新概念二Lesson2Breakfastorlunch?早餐还是午餐?•原文•ItwasSunday.InevergetupearlyonSundays.Isometimesstayinbeduntillunchtime.LastSundayIgotupverylate.Ilookedoutofthewindow.Itwasdarkoutside.'Whataday!'Ithought.'It'srainingagain.'Justthen,thetelephonerang.ItwasmyauntLucy.'I'vejustarrivedbytrain,'shesaid.'I'mcomingtoseeyou.''ButI'mstillhavingbreakfast,'Isaid.'Whatareyoudoing?'sheasked.'I'mhavingbreakfast,'Irepeated.'Dearme,'shesaid.'Doyoualwaysgetupsolate?It'soneo'clock!'•Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语•untilprep.直到outsideadv.外面ringv.(铃、电话等)响auntn.姑,姨,婶,舅母repeatv.重复Newwordsandexpressions☺★untilprep.直到直到...才;直到...为止后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句•1)Hisfatherdidn'tdieuntilhecameback.(肯定)•直到他回来,他爸爸才死.•2)Hisfatherwasaliveuntilhecameback.(否定)•直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的.•到他回来这一点之前,没死:notdie;活的:不加not.•把until作为时间终止线•从句的时间终点之前,这个动作做了还是没做?•做了——肯定;•没做——否定.•Till../Notuntil../Until..•till/until在表达方式和意义上的特殊性:until是till的强调形式,但是它们表达的意义是相同的,都表示直到(某时某动作停止了)。•一、介词until•作介词的until的英文解释是uptoaspecifiedtime(直到某一时刻)或uptothetimeofaspecifiedevent(直到发生某事)。但注意观察下列句子,我们还可留意到until在具体运用中的细微之处。•1)ItmaylastuntilFriday.这可能要延续到星期五。•2)Hewillbeworkinguntil5o'clock.他将一直工作到五点钟。•3)Shewasabankclerkuntilthewar,whenshetrainedasanurse.她战前是个银行职员,战时受训当了护士。•until用于肯定句中,表示句子的动作一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止,即表示动作的终点。一般可译为“直到……时(为止)”或“在……以前”。在这种用法中,句子的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词),如live,wait,last,love,like,stay,work,continue等。•二、连词until•以同样的方式分析作连词的until的用法。作连词用的until的英文释义是uptothetimewhen(直到……时为止)。•1)Heatcanbeconductedfromahotbodytoacooleroneuntilbothareatthesametemperature.热可以从一个热的物体传到一个较冷的物体,直到两者温度相同为止。•2)Continueinthisdirectionuntilyouseeasign.一直朝着这个方向走就会看见指示牌了。•3)Heranuntilhewasbreathless.他一直跑到气喘吁吁才停下。•作连词的until用于肯定句中,表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般可译为“……直到……为止”。在这种用法中,主句的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词),如live,wait,last,love,like,stay,work,continue等。•E.g.•Thestudentsmademuchnoisetilltheteachercameintotheclassroom.•直到老师走进教室学生们才停止了大声喧哗。•Theyoungcouplewereveryhappyuntiltheyusedupalltheirmoney.•那对年青夫妇直到花光了所有的钱才沮丧起来。•另外,until可以放在句首而till则不行。我们可以说:Untiltheyusedupalltheirmoney,theyoungcouplewereveryhappy.我们却不可以说:Tilltheyusedupalltheirmoney,theyoungcouplewereveryhappy.•☺小试牛刀•1.我一直睡到半夜时醒了。•Isleptuntilmidnight.•2.等着我叫你。•WaittillIcallyou.•3.他一直工作到9点。•Heworkeduntil9:00Not..until..•用在否定句中not...until=before,在…以前;直到…才;不到…(不)•1)Ihadn'trealizedshewasforeignuntilshespoke.•她不说话我还一直不知道她是个外国人。•2)Iwon'tstopshoutinguntilyouletmego.•你不放我,我就一直喊叫。•☺小试牛刀•他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。•Hedidn'tgotosleepuntil12lastnight.•直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误,他们才意识到。•Theydidn'trealizetheirfaulttillwepointeditouttothem.•直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误,他们才意识到。•Notuntilwepointedouttheirfaulttothemdidtheyrealizeit.•如果将notuntil…的结构放在句首,那么主句要写成倒装句。•1.Itis(was)notuntil+时间状语(从句)+that+主句•1)ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIrememberedit.直到昨天我才记起这事。•2)ItwasnotuntilIsawMargaretnextmorningthatIfelthappy.直到我第二天早晨见到玛格丽特才感到高兴。•2.Notuntil+时间状语(从句)+主句的倒装句•1)Notuntilshegothomedidsherealizethatshehadlosthernecklace.直到她到了家才发现她丢了项链。•2)Notuntilthefilmhadbegundidshearrive.直到电影开始她才到。•★ring(rang.rung)v.(铃、电话等)响(刺耳的)•[注]这种响是刺耳的,往往是提醒人做某事•Thetelephone(doorbell)isringing.•而风铃等响要用jingle•jingle(bell):(铃儿)响叮当•给某人打电话:ringsb.•TomorrowI'llringyou.•名词n.:打电话(名):givesb.aring•Remembertoringme/remembertogivemearing•戒指(名词)•★auntn.姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)•与此相同,男性则是uncle:叔叔•他们的孩子:cousin:堂兄妹(不分男女)•cousin的孩子:nephew:外甥niece:外甥女•★outsideadv.外面•作状语•Heiswaitingformeoutside.•Itiscoldoutside.•★repeatv.重复•及物动词vt.1.重复;重做;重说[+wh-]Theteacheraskedhimtorepeatwhathehadsaid.老师要他重复他所讲的话。•2.复述,背诵Marycouldrepeatmanypoemsfrommemory.玛丽能背诵许多诗歌。•3.照着说;照着写Pleaserepeatthefollowingsentenceafterme.请跟我朗读下面这句子。•4.把(别人的话等)讲出去[(+to)][+wh-]SherepeatedwhatIhadtoldher.她把我对她说的话讲给别人听了。•5.重演;重播ThisprogramistoberepeatedontheradionextSaturdayafternoon.这档节目将于下星期六下午在电台重播。•6.重读,重修Thenaughtyboyhadtorepeatthefifthgrade.这个顽皮的男孩不得不重读五年级。•7.使再现;再经历••不及物动词vi.1.重复;重做;重说Repeatafterme,please.请跟我念。•2.(在选举中违法地)重复投票•3.(数字)重复出现•4.(食物)留有余味Garlicrepeatsonhim.他嘴里留有大蒜的余味。•名词n.[C]1.重复;重做;重说•2.重演,重播Hewishestoseemorenewprogramsinsteadofrepeatsontelevision.他多么希望看到更多新的电视节目,而不是重播的节目。Notesonthetext•ItwasSunday.InevergetupearlyonSundays.Isometimesstayinbeduntillunchtime.LastSundayIgotupverylate.•OnSundays:所有的星期天,每逢星期天•never:从来不(可以直接用在动词前面)=not(变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)•Idon'tlikeher.=Ineverlikeher.•因为是上个星期,所以时态不是一般现在时.•Ilookedoutofthewindow.Itwasdarkoutside.'Whataday!'Ithought.'It'srainingagain.'•lookoutof:朝窗外看outof是固定搭配•从...里:from,outof•dark:天很黑•Whataday?•What+a+n.——感叹句•Itisaterribleday.==Whataterribleday!•what+a/an(+a.)+n.(+主语+谓语)•Whataterribleday!•省略:1.主、谓随时可省•whatagoodgirl(sheis)!•2.省形容词•Whataday!有上下文和一定的语境,才能省略形容词.•Justthen,thetelephonerang.ItwasmyauntLucy.'I'vejustarrivedbytrain,'shesaid.'I'mcomingtoseeyou.'•'ButI'mstillhavingbreakfast,'Isaid.'Whatareyoudoing?'sheasked.'I'mhavingbreakfast,'Irepeated.•'Dearme,'shesaid.'Doyoualwaysgetupsolate?It'soneo'clock!'•justthen:就在那时•ItwasmyauntLucy.•如果不知道对方性别,可以用it取代•Whoareyou?/Whoisit?•just只会出现在“现在完成时”•bytrain•by直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词,复数)•如果加修饰词,就要换掉by用in或on•Igooutbybus.•若是两辆:Igooutin/ontwobuses.•I'mcomingtoseeyou.我将要来看你.•用come的现在进行时态becoming表示一般将来•同样的用法还有:go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,re