中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第17讲There_be句型与中考试题★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授研究组提供中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第17讲Therebe句型与中考试题Therebe句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)有某人(或某物)”,其形式为“Therebe+代词或名词(短语)+地点/时间状语”。这里there是引导词,没有词义,be是谓语动词,代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not;一般疑问句是将be放在句首;反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)+there”构成。例如:1.Thereisadeskandtwochairsintheroom.(紧挨着be动词的主语是adesk,是单数,故be的形式要用is)2.Therearen'ttwochairsandadeskintheroom.(否定句)3.Isthereanythingwrongwithyourears?(Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.)4.Therewasn'tameetingyesterday,wasthere?(反意疑问句)除此之外,还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”,要用“Therebe+sb.+doingsth.+地点/时间状语”。例如:Thereareseveralchildrenswimmingintheriver.河里有几个孩子在游泳。Therebe结构中常见的时态有如下几种情况:通过上表可知:各种时态的变化是通过be动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错,首要的问题是弄清楚Therebe与have所表示的意义。Therebe句型表示“存在”关系,have表示“所属”关系,两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如,要说“明天有一个班会。”(1)Therewillhaveaclassmeetingtomorrow.(×)(2)Thereisgoingto/willbeaclassmeetingtomorrow.(√)有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种都可以用。例如:ClassThreehaveamapofChinaonthewall.(“地图”为三班学生所有)ThereisamapofChinaonthewallinClassThree.(“地图”存在于三班)由此看来,Therewillhave是错误的。复习Therebe句型时除了掌握基础知识外,还应注意以下问题:1.Therebe句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的,即主谓的一致性。例如:(1)Thereis_____onthefloor.(2)Thereare_____onthefloor.选项:A.catB.waterC.boxesD.football解析:(1)由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词,而A、D项中都缺少冠词a,故选B,同理可知(2)应选C。2.如果作主语的是一个短语,则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any,some,few,afew,many或用数词+hundred/thousand/million,hundreds/thousands/millionsof,no等修饰;不可数名词可以受any,some,no,little,alittle,much等词的修饰。例如:(1)Therewere_____studentsinourschool.A.hundredsB.eighthundredC.eighthundredsof(2)Thereis_____water.Youneedn'tgetsomemore.A.fewB.littleC.much解析:(1)由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B,(2)由water可知排除A项,再由后一句意思便知选C。3.注意不定代词的用法。(1)不定代词在句中作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:Thereisnothinginthefridge.(2)不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如:Thereissomethinginterestingintoday'snewspaper.4.Therebe句型的反意疑问句,要注意陈述部分的形式。如果陈述部分含有little,few,no,nobody,none等否定词时,后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如:Thereisnobodyintheroom,isthere?但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如:Thereissomethingunusualintheroom,isn'tthere?5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。有的句子单独看其意义时,可能不止一个选项适合于它,但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如:(1)Thereis_____food.Youneedn'tbuyany.(2)Thereis_____food.Youhavetobuysome.(A.anyB.someC.no)从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no,但与后面的句意结合看,答案则是唯一的:(1)B,(2)C。Therebe句型命题趋向有两个方面:一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型,即“Therebe+sb.+doingsth.+地点/时间状语”。下面是一些英语中考试题原题:1.Thereare_____daysinaweek.A.thesevenB.seventhC.theseventhD.seven2.Therearefew_____inthefridge.Let'sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.eggs3.Look!Therearesome_____onthefloor.A.childB.waterC.boxesD.girl4.Thereweretwo_____peopleatyesterday'smeeting.A.hundredsB.hundredsofC.hundred5.Theletterfrommyunclewasshort.Therewasn't_____news.A.manyB.afewC.muchD.few6.—Oh,thereisn'tenough_____forusinthelift.—Itdoesn'tmatter,let'swaitforthenext.A.groundB.floorC.placeD.room7.There_____anEnglishEveningnextTuesday.A.wasB.willbeC.willhaveD.aregoingtobe8.There_____afootballgameinourschool.A.hasB.willhaveC.willbe9.Thereisgoingto_____areport_____Chinesehistoryinourschoolthisevening.A.have;onB.be;onC.have;forD.be;of10.Thereis_____foodhere.We'llhavetobuysome.A.anyB.someC.no11.Thereis_____inthebag.It'sempty.A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.somebody12.Thereis_____knockingatthedoor.Goandseewhoitis.A.nobodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.everybody13.—Isthere_____wrongwithme,doctor?—I'mafraidso.Yourheartisbeatingabittooslow.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing14.Thereis_____interestingonthischannel.Tryothers.A.nothingB.noneC.anythingD.no15.Thereis_____interestinginthefilm,so_____isinterestedinit.A.something;nobodyB.nothing;somebodyC.anything;anybodyD.nothing;nobody16.Thereis_____intoday'snewspaper.A.nothingnewB.anythingnewC.newanythingD.newsomething17.Thereis_____intoday'snewspaper.A.newanythingB.newsomethingC.anythingnewD.somethingnew18.Therewillbeavolleyballmatchinourschool,_____?A.bethereB.isthereC.willthereD.won'tthere19.Thereislittlewaterinthebottle.(改为反意疑问句)Thereislittlewaterinthebottle,__________?20.Thereissomethingunusualontheisland.(改为反意疑问句)Thereissomethingunusualontheisland,__________?Key:●Therebe句型与中考试题1—5DACCC6—10DBCBC11—15ABBAD16—18ADD19.isthere20.isn'tthere1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官动词)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump2(比较级and比较级)表示越来越怎么样3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟(容易)补:aplaceofinterest名胜4agreewithsb赞成某人5allkindsof各种各样akindof一样6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界7alongwith同……一道,伴随……eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers学生同老师们一起种树8Assoonas一怎么样就怎么样9asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg:askyouformybook11asksbforsth向某人什么12asksbtodosth询问某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事13attheageof在……岁时eg:IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen14atthebeginningof…………的起初;……的开始15attheendof+地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候补:atleast至少17be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetest18be+doing表:1现在进行时2将来时19beableto(+v原)=can(+v原)能够……eg:SheisabletosingShecansing补:baseon以…(为)根据20beabletodosth能够干什么eg:sheisabletosing21beafraidtodo(o