中考英语重点词汇和句型用法总结1.提建议的句子:①What/howabout+doingsth.?如:What/Howaboutgoingshopping?②Whydon’tyou+dosth.?如:Whydon’tyougoshopping?③Whynot+dosth.?如:Whynotgoshopping?④Let’s+dosth.如:Let’sgoshopping⑤Shallwe/I+dosth.?如:Shallwe/Igoshopping?2.firstofall首先.tobeginwith一开始lateron后来、随3.also也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中间either也(用于否定句)常在句末too也(用于肯定句)常在句末4.seesb./sth.doing看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生seesb./sth.do看见某人做了或经常做某事如:Shesawhimdrawingapictureintheclassroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。5.toomany许多修饰可数名词如:toomanygirlstoomuch许多修饰不可数名词如:toomuchmilkmuchtoo太修饰形容词如:muchtoobeautiful6.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事否定形式:didn’tusetodosth.usednottodosth.如:Heusedtoplayfootballafterschool.放学后他过去常常踢足球。Didheusetoplayfootball?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Hedidn’tusetosmoke.他过去不吸烟。7.反意疑问句①肯定陈述句+否定提问如:Lilyisastudent,isn’tshe?LilywillgotoChina,won’tshe?②否定陈述句+肯定提问如:Shedoesn’tcomefromChina,doesshe?Youhaven’tfinishedhomework,haveyou?③提问部分用代词而不用名词Lilyisastudent,isn’tshe?④陈述句中含有否定意义的词,如:little,few,never,nothing,hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。如:HeknowslittleEnglish,doeshe?他一点也不懂英语,不是吗?Theyhardlyunderstoodit,didthey?他们几乎不明白,不是吗?8.beinterestedinsth.对…感兴趣takeaninterestinbeinterestedindoingsth.对做…感兴趣如:Heisinterestedinmath,butheisn’tinterestedinspeakingEnglish.他对数学感兴趣,但是他对说英语不感兴趣。9.interestedadj.感兴趣的,指人对某事物感兴趣,往往主语是人interestingadj.有趣的,指某事物/某人具有趣味,主语往往是物10.inthelastfewyears.在过去的几年内常与完成时连用如:IhavelivedinChinainthelastfewyears.在过去的几年内我在中国住。11.howtoswim怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用:动词不定式可以和what,which,how,where,when等引导的疑问句连用,构成不定工短语。如:Thequestioniswhentostart.问题是什么时候开始。Idon’tknowwheretogo.我不知道去哪。Idon`tknowwhattodonext..我不知道下一步做什么。12.makesb./sth.+形容词makeyouhappymakesb./sth.+动词原形makehimlaugh13.itseemsthat+从句Itseems+adj……Itseem+tobe看起来好像……如:Itseemsthathehaschangedalot.看起来他好像变了许多。14.看起来好像…sb.seemtodosth.Heseemstofeelverysad.itseemsthat+从句Itseemsthathefeelsverysad.他看起来好像很伤心。系动词不能独立作谓语,要和表语一起构成谓语常用的连系动词有:look,feel,be,become,get,turn,smell,taste,stay(保持),kept等。连系动词除be和become等少数词可接名词作表语外,一般都是接形容词。如:Theyareveryhappy.Hebecameadoctortwoyearsago.Shefeltverytired.15.helpsb.withsth.帮某人某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮某人做某事helpsbout帮某人摆脱困难helpdosth帮助做某事helpwithsth.如:Theyhelpwiththisproblem.ShehelpedmewithEnglish.她帮助我学英语。Shehelpedme(to)studyEnglish。她帮助我学习英语。Theyhelpyourelax.他们帮助你放松16.fifteen-year-old作形容词15岁的fifteen-year-olds作名词指15岁的人fifteenyearsold指年龄15岁如:afifteen-year-oldboy一个15岁的男孩Fifteen-year-oldsliketosing.15岁的人喜欢唱歌。Iamfifteenyearsold.我是15岁。17.不再①nomore==nolonger如:Iplaytennisnomore/longer.我不再打网球。②not…anymore==not…anylonger如:18.语态:①英语有两种语态:主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Catseatfish.(主动语态)猫吃鱼。Fishiseatenbycats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。②被动语态的构成由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在时amare+过去分词isEnglishisspokeninmanycountries.一般过去时was+过去分词were+过去分词Thisbridgewasbuiltin1989.情态动词can/shouldmay+be+过去分词must/……Theworkmustbedonerightnow.③被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。19.allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事(主动语态)如:MotherallowsmetowatchTVeverynight.妈妈允许我每晚看电视。beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事(被动语态)如:LiLyisallowedtogotoQinzhou.莉莉被允许去钦州。Sb.allowdoingsth.某人允许做某事20.gettheirearspierced穿耳洞让/使(别人)做某事getsth.done(过去分词)havesth.done如:Igetmycarrepaired.==Ihavemycarrepaired.我让别人修好我的车21.enough足够形容词+enough如:beautifulenough足够漂亮enough+名词如:enoughfood足够食物enoughto足够…去做…如:IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.她够大去读书了。22.倒装句:So+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语意为:…也是一样So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词是呀,表示赞同别人的观点(陈述语序)Neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语…也不一样(用于否定句)eg.HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.It’safineday.Soitis.Shedoesn’tlikeeggs.NeitherdoI.Sheisastudent.SoamI.她是一个学生,我也是。Shewenttoschooljustnow.SodidI.她刚才去学校了,我也是Shehasfinishedthework.SohaveI.她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。Shewillgotoschool.Sowillhe.她将去学校,他也是。23.takethetest参加考试passthetest通过考试failatest考试失败24.haveanopportunitytodosth.有机会做某事haveachanceofdoingsth.有机会做某事如:IhaveanopportunitytogotoBeijing.IhaveachanceofgoingtoBeijing.25.atleast最少atmost最多26.花费take,cost,spend,paysth.take(sb.)timetodosth.Ittook(me)10daystoreadthebook.sth.cost(sb.)……Thebookcost(me)100yuan.sb.spend…onsth.Shespent10daysonthisbook.sb.spend…doingsth.Shespent10daysreadingthisbook.sb.pay…forsth.Shepaid10yuanforthisbook.27.have+时间段+off放假,休息如:have2daysoff28.replyto答复某人如:ShereplayedtoMrGreen.29.agreewithsth.同意某事如:Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如:IagreetoLiLei.30.getinthewayof碍事,妨碍如:Hersociallifegotinthewayofherstudies.她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。31.successn.succeedv.successfuladj.successfullyadv.32.if引导的非真实性条件状语从句--------即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议或是与事实相反的假设等。If引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句,非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时,其虚拟语气结构为:句型条件从句主句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形即:(从句)if+主语+动词过去式(be动词用were),一般过去时(主句)主语+would+动词原形过去将来时如:IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间)IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)Iwouldsaynoifsomeoneaskedmetobeinamovie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)33.afew与alittle的区别,few与little的区别⑴afew一些修饰可数名词alittle一些修饰不可数名词两者表肯定意义如:Hehasafewfriends.他有一些朋友。Thereisalittlesugarinthebottle.在瓶子里有一些糖。⑵few少数的修饰可数名词little少数的修饰不可数名词但两者表否定意义如:Hehasfewfriends.他没有几个朋友。Thereislittlesugarinthebottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。34.hundred