《情态动词课件》ppt课件

2情态动词概述情态动词表示说话人的语气或对事物的态度，情态动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和原形动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的形式变化。英语情态动词共有9种，即can,may,will,shall,dare.must,need,oughtto,usedto.有的情态动词有时态的变化。变化如下：现在式canmaywillshalldaremustneedoughtto----过去式couldmightwouldshoulddared---------usedto3教学目标：情态动词用法归纳(2)教学重点：1.情态动词表示推测;2.情态动词+havedone结构；4一.情态动词表示推测的用法情态动词可用来表示推测,语气从强到弱的顺序是：１．must所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一定”。２．can和could主要用于否定句和疑问句中，can’t或couldn’t表示“不可能”３．may和might表示现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况，主要用于肯定句中，might相对于may来说，表示的可能性更小一些。must，should，can，could,may，might。5二.情态动词+havedone表示对过去所发生事情的推测或带有某种语气.1.Ididn’thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.musthavedone(过去)肯定/一定…(用于肯定句中)62.＊—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—Itcouldn’thavebeenacomfortablejourney.can’t/couldn’thavedone(过去)不可能…73.●Hemaynothavefinishedtheexercises,I’mafraid.4.Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.may/mighthavedone(过去)或许/可能做…(用于肯定或否定句中)couldhavedone(过去)本能够做(用于肯定或否定句中,带有责备、劝告之意)85.●Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhadn’tstarted,soweneedn’thaveworried.●—Marydidn’tturnuplastnight,didshe?—No,shedidn’tneedtocome.Wehadchangedourplan.needn’thavedone(过去)本来不必做…(没有必要做而实际上也没做).96.Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymytape,forIwantedtouseit.should/oughttohavedone(过去)本应该做(而实际上未做),用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了(带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气）。1011(06陕西）Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you___havecomethismorning.B.maynotC.can’tD.mustn’tAA.needn’t12◆(04全国)Mr.White_____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.B.shouldarriveC.shouldhadarrivedD.shouldbearriving◆(04福建)—I’lltellMarryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You____herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.couldhavetoldC.musttellA.shouldhavearrivedD.shouldhavetoldAD13(05福建)—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You____it.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needn’tdoC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedoneB.needn’thavedoneB14(NMET05)He______havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.shouldC.wouldn’tD.can’tB.mustB15(00上海)MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterday,sohe______yourlecture.B.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattendedA.couldn’thaveattendedA16Must必须(04上海)Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountrymustbeunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.三.情态动词基本用法17Can/Could用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中常表推测、惊讶、怀疑、不相信的语气：1）—Whocanitbe?—Itcan’tbehim.HehasgonetoXi’an.2）Howcanyoubesocareless?Whatcanhepossiblymean?18(03上海)How_____yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle.B.mustC.needD.mayA.canA19(04全国卷II)You____betired—you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.won’tD.maynot(06全国卷I)Thereisnolighton—They____athome.B.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’tC.can’tA.can’tCA20(06福建）Ifitweren’tforthefactthatshe____sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tD.mightnot(06四川）—IsJackondutytoday?—It____behim.It’shisturntomorrow.A.mustn’tB.won’tD.needn’tC.can’tC.can’t21Can在肯定句中使用表示1)有时候的可能性:●TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseitcanbeslow.(05浙江).●Hecanbefriendlyattimes.222)理论上的可能性,并不涉及具体某事是否真会发生,主要是说明人和事物的特征:1.Evenexpertdriverscanmakemistakes.2.(2003)Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebagscanbeleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.3.Trainingbyyourselfinagymcanbehighlydangerous.4.BirdFlucanbedangerous.23Makingchoices____difficult,especiallywhenthereisnoonetoturntoforadvice.A.mightB.shouldD.mustC24但是在表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时不可用can,用may/might/could.1)Hemay/might/couldbeinthelibrary.2)Asnowstormcanbeexciting,buttoomuchsnowcancausetrouble.3)Thisstormmay/might/couldlastseveraldays.25Could表可能性,语气较弱;表请求,较委婉。—Couldyoulendmesomemoney?—Yes,Ican.(98上海)“CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?”“Yes,you_____.A.willB.couldD.mightC.mayC26wasableto和could的区别Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryonewasabletogetout.（强调经过一番努力后成功做到某事.＊Hedidn’tagreewithmeatfirst,butIwasabletopersuadehim.＊Shecouldsingwhenshewasyoung.(一般能力)27Can的惯用语1.can’t(help/choose)but+v(不得不）Ican’thelpbutadmireyourbravery.2.can’thelpdoing.区别/can’thelp(to)do.3.can’thelpit.“Whyareyoucrying?”“Ijustcan’thelpit.4.can’t/couldn’t与too,enough连用.Youcan’tbetoocareful.再…也不过分Ican’tthankyoutoomuch.28Will/Would意志、愿望和决心。1)Iwillneverdothatagain.2)Ifyouwillwaitoverforalongtime,Mr.Smith,Iwilltellourmanageryou’vearrived.习惯、倾向，多用于第三人称。Hewillsittherehourafterhourdoingnothing.Boyswillbeboys.29坚决拒绝。Iwon’tlistentoyournonsense.Thedogwouldn’tstopbarking.表临时的决定“Youforgottopostmyletter.”“Sorry,Iwillpostit.30Usedtodo/woulddo1)Sheisn’twhatsheusedtobe.(表对比)2)WewouldsitintheyardeverySundayandlistentohisstory.(表过去习惯性动作)31May/Might表不确定的可能性.1)(NMET00)“AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?“I’mnotsure.Imightgototheconcertinstead.2)Petermaycomewithus,butheisn’tverysureyet.32用于祈使句,表示祝愿.Mayyoureturnsafeandsound.Mayyoubehappy!may/mightaswelldo……不妨,不如Nowthatyou’vegotsofarwiththework,youmightfinishitaswell.33dareandneed情态动词实义动词肯定式Hedarestoescape.Heneedstoescape.否定式Hedaren’tescape.Heneedn’tescape.Hedoesn’tdare(to)escape.Hedoesn’tneedtoescape.疑问式Dareheescape?Needheescape?Doeshedare(to)escape?Doesheneedtoescape?