于定语从句中Itis(high)time+that从句,从句谓语形式用过去式,或should+do(should不可省略)。e.g.Itishightimewestarted(shouldstart)out.四.SummaryandHomework五.教学反思