Unit1Ifyouhadhadaspark(火花)ofconsiderationforyourfamily,youwouldn'thavetakensomanystupidrisks.如果你有为你的家人多一点考虑,你就不会有那么多愚蠢的风险。Duetothelackoflaborforce,evenwomeninthisvillagewerecompelled(被迫)toworkinthecoalmines.由于缺乏劳动力这个村的妇女甚至被迫在煤矿工作。Wewentthroughlovelycountrysidewithgreatmountains,someofthembeautifulandgreenandwooded,whileothersbare(赤裸)andwild.我们沿途经过风景秀丽的乡村,那里山峦起伏,有一些被森林覆盖,郁郁葱葱,风景宜人;另一些则是荒山秃岭,草木不生。Thecleanertookoffhiscoatandbegantoscrape(擦去)theashesfromthefurnacewithhisbarehands.清洁工脱掉外套,开始用他的赤裸的双手擦去炉上的灰烬。Peopleinthatareaarealreadythreatenedwithenvironmentaldestruction(破坏)since60%oftheforesttherehasbeendestroyed.人们已经感受到环境破坏方面的威胁,因为有60%的森林已被破坏。6.Theautocompanyhasseenahugeincreaseintheoutput(产量)ofprivatecanthisyearduetotheimprovedworkingefficiency.汽车公司已经看到了今年由于提高了工作效率,私人产量大幅增加。7.Underthesevereattackfromenemyaircraft,thetroopswereforcedtoretreat(撤退)fromfront.在敌机的严厉打击下,前面的部队被迫撤退。8.WhenIcameuptoagiraffelyingonthegrasses,Ifoundthatithadbeenkilledwithaspeartipped(尖矛)withpoison.当我来到一个长颈鹿躺在草地上,我发现它已经被带毒尖矛杀死。9.Hestayedeightdaysinanopenboatwithnofood,andhewasstillalive;hissurvivalwasa(n)miracle(奇迹).他在无遮档的小船上呆了八天,又无食物,还活下来了,这真是个奇迹。10.SurvivaloftheFittestisaneternal(永恒)truthofnature.适者生存是一个自然界的永恒的真理。11.Hishearsankwhenhesawthefreshpile(堆)ofmails,memosandtelephonemessagesonhisdesk.当他看到邮件的新的一堆邮件,备忘录和电话留言在他的书桌上时,他的心沉了下来。12.Themilitarygovernmentrefusedtotransfer(移交)powertoademocraticallyelectedciviliangovernment.政府拒绝将权力移交给一个民选的文官政府.13.Inthatareanearlysixmillionpeopleareaffectedbythedroughtandthecivilwar,andthereisarealdangerofmass(大规模)starvation.在那个地区近六百万人受到干旱和内战的影响,并有大规模饥荒的危险。14.Postalservicepersonnelwhoareseverelyirresponsiblepurposelydelaysendingmail,thereby(因此)givingrisetogreatlossofpublictrust.邮政工作人员拒不办理依法应当办理的邮政业务的,故意延误投递邮件的,因此给予行政处分15.Withtheincreaseinthenumberofforeignfundedenterprises,variouskindsoffinancialdisputeshaveemerged(出现).随着外资企业的增加,各类经济纠纷的出现。16.Theearthquakemaytrigger(引发)landslidesthatcausegreatdamageandlossoflife.地震可能引发的山体滑坡造成巨大的破坏和生命损失。17.Deforestingandglobalwarmingthreaten(威胁)toruinthecurrentandfuturestateofourenvironment.全球变暖的威胁破坏我们的环境的当前和未来的环境状态。18.Itwasreportedthatalmost7millionliterswereconsumed(消耗)duringthe16-daybeerfestivalinGermanythatyear.据报道,每年大约7000000公升的啤酒节的16天在德国消耗。19.Onabitterlycoldnight,theonlyshelterhecouldfindwasthehollow(中空)trunkofagreattree.在一个寒冷的夜晚,他能找到的唯一的栖身之处是空心的大树的树干。1.Shortlyafterthegovernment,snewpolicywasputintoeffect,theeconomyofourcountrybegantoshowsignsof(显示)recovery.政府的新政策付诸实施,我国经济开始显示出现复苏迹象。2.Weknewwellwhatdifficultieswehadtocopewith(应付)inbringingourworktoasuccessfulconclusion我们很好地知道我们不得不成功的应付困难给我们的工作带来一个成功的结论3.Sheliveinfearof(担心)gettinginjuredandneverparticipatedinanyviolentsportsgames她终日为受伤而担心并且从不参加任何暴力运动游戏4.ltlookslikethissnowwillstopthefoodsuppliesandweshallbehungryforatime,butwe'venochoicebuttothoughitout(坚持到底)看起来这场雪将会停止食物的供应和我们将会饿上一段时间,但是我们没有选择渡过难关5.manytreesinthisareahavebeencutdown(砍倒)tomakeroomforbuildingswhichaswrosenedourlivingenvironment这个地方的很多树已经被砍倒留出地方给大楼,使我们的生活环境变糟糕6.inordertoavoidpossibleinfectionbytheunknowvirusesresearchersareprotectedfromhead(从头到脚)tofootwithcapsfacemasksandwhitegowns为了避免被不知道的病毒的可能感染,研究员们被从头到脚的用帽子、面罩和白袍保护7.despitethewarmweathertheexplorerssearchedout(找到)somesnowonthenorthenslopeandboileditfordrinkingwater尽管天气暖和,这些探险家们在北坡上找到一些雪和煮沸它得到饮用水8.startingbare-handedyouhavebuiltupsomanysteelplants,thisisnothingshortof(白手起家)miraculous开始于白手起家,你建立那么多钢铁场。这简直是个奇迹9.Asyet(至今)wehaven'tfelttheneedforanyexteahands,butit'sonlyamatteroftime到目前为止我们没有感觉到需要任何别人的帮助,但是它仅仅是时间问题10.whileonecannotchooseone'sbirthplace,onecancertainlydecidebasedonwhatonehasexperiencedthebestplacetosettlein(迁入)然而一个人不能选择自己的出生地,但是人可以很确切的决定基于个人有怎么样的经验,迁入最好的地方11.parentswhospendtimeandmoenyteachingtheirchildrenmusiccantakeheart(树立信心)fromanewcanadianstudywhichshowsyoungchildrenwhotakemusiclessonshavebettermemoriesthantheirnonmusicalpeers父母花费更多的时间和金钱教他们的孩子音乐,能够树立信心,来自加拿大的新的研究,显示小孩学了音乐课的比同龄的没有学音乐的记忆力更好Unit21.studiesshowthatifaworkingenvironmentispleasantproductivity(生产率)increase.研究表明,如果工作环境舒适,生产率的提高。2.Privatespacetravelisarelativelynewphenomenon(现象).It‟sdifficultatthemomenttoassessitseffects.私人太空旅行是一个相对新的现象,一下子很难评价它的作用。3.Allofusneedtobuilduprelationshipswithothersunlesswechoosetoliveincompleteisolation(隔离)fromtheoutsideworld.我们都需要建立与他人的关系,除非我们选择住在离外面的世界完全隔离。4.Sincesendingherchildtothekindergarten,shehasbeendelightedtoseeagradual(逐渐)changeinboy‟scharacter;heseemslessself-centerednow.送孩子到幼儿园以来,她一直高兴地看到一个男孩的性格逐渐改变,他似乎少了以自我为中心。5.Asanactiveenvironmentalist,Davishasearnedareputationasanoutspokenopponent(反对者)ofanykindofnuclearwastedumpingatsea.戴维斯作为一个积极的环保主义者,他反对向大海倾任何形式的原子能废物,并以这样的反对者的身份而赢得声誉6.Quills(羽毛笔)werethechiefwritingtoolfromthe6thcenturyuntiltheadvent(问世)ofsteelpensinthemid19thcentury.从公元6世纪以来羽毛笔是主要书写工具,直到在19世纪中叶问世的钢笔。7.Doyouthinkitwilleverbepossibletoalterhumangenetic(基因)codeinordertoproducetheperfecthumanbeing.你认为将来有可能改变人类的基因去产生完美的人类?8.Intheendhersheercompetenceandprofessionalismwonuniversal(普遍)respectwithinandoutofthegovernment.最后她的能力和专业精神赢得了政府内部和外部的普遍的尊重。9.Hispoliticalviewsareratherextreme(极端);Iha