实用文案标准文档十六完形填空【母题来源】【2016·北京】【母题原题】【2016·北京】完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。ARaceAgainstDeathItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNorthAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch36aSickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(传染的)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe37ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown`s39wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn’tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn’ttravelonthe40roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidn’texistyet.41January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twemtymorewere42.Nome`stownofficialscameupwitha(n)43.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas“mushers”—would45ittoNomeinarelay(接力).TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon`sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto47afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost48partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwith实用文案标准文档ice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould49,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsonwblockedhis50.Hehadtoleavethetrail(雪橇痕迹)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen’sleaddog,Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto53.Hehadfoundthetrail.At5:30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhisdog54inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.Nomehadbeen55.36.A.examinedB.warnedC.interviewedD.cured37.A.harmlessB.helplessC.fearlessD.careless38.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However39.A.airportB.stationC.harborD.border40.A.narrowB.snowyC.busyD.dirty41.A.FromB.OnC.ByD.After42.A.tiredB.upsetC.paleD.sick43.A.planB.excuseC.messageD.topic44.A.airB.railC.seaD.road45.A.carryB.returnC.mailD.give46.A.ThoughB.SinceC.WhenD.If47.A.enterB.moveC.visitD.cross48.A.shamefulB.boringC.dangerousD.foolish49.A.escapeB.bleedC.swimD.die50.A.memoryB.exitC.wayD.destination51.A.findB.fixC.passD.change52.A.pretendingB.tryingC.askingD.learning实用文案标准文档53.A.runB.leaveC.biteD.play54.A.gatheredB.stayedC.campedD.arrived55.A.controlledB.savedC.foundedD.developed【答案】36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B41.C42.D43.A44.B45.A46.C47.D48.C49.D50.C51.A52.B53.A54.D55.B【解析】37.B考查形容词辨析。A.harmless无害的;B.helpless无望的;C.fearless不怕的;D.careless粗心的。如果白喉肆虐诺姆,那里的孩子们都将面临死亡,故选B。38.D考查副词辨析。A.Moreover而且;B.Therefore因此;C.Otherwise否则;D.However然而。然而,最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多里,前后是转折关系,故选D。39.C考查名词辨析。A.airport机场;B.station车站;C.harbor港口;D.border边境。根据“soitcouldn’tcomebyship”可知,这里指港口结冰,故选C。40.B考查形容词辨析。A.narrow狭窄的;B.snowy被雪覆盖的;C.busy繁忙的;D.dirty脏的。根据第一段可知,大雪覆盖了道路,汽车和马都不能通行,故选B。41.C考查介词辨析。A.From从,自;B.On在......上面;C.By通过,在......之前;D.After在......之后。by+时间,与完成时连用,后跟过去的时间,用过去完成时;跟将来的时间,用将来完成时,故选C。42.D考查形容词辨析。A.tired劳累的;B.upset难过的;C.pale苍白的;D.sick生病的。四个孩子相继去世,还有20几个患病,故选D。43.A考查名词辨析。A.plan计划;B.excuse借口;C.message信息;D.topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划,故选A。44.B考查名词辨析。A.air空气;B.rail栏杆,铁轨;C.sea海洋;D.road道路。根据下一段“fromthetrainatNenana”可知,药物被用火车运到Nenana,故选B。45.A考查动词辨析。A.carry运送,携带;B.return返回,归还;C.mail邮寄;D.give给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆,故选A。实用文案标准文档46.C考查时间状语从句。A.Though虽然;B.Since因为,自从;C.When当;D.If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时,他的脸已经被冻得乌青,故选C。47.D考查动词辨析。A.enter进入;B.move移动;C.visit拜访;D.cross穿过。根据“NortonSoundwascoveredwithice”可知,NortonSound是一片冰冻的水域,Seppala必须穿过这片水域,故选D。48.C考查形容词辨析。A.shameful惭愧的;B.boring令人厌烦的;C.dangerous危险的;D.foolish愚蠢的。根据“whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning”可知,这是旅途最难的一部分,故选C。49.D考查动词辨析。A.escape逃跑;B.bleed流血;C.swim游泳;D.die死亡。如果掉进寒冷的水中,Seppala会被冻死,诺姆的病童们也会去世,故选D。50.C考查名词辨析。A.memory记忆;B.exit出口;C.way道路;D.destination目的地。根据下一句可知,有的地方被大雪挡住了去路,Seppala不得不绕道行驶,故选C。51.A考查动词辨析。A.find找到;B.fix固定,安装;C.pass通过;D.change改变。当时的天气状况极差,Seppala找到雪橇轨道是不可能的,只能靠他的狗,故选A。52.B考查动词辨析。A.pretending假装;B.trying努力;C.asking问,要求;D.learning学会。Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道,故选B。考点:人物故事类短文阅读【名师点睛】完型填空题的命题特点及答题方法:1.侧重基础知识,考查学生语言知识的能力完型填空以文入手,结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识,主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力,其中考查实词居多。2.上下文对照,考查学生捕捉关键词的能力解完型填空题时,单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的,需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照,即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此,在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力,捕捉关键词。例如第39空:A.airport机场;实用文案标准文档B.station车站;C.harbor港口;D.border边境。根据“soitcouldn’tcomebyship”可知,这里指港口结冰,故选C。3.设置语境,考查学生的分析推理能力旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。4.结合生活,考查学生利用常识题的能力目的考查学生的生活常识,看看学生是否善于观察生活,积累生活常识,能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。5.关注连词,考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想,通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系,是否了解行文逻辑的要求,能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。例如第46空:A.Though虽然;B.Since因为,自从;C.When当;D.If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时,他的脸已经被冻得乌青,故选C。【命题意图】完形填空的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点,以篇章理解为基础,考核学生的语法知识和对词汇的运用能力。【考试方向】这类试题在考查题型上,通常基本以记叙文和夹叙夹议类文章为主,文章词数250-