外贸英文函电介绍introduction

introductionBUSINESSLETTERS商务函电大连理工大学电子音像出版社大连理工大学出版社introduction1Contentsandwaysofwriting(主要内容和写法)2Layout(格式)3Envelope（信封）Therearesevenpartsinanordinarybusinessletter:1—letterhead2—referencenumberanddate3—insidenameandaddress4—salutation5—message6—complimentaryclose7—signature1.Contentsandwaysofwriting(主要内容和写法)Somelettersmaycontainoneormoreofthefollowing,whichdependonthedifferentsituationofeachwritingrequirement:8—referencenotation9—attentionline10—subjectline11—enclosure12—carboncopy13—postscript1)Letterhead(信头)Theletterheadusuallyincludestheessentialinformationaboutthewriter—name,address,cableaddress,telexnumber,etc.ThewritingoftheaddressshouldbestressedasitistotallydifferentfromChineseorder.Thenumberandthestreetshouldbeputatthebeginningwhilethecityandcountrybeputattheend.Forexample,中国广东省广州市天河街14号”shouldbetranslatedinto“No.14TianheStreet,Guangzhou,GuangdongProvince,China”.一般放在整封信的首页最上面中央，有些公司为方便直接将信头印在信笺上端。如PINGANINSURANCECOMPANYOFCHINAAdd:No.48ZhonghuaRoad,Nanning,Guangxi,ChinaTel:5899900Cableaddress:xxxFax:2438999TelexNo:这里须强调一下，国外地址写时应注意从小写到大，而不是中国人的习惯从大写到小。2)Date（日期）Asforthedate,itisusuallyputoneortwolinesundertheletterheadontherightforthepurposeoffilingorchecking.Simplewaysofwriting:March4,2006March4th,20064March,2006Avoidusing“3/4/06”or“2006.3.4”.日期的表达式最简单的主要有（英式）日期/月/年，及（美式）月/日期/年排列法，如2006年3月4日写为：March4,2006,OrMarch4th,2006。3)InsideNameandAddress(封内名称和地址)Itwillbethesameasintheenvelope,whichshallbethenameandaddressofthereceiver.Butwhensomecompaniesusethenameoftheowneraspartofthecompanyname,“Messrs”willbeaddedbeforethename,forexample,“MessrsBob&MichaelTradingCo.”此名称和地址由于写在信内而被称为封内名称地址，目的是为了确保信封与信件的一致性以免装错信封寄错信。封内名称地址的写法与信头写法一致。此内容放在日期之下，齐左边。如xxx,ChinaNationalChemicalImp.&Exp.Corp.,NanningBranch,65#Qixingroad,Nanning,Guangxi,China.姓名的写法：1）写给认识的男性，用Mr.加上姓名，如Mr.JohnSmith2)对认识的男性，可用头衔或职称代替Mr.表示尊重，如：DoctorJohnSmith,ProfessorJoyceGwillian3)对认识的男性，可以同时写上职称甚至工作单位，如：Mr.JohnSmith,managerCameraShop4)对数位男性，可用Messrs.,如：Messrs.ThomasWoodandJohnSmith5)写给不知姓名的人，可写其职务或所在机构，如：ThemanagerOrientedBank6)写给未婚女性，用Miss,接姓名；给已婚女性，用Mrs.；给不知婚姻状况的女性，用Ms.4)Salutation(称呼)SalutationinbusinessletterisdifferentfromthatinChineseorordinaryEnglishletters.“Dear”isusedtoexpressrespecthere,forexample,“DearMr.Perton”.Sometimestheletterisnotad-dressedtoaspecificperson,then“Dearsir(s)”,“Gentleman(men)”areused.Thispartisplacedontheleftundertheinsidenameandaddress.称呼放在封内名称地址之下，齐左边。5)Message(正文)Messageisthepartthewriterexpresseshisideaorrequirements.Usually,itisdividedintothreeparts:opening,bodyandclosing.Openingistogivethereasonofwriting;bodyistospecifyhisrequirementsandwisheswhileclosingistoexpressthanksorhope.Thecontentsofbodywillvarywiththespecificstepofbusiness.Therearetwomainkindsoflayouthere:indentedonewiththefirstlineofeachparagraphindentedandblockedonewithalllinesontheleft.正文的内容一般都包括开头、正文、结束三部分。正文内容会根据具体的交易环节而有所改变。正文格式根据信件格式不同有区别，齐头式下正文全部齐左边，缩进式下正文每一段首行往里缩进。6)ComplimentaryClose(结束语)Therearemanywaysofcomplementaryclosetoshowrespect.Itcarriesnospecificmeanings.Usuallywekeeptheminpacewiththesalutation.Whenthesalutationis“Dearsir(s)”,complimentaryclosewillbe“yoursfaithfully,yourssincerely”;whensalutationuses“Gentleman(men)”,complimentaryclosewillbe“yourstruly,trulyyours”,etc.此内容根据信件格式不同位置有区别，齐头式下结束语放在左边，缩进式下结束语放在右边。7)Signature(签名)Itisusuallyprintedandwrittenonaletter,theplaceofwhichwilldependonthelayoutoftheletter.Weputsignatureunderthecomplimentaryclosewithtitleunderit.Ifthewriterrepresentscertaininstitute,thenameoftheinstitutewillbeprintedabovethesignature,forexample:Yourstruly,Yoursfaithfully,(signature)MITSUBISHICORPORATION(Miss)LucySteinbeck(signature)ThomasC.SuttonGeneralManager,SalesDepartment签名紧跟在结束语之下，手写表示尊敬，所以有时信函是打印的，也要在打印签名之下手签。签名根据信件格式不同位置有区别，齐头式下签名放在左边，缩进式下签名放在右边。8)ReferenceNotation(参考案号)Inbusinessletters,referenceisoftenmadetopreviousletter.Itmayincludethedateoftheletter,afilenumber,thecontr-actnumber,L/Cnumberortheinitialsofthesignerofthele-tterandtaketheformas“Ourref.”and“yourref.”有时为了归档、查找方便，或明确让双方明白此封信函的内容与什么有关，会在信头之下，日期之上右边添上这一内容，后面多跟合同号、信用证号等。9)Attention(送交)Whenthewriterwantstoaddressthelettertoaspecialpersonorcorporation,hewilladditundertheinsidenameandaddress.Itusuallytakestheformlike“Attention:TheAdvertisingManager”(由广告经理亲阅)不论信件格式为齐头式还是缩进式，此内容均齐左边。10)SubjectLine(标题)Itisusuallytheorderorcontractnumberorthenameofthegoodstoenablethereceivertobeclearofthecontentsintheletterandforthepurposeoffiling.Itisputunderthesalutationandbeforethemessage.位置根据信函格式有所不同，齐头式下标题放在左边，缩进式下标题放在中间。11)Enclosure(附录)Sometimescatalogue,pricelist,order,copiesoffaxorotherrelativedocumentswillbeenclosedintheletter,thenunderthesignaturealineontheleftwillbeaddedtoremindthereceiver,forexample：enclosure:3copiesencl.asstated一般放在签名之下，不论信件格式如何，均齐左边。12)CarbonCopy(副本抄送)Itistoshowtheletterhasbeensenttosomeoneinchargeofthis,forexample“c.c.Manager”.Itisplacedundertheenclosureontheleft.不论信件格式如何，齐左边。13)Postscript(附言)Ittakestheshortformof“P.S.”withsomethingforgottenintheletter.Sometimesonemorepartwillappearintheletter,ittakestheformof“C/O:incareof”(由