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30720117GEOGRAPHICALRESEARCHVol30,No7July,2011:20110113;:20110418:(10zd&022);(41001069):(1982),,,,Email:ifcold@hotmailcom(1978),,,,,Email:tieshansun@hotmailcom*:(1961),,,,,Email:lgp@pkueducn刘霄泉,孙铁山,李国平*(,100871):2008,20042008,:,2004~2008,,,,,,,,,:;;:10000585(2011)071262091,,[1],2090,[2],,[3],,,,,,[4],Clark[5],[6~8],2090,,,[8~11][12],7:1263[13][14][12],,,[14],[15],[16][17],Wang[18],[19],,[20~22],2005,OPM[23];2006,[24,25][26][27][28],,,,,[26];[29],,;[20],2002~2004,,,2004~2008,[25~28],[21,29],[30],,,2004,2004,20042004~2008,,,2004,,,,220042008,GIS,,21,16(()())20042008(1)(),,,,3081264301Tab1Datastatistics(/km2)20043949620908474478466170098382008456932139918353312188485771(/km2)200440004441E-1163689066810196200831704761E-1155223886085553(/km2)200431838340908474453954362449632008392909511910385192654788193922,,,,2008;,20042008,,(1)KrigingKrigingKriging,[31],,,[32](2),:lnD(x)=lnD0+x,D(x)x,D0,x,,,Lowess,Cleveland[33],Cleveland[34,35],Xi,,,,Lowessf,,f05,f06Lowess,,,,Lowess,,,,3(1),1A1B7:1265,1C1D12008Fig1ContourmapofemploymentdensityinBeijing(2008)311A,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1B,,126630,CBD,,CBD,,,,1A1B,,,,;,,,,321C1D,,(),(),,,,,1C,,,,,,,,;,,(),,,,,,,1D,,CBD,,,,1C1D,,,,420042008Lowess(2),2A2B2C200420087:12672B,2004~2008,20km,,1980,,2C,,,,2004~2008,,,,,22004~2008LowessFig2LowesscurveofemploymentdistributioninBeijing(20042008)220042008,20km50km,20km,,[36],2004~2008,,,20km,,,20km;20~50km,,,,,;50km[36],,,,,,;,,,126830,50km,551(1)[22],,2004~2008;,20~50km;,,(2),,(),,[37](3),,,,,[38]52,,(1),,50km,,,,[39],(),,,(2),[40],,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,7:1269,[4](3),,,,:[1],,2004,(2):66~70[2],,,2002,(6):34~38[3],20,2003,58(6):903~916[4],,:,2009[5]ClarkCUrbanpopulationdensitiesJournaloftheRoyalStatisticalSociety(SeriesA(General)),1951,114(4):490~496[6]GordonP,RichardsonHW,WongHLThedistributionofpopulationandemploymentinapolycentriccity:ThecaseofLosAngelesEnvironmentandPlanningA,1986,18(1):161~173[7]SmallKA,SongSPopulationandemploymentdensities:StructureandchangeJournalofUrbanEconomics,1994,36(3):292~313[8]McMillenDP,McDonaldJFSuburbansubcentersandemploymentdensityinmetropolitanChicagoJournalofUrbanEconomics,1998,43(2):157~180[9]CraigSG,PinTNgUsingquantilesmoothingsplinestoidentifyemploymentsubcentersinamulticentricurbanareaJournalofUrbanEconomics,2001,(49)1:100~120[10]ChatterjeeS,CarlinoGAAggregatemetropolitanemploymentgrowthandthedeconcentrationofmetropolitanemploymentJournalofMonetaryEconomics,2001,48(3):549~583[11]McMillenDP,LesterTWEvolvingsubcenters:EmploymentandpopulationdensitiesinChicago,19702020JournalofHousingEconomics,2003,12(1):60~81[12]BaumontC,ErturC,GalloJLSpatialanalysisofemploymentandpopulationdensity:Thecaseoftheagglomerationofdijon1999GeographicalAnalysis,2004,36(2):146~176[13]McMillenDP,McDonaldJFAnonparametricanalysisofemploymentdensityinapolycentricCityJournalofregionalscience,1997,37(4):591~612[14]FahuiWRegionaldensityfunctionsandgrowthpatternsinmajorplainsofChina,19821990RegionalScience,2001,80(2),231~240[15],,2007,62(2):200~210[16],2090,2005,60(4):637~644[17],1990,2007,13(2):40~47[18]WangF,MengYCAnalyzingurbanpopulationchangepatternsinShenyang,China1982-90:DensityfunctionandspatialassociationapproachesGeographicInformationSciences,1999,5(2):121~130[19],,(2001~2004),2010,25(3):34~40[20],,髙晓路利用探索式空间数据解析北京城市空间经济发展模式地理学报,2009,64(8):945~955[21],,,2008,63(12):1299~1310[22]GIS:,2009[23],,,2005,60(1):122~130[24],,2006,61(12):1259~1270[25],,2007,(11):104~113[26],,2007,14(6):8~14[27],,1270302010,29(4):716~723[28],,GlenNorcliffe,,2010,29(7):878~886[29],,2007,31(5):24~37[30],2007,(4):52~59[31],:,1990[32],Kriging,2007,16(5):5~13[33]WilliamSClevelandRobustlocallyweightedregressionandsmoothingscatterplotsJournaloftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation,1979,74(368):829~836[34]WilliamSCleveland,SusanJDevlinLocallyweightedregression:AnapproachtoregressionanalysisbylocalfittingJournaloftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation,1988,83(403):596~610[35]WilliamSCleveland,EGrosseComputationalmethodsforlocalregressionStatisticsandComputing,1991,(1):47~62[36]?,2008,32(1):34~42[37],,,::,2004[38],,,2008,(4):25~29[39],,(),2010,8(3):5~15[40],2010,(4):373ResearchonthespatialstructureofemploymentdistributioninBeijingLIUXiaoquan,SUNTieshan,LIGuoping(SchoolofGovernment,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China)Abstract:Basedontheanalysisofthe2004and2008economiccensusdata,usingArcgisandlocallyweightedregression,thisarticletriedtodescribeandanalyzethespatialdistributionofemploymentdensityinBeijingcity.Wefoundthat,thepolycentricpatternofBeijingemploymentspatialstructurehasbecomemoreandmoreclear,howeverthecentralcityisstillverypowerfulinattractingthesignificantspatialconcentrationofemployment.Comparedwiththesuburbanizationofmanufacturing,theconcentrationincentralcityofserviceemploymentisincreasinglysignificant.Basedontheanalysis,wecandrawsomeconclusions.Firstly,thecityplanninghasbeenplayingaveryimportantroleintheformationofpolycentricemploymentspatialstructure,howeverithasnotembodiedthebasicintentof'populationdecentralization'.Thereforeweshouldgoonspeedinguptheconstructionofpol