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295201010SOYBEANSCIENCEVo.l29No.5Oct.2010董守坤1,刘丽君1,孙聪殊1,李小梅2,马春梅1,龚振平1,祖伟1(1.,150030;2.,150070):20100519:(2007BAD89B0502,2007BAD89B0503):(1978),,,,Emai:ldongshoukun@yahoo.com.cn:,:,0~20cm,,20~30cmR4;,R2~R4;,0~20cmR520~30cmR20~20cm,10~30cm;R2,;20~30cm,0~20cm,:;;;;:S565.1:A:1000-9841(2010)05-0836-04EffectofdifferentNitrogenApplicationMethodsonSoilOrganicMatterandNitrogenContentDONGShoukun1,LIULijun1,SUNCongshu1,LIXiaomei2,MAChunmei1,GONGZhenping1,ZUWei1(1.AgronomyCollege,NortheastAgriculturalUniversity,Harbin150030;2.HarbinAcademyofAgricultureSciences,Harbin150070,Heilongjiang,China)Abstract:Strawreturningcanreduceenvironmentalpollutionandimprovethefertilityofsoi.lTheresearchinvestigateddifferentnitrogenapplicationmethodsonspatialandtemporaldynamicofsoilorganicmatterandnitrogencontentunderstrawreturning.Ontheconditionofstrawreturning,0~20cmplanosolorganicmatterincreasedwithgrowingprocess,reachedmaximumatharveststage,20~30cmreachedmaximumatR4stage;Thecontentofplanosoltotalnitrogenwasexpressedinasinglepeakcurvewithgrowingprocess,reachedmaximumatR2~R4stage;Thecontentofplanosolavailablenitrogenwasexpressedinasinglepeakcurvewithgrowingprocess,0~20cmsoilreachedmaximumatR5stage,20~30cmsoilreachedmaximumatR2stage.Thecontentof0~20cmsoilorganicmatterincreasedbythenitrogenfertilizerasseedmanure,10~30cmsoilorganicmattercontentincreasedbynitrogentopdressing;ThenitrogenappliedasseedfertilizerincreasedsoiltotalnitrogencontentbeforeR2stage,whilenitrogentopdressinghadlittleeffectonsoiltotalnitrogencontent.Thenitrogenfertilizerapplicationasseedfertilizerdecreasedthecontentof20~30cmsoilavailablenitrogen,whileithadlittleeffecton0~20cmsoi,lsoilavailablenitrogencontentincreasedbynitrogentopdressing.Thecontentofsoilorganicmatterandtotalnitrogen,soilorganicmatterandavailablenitrogen,availablenitrogenandtotalnitrogenofplanosolshowedasignificantlypositivecorrelation.Keywords:Strawreturning;Soybean;Nitrogenfertilizer;Soilorganicmatter;Nitrogen,[1],[25],3[6],[7],[3],,,5:83711.12008,,34g!kg-1,1.8g!kg-1,0.5g!kg-1,130mg!kg-1,18mg!kg-1,80mg!kg-1,200715~20cm(9670STS),,9230kg!hm-2,164,N0();NA(45kg!hm-2);NB(7845kg!hm-2);NAB(45kg!hm-2+45kg!hm-2),:150kg!hm-2,75kg!hm-2,3,10,5m,65cm,32.5m2,25!hm-2,512,920,1.2(Sowing),(R2),(R4),(R6),(R8),5~6cm,0~10cm10~20cm20~30cm,31mm,1mm0.149mm,100g,[9](180∀5min),K2Cr2O7H2SO4(),K2Cr2O7FeSO4,K2Cr2O7[9],,NH3,(NH4)2SO4,,NH3,[9]22.1(1),0~10cm10~20cm,;20~30cm,R4,0~10cm,;10~20cm,;20~30cm,,R4,,,,,1Fig.1Dynamicschangesofsoilorganicmatter2.22,,R4,R2,0~10cm10~20cm20~30cm,R2,,8385,,,50%~70%,,,,2Fig.2Dynamicschangesofsoiltotalnitrogen2.3,(3)0~10cm10~20cm,R5,20~30cm,R20~10cm10~20cm,0~10cm10~20cm,20~30cm,20~30cm,,,,3Fig.3DynamicschangesofsoilAvailablenitrogen2.4,(4~6),,(P0.01),0.660**0.905**0.713**,,,,,,,,5:839,,,3,,,,[10],,NiranjanRao[11-12],,,,;,[13-14],,()(),,,(),,,,,[15];,,[16][1]ChenJ,HopmansJW,FoggGE.Samplingdesignforsoilmoisturemeasurementsinlargefieldtrials[J].SoilScience,1995,159(3):155161.[2],,,.[J].,2003,14(10):16731676.(JiangY,ZhangYG,LiangWJ,eta.lSpatialvariabilityofsoilnutrientsincultivatedsurfacesoilofSujiatunDistrict,ShenyangCity[J].ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,2003,14(10):16731676.)[3],,,.[J].,2003,31(5):870871.(LiXY,Wu[J],ZhuHB,eta.lEffectofstrawreturningoncropyieldandsoilnutrients[J].JournalofAnhuiAgriculturalScience,2003,31(5):870871.)[4],,,.[J].,2001,7(3):262270.(JiangC,YangLP,JinJY,etal.Soilnutrientsvariabilityandrationalsamplingquantity[J].JournalofAnhuiAgriculturalSciences,2001,7(3):262270.)[5],.[J].,2002,33(2):153155.(WangSH,ZhangFM.Effectoflocalizedsupplyoffertilizerongrowthandmorphologicalofcrops[J].ChineseJournalofSoilScience,2002,33(2):153155.)[6],,[M].:,1992:146148.(HeilongjiangBureauofLandManagement,HeilongjiangSoilSurveyOffice.HeilongjiangSoil[M].Beijing:AgriculturePress,1992:146148.)(下转第844页)8445(2):112116.(ChenQH,WengQY,WangYC,eta.lIdentificationandsequencingofribosomalDNAITSofPhytophorasojaeinFujian[J].ActaPhytopathologicaSinica,2004,34(2):112116.)[8],,,.[J].,2008,45(1):126129.(WangH,GaoF,WuCH,eta.lIdentificationonbiologicaltraitsandphysiologicalraceofPhytophthrasojaeinXinjiang[J].XinjiangAgriculturalSciences,2008,45(1):26129.)[9].[M].:.(ZhangYS.Plantapathologyphysiology[M].Nanjing:JiangsuS&TPress.)[10],.[J].,1988,12(3):16.(YeHZ,WuGQ.ChangesinactivitiesofperoxidaseandesteraseinwheatheadsinfectedbyFusariumgraminearum[J].ActaPhytopathlogicaSinica,1988,12(3):16.)[11],,.[J].,1991,12(4):277283.(LiJ,LiRQ,YuanWJ.Onthechangeofenzymeactivitesofcucumberleafinfectedbypseudoperonosporacubensis(berk.etctrt)rosws[J].ActaPhytopathologicaSinica,1991,12(4):277283.)[12],,.[J].,1991,12(3):16.(LinD,WangZZ,LinKX.Relationshipsbetweenactivityofseveralenzymesandpeanutresistancetorust[J].JournalofSouthAgriculturalUniversity,1991,12(3):16.[13],,,.[J].,2005,21(3):252-254.(ZhangSZ,XuPF,WuXX,eta.lStudyonextractionandbioactivityassaypathotoxinproducedbyPhytophthorasojae[J].ChineseAgriculturalScienceBulletin,2005,21(3):252-254.)[14]YangXB.RaceofPhytophthorasojaeinlowasoybeanfield[J].PlantDisease,1996,80:14181420.[15],,,