英语中的词性及练习需要弄清楚的几个概念:1、及物动词(vt.):后面带有宾语,意思才能完整。eg.Theywantsomebooks.Heisreadingabook.2、不及物动词(vi.):本身意义完整,不需跟宾语。eg.Birdsfly.Heworksinthefactory.3、系动词:系动词本身虽有一定的词义,但不完整,不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词,名词等)连用,构成谓语。如:be(是),look(看起来像),become(成为,变得)等。eg.Theyareteachers.Hebecameveryinterestedinscience.汉语名称英语名称缩写形式意义例词名词Nounn.表示人、事物或地点的名称Alice,boybook,car冠词Articleart.用在名词前,帮助说明其所指对象a(an),the代词Pronounpron.代替名词、数词等this,that,I,itmy,your形容词Adjectivea.或adj.表示人或事物的性质或特征blue,big,beautiful数词Numeralnum.表示数量或顺序first,three动词Verbv.表示动作或状态be,have,go副词Adverbad.或adv.表示动作的特征often,usually介词Prepositionprep.表示名词,代词等和其他词之间的关系in,on,at连词Conjunctionconj.连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句and,but感叹词Interjectionint.或interj.表示说话时的喜悦,惊讶等情感或语气oh,hello练习一一)根据对词类的概念的理解,指出下面单词的词类:1deep2finger3fly4papers5pass6refuse7size8spoon9delicious10thick11town12map13myself14and15on16sheep17ship18mine19important20an21catch22first23laugh24third25leave26here27fly28home29round30sing31blind32but33eighth34about35bad36yours37child38against39ah40with41cinema42Tuesday43cheap44advice45two46they47able48for49say50quickly51if二)根据常见的后缀辨别下列单词的词性。1.scientist2.singer3.conversation4.beautiful5.loudly6.famous7.government8.dangerous9.instruction10.careful11.lively12.safeties13.national14.traditional15.illnesses16.wonderful17.competitions18.information19.successful20.natural21.illnesses22.lovely23.really24.friendly25.usually26.yearly27.advertisement提示:1.一个单词多种词性是很普遍的现象,这里的词性是指常见的词性2.本题中加ly并不都是副词三)判断下列句子中划线单词的词性。1.Marydanceswell.2.Hisfatherisreading.3.Tomislookingforhiswatch.4.Heoftenplaysviolinafterschool.5.Mr.Greenworksinauniversity.6.TheteachertaughtusanEnglishsong.7.Ihaveboughtthispenfortwoyears.8.Nothingcanlivewithoutwater.9.Youmaykeepthisdictionaryfortwoweeks.10.Youcan‘tagreewithme.练习答案解析一)根据对词类的概念的理解,指出下面单词的词类:1.deep深的,形容词2.finger手指,名词3.fly飞,动词4.papers报纸,名词5pass通过,动词6refuse拒绝,动词7size尺寸,名词8spoon汤匙,名词9delicious美味的,可口的,好吃的,形容词10thick厚的,形容词11town城市,名词12map地图,名词13myself我自己,反身代词14and和,并列连词15on在……上,介词16sheep绵羊,名词17ship轮船,名词18mine我的,名词性物主代词19important重要的,形容词20an一个,冠词21catch赶上,动词22first第一,序数词23laugh笑,动词24third第三,序数词25leave离开,动词26here这儿,副词27fly飞,动词28home家,名词29round圆形的,形容词30sing唱,动词31blind瞎的,形容词32but但是,转折连词33eighth第八,序数词34about关于……,介词35bad坏的,形容词36yours你的,形容词性物主代词37child小孩子,名词38against反对……,介词39ah啊哈感叹词40with和……,介词41cinema电影院,名词42Tuesday星期二,名词43.cheap便宜的,形容词44advice建议,名词45two二,基数词46they他们,代词47able有能力的,形容词48for为……。介词49say说,动词50quickly快地,立刻地,马上地,副词51if如果,连词二)根据常见的后缀辨别下列单词的词性。1scientist科学家,名词2singer歌手,名词3conversation谈话,名词4beautiful漂亮的,形容词5loudly大声的,副词6famous著名的,形容词7government政府,名词8dangerous危险的,形容词9instruction说明,名词10careful小心的,形容词11lively活泼的,有生气的,形容词12safety安全,名词13national国家的,人民的,形容词14traditional传统的,形容词15illness不健康,不可数名词16wonderful好的,棒极了,形容词17competitions竞赛,名词18information信息,名词19successful成功的,形容词20natural自然的,形容词21illnesses某一种疾病,可数名词22lovely可爱的,形容词23really真地,副词24friendly友好的,形容词25usually通常地,频度副词26yearly每年的,形容词27advertisement广告,名词三)判断下列句子中划线单词的词性。1.Marydanceswell.副词,玛利的舞跳的很好。2.Hisfatherisreading.代词,他的爸爸正在读书。3.Tomislookingforhiswatch.名词,汤姆正在找他的表。4.Heoftenplaysviolinafterschool.介词,他放学后通常弹钢琴。5.Mr.Greenworksinauniversity.动词,格林先生在一所大学工作。6.TheteachertaughtusanEnglishsong.名词,老师教给我们一首英文歌曲。7.Ihaveboughtthispenfortwoyears.数词,我已经买这只钢笔有两年了。8.Nothingcanlivewithoutwater.介词,没有水,万物都不能生存。9.Youmaykeepthisdictionaryfortwoweeks.情态动词,你可以保存这本字典两周。10.Youcan’tagreewithme.代词,你不能同意我(的观点)。