高考英语独立主格结构精讲精练

第1页共10页高考英语独立主格结构讲练与链接独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。该结构不是句子，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化，它与其主句之间不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导，常用逗号与其主句隔开。独立主格内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。一、独立主格结构的构成形式1、逻辑主语+V-ing1.__________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.TherebeingB.BeingC.HavingbeenD.Therewas2._______nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.AstherebeingB.AstherewasC.BeingD.Therewas3._______Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'topen.A.BeingB.TherebeingC.ItbeingD.Havingbeen4.______Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'topen.A.AsitbeingB.BeingC.ItisD.Asitis2、逻辑主语+V-ed1._________,thetrainstarte.A.ThesignalgivenB.GivingthesignalC.ThesignalbeinggivenD.Thesignalgiving2.__________,thetrainstarted.A.AfterhavinggiventhesignalB.AfterthesignalgivenC.GivingthesignalD.Afterthesignalwasgiven3._________,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.A.ExplainingnewwordsB.NewwordsexplainedC.BeingexplainednewwordsD.Havingexplainednewwords4.______________,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.A.WhennewwordswereexplainedB.ExplainingnewwordsC.NewwordsexplainingD.Beingexplainednewwords3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。如：(1).Heenteredtheroom,hisnoseredwithcold.(2).Hesatinthefrontrow,hismouthhalfopen.(3).Dinnerover,wedecidedtoplaybridge.(4).Fatheraway,heplayedgameswithhisfriends.1.___________,thepatientcanleavethehospital.第2页共10页A.BetterconditionsB.ConditionsbetterC.ConditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions2._________,thepatientcanleavethehospital.A.IfbetterconditionsB.IfconditionsbetterC.IfconditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions3.________,we’dliketogoouting.A.BeingSundayB.SundayOKC.SundayisOKD.IfSundayOK4.___________,we’dliketogoouting.A.IfSundayisOKB.SundaybeingOKC.SundayOKD.A,BandC5._________,youcanwaitawhile.A.TheplaybeingstillonB.TheplaystillonCBeingstillontheplayD.AandB6._________,soyoucanwaitawhileA.TheplayisstillonB.TheplaybeingstillonC.AstheplayisstillonD.Theplaystillon4、逻辑主语+介词短语该结构相当于不带动词的“主—系—介词短语”结构。如：(1).Bookinhand,MrSmithcamein.(2).Gunonshoulder,thesoldiersaremarchingon.1.Theboyfollowedthenoblemanhere,___________.A.aswordinhandB.aswordinhishandC.beingaswordinhandD.swordinhand2.Theboyfollowedthenoblemanhere___________.A.withaswordinhishandB.withaswordinhandC.withaswordbeinginhandD.aswordbeinginhand3.Helefttheoffice,__________.A.tearsbeingineyesB.tearsineyesC.beingtearsineyesD.withtearsbeingineyes4.Helefttheoffice__________.A.withtearsbeingineyesB.withtearsinhiseyesC.beingtearsineyesD.tearsbeingineyes5、逻辑主语+名词(1).Thedoctorhastwodaughters,oneanurse,theotheranengineer.二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：1、原因状语第3页共10页该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。如：1).________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.TherebeingB.AstherewasC.TherewasD.AandB2)._________Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'topen.A.ItbeingB.AsitisC.BeingD.AandB3).____________,Ihadtoaskfortwodays’leave.A.MotherbeingillB.MotherillC.AsmotherwasillD.A,BandC4).____________,wehavetoworklateintothenight.A.TheexamnearB.TheexambeingnearC.AstheexamisnearD.A,BandC2、时间状语独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when,assoonas,after等引导的时间状语从句。如：1).__________,thetrainstarted.A.ThesignalgivenB.AfterthesignalwasgivenC.GiventhesignalD.AandB2).__________,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.A.NewwordsexplainedB.WhennewwordswereexplainedC.WhenteacherexplainednewwordsD.allabove3、条件状语独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如：1).___________,we'llgotovisittheGreatWall.A.WeatherpermittingB.IfweatherpermitsC.IfpermittingD.AandB2)._________,thepatientwillrecoverhimselfsoon.A.IfthetreatmentisintimeB.ThetreatmentintimeC.ThetreatmentbeingintimeD.A,BandC4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：1).Wehavelessonseveryday,___________.A.SundayincludedB.SundayincludingC.SundayisincludingD.alltheabove2).Theboyfellasleep,___________.A.caponheadB.withacaponheadC.acapwasonheadD.alltheabove3).Fathercamehome,_________A.adogfollowinghimB.adogfollowedhimC.beingfollowedbyadogD.alltheabove第4页共10页With复合结构1、原因状语1.Withtheman______usahead,wehadnotroublefindingthevillage.A.toguideB.guidingC.guidedD.tohaveguide2.Withalotofwork_____,shedoesn’thavetimetorest.A.todoB.tobedoneC.doingD.done3.Withthemachine_____allthetime,wefinishedharvestingcropsintime.A.toworkB.workedC.workingD.beingworking2、时间状语1.Thestreetlooksmorebeautifulwithallthelights_____.A.areonB.onC.tobeonD.beenon2.Withourproblem________,weallfelthappy.A.tosettleB.tobesettledC.settledD.beingsettled3.Withhiswork______,thesecretarybegantowalkhome.A.todoB.doingC.doneD.tobedone3、伴随状语1.Shelefttheofficeswithtears________.A.inhereyesB.ineyesC.beingineyesD.tobeineyes2.Themanfoundthedoorwithbothhiseyes______.A.tobeclosedB.beingclosedC.closedD.closing3.Wefeltuncomfortablewithtwowaitresses_______.A.standingbyB.tobestandingbyC.stoodbyD.beingstandingby4.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands________.A.tobetiedbehindB.tiedbehindC.tyingbehindD.beingtiedbehind5.Youcan’tseewell________.A.withtheglassesonB.beingontheglassesC.withtheglassestobeonD.withtheglasses4、后置定语1.Doyouknowtheman______abookinhishand?A.withB.havingC.beingD.AandB2.Pleaseofferyourseattothewoman_____ababyinherarms.A.carryingB.havingC.withD.alltheabove第5页共10页分词、独立主格和“with+复合宾语”作状语的区别分词结构、独立主格结构、with+复合宾语结构在句中均可作状语，其区别是这样的：一、分词在句中作状语时句子的主语是分词的逻辑主语，即主句主语是分词的动作执行者（用现在分词）或动作承受者（用过去分词或现在分词被动式）。这种