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M7U2Grammarandusage(Auxiliaryverbs)助动词本节课的教学目标1.了解哪些动词是助动词；2.掌握助动词的用法；3.灵活运用助动词。简单句的基本结构主+谓(vi.)主+系+表主+谓(vt.)+宾主+谓(vt.)+间宾+直宾主+谓(vt.)+宾+宾补Heleft.Sheisadoctor.Hepassedtheexam.Mysistergavemeabook.Youmadeherangry.一般简单句的基本结构主+谓(vi.)主+系+表主+谓(vt.)+宾主+谓(vt.)+间宾+直宾主+谓(vt.)+宾+宾补Heleft.Sheisadoctor.Hepassedtheexam.Mysistergavemeabook.Youmadeherangry.一般现在/过去时态的陈述语气1.Heleft.2.Sheisadoctor.3.Hepassedtheexam.4.Mysistergavemeabook.5.Youmadeherangry.Hewillleave.Issheadoctor?Hedidpasstheexam.Mysisterdidn’tgivemeanybooks.Youshouldn’tmakeherangry.他将要离开了。她是医生吗？他真的通过考试了。我姐姐没有给我书。你不应该让她生气。助动词定义Hewillleave.Issheadoctor?Hedidpassedtheexam.Mysisterdidn’tgivemeanybooks.Youshouldn’tmakeherangry.Auxiliaryverbsareusedinformingtenses(时态),moods(情感)andvoices(语态、语气)ofotherverbs.将来时态疑问语气强调语气否定语气情感助动词分类1.IamspeakinginfavouroftheInternet.2.AstudentwillfindabundantinformationontheInternet.3.Wehaveknownthetruth.4.Ishallbethereat8o’clock.amwillhaveshall时态助动词时态助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),will(would),shall(should),无意义。★WearehavinganEnglishclass.★Ihaveseenthefilm.★Hedidn’tgohomelastnight.★WewillflyforAfricanextmonth.帮助主要动词have构成现在进行时帮助主要动词see构成现在完成时帮助主要动词go构成一般过去时帮助主要动词fly构成一般将来时What’sthefunctionoftheunderlinedwords?1.Haveyoukeptthepointinyourmind?2.Areyouagoodlistener?3.IdolikeourEnglishteacher.4.DoesthefilmHappyFeetentertainyou?语气助动词语气助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),do(does,did)无意义。DoesdoAreHave语态助动词1.AspecialclinicwasopenedinBeijing.2.Manysoldierswerekilledinthebattle.3.Nobodyisallowedtobreaktherules.waswereisbe(am,is,are,was,were)无意义★HewassenttoEngland.★IwouldflytoSwedenifIwereabird.★HadIlivedinLondon,IwouldhavebeentoLondonBridge.What’sthefunctionoftheunderlinedwords?帮助主要动词send构成被动语态帮助主要动词构成虚拟语气帮助主要动词构成虚拟语气1.Theremustbearaintomorrow.2.NoonemaycometoLinda’spartybecauseshehasn’tsentinvitations.3.Youcandoitifyoudevoteyourselftoit.4.Theexpertsuggestedthattheyouthshoulddomoreexercisetokeepfit.mustmaycanshould情态助动词情态助动词也称情态动词，辅助动词来体现情感态度，有must,may,can,should等，与前几类助动词不同，每个情态助动词有自己的不同意义及用途，可自成一体，是高考语法的一大重点。★Wehave/needtogohomenow.★Studentsmuststudyhard.What’sthefunctionoftheunderlinedmodals?表示必要性表示职责★Itcanbeveryhotinsummerinourhometown.表示可能性1.ThepresidentistospeakonTVtonight.2.Iamgoingtoattendameetinginaweek.3.Whenitrained,hewasabouttogoout.4.It’sgettinglate.I’ve(got)togonow.5.Manycountrieswouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.6.Theyaresupposedtobeatschoolbefore8.istoamgoingtowasaboutto’ve(got)towouldratheraresupposedto助动词分类助动词词组1.have(got)to2.hadbetter3.wouldsooner/rather…than4.beto5.belikelyto6.besupposedto7.usedto8.beaboutto9.beableto助动词词组有……等。不得不最好宁愿将要，应该很有可能理应该过去常常正要去能够1.Iusedtolovecats,untilIwasattackedbyablackcatlastweek.2.Theapplicationofthistechnologyislikelytocausearevolutioninthisindustry.3.Iwouldsoonerwalktotheparkthantakethebus.It’snotsofar.4.Youhave(got)tobecarefulnexttime.5.Youarenotsupposedtoparkyourcarhere.6.JustasIwasabouttoleave,hefinallyshowedup.7.Youhadbetterhavearest.Youlookpale.助动词词组用法：(翻译下列句子)助动词分类时态助动词语气助动词语态助动词情态助动词时态助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),will(would),shall(should)。语气助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),do(does,did)。Be(am,is,are,was,were)情态助动词也称情态动词,辅助动词来体现情感态度,有must,may,can,should等助动词词组有have(got)to,hadbetter,wouldsooner/rather…than,beto,belikelyto,besupposedto,usedto,beaboutto,beableto等。助动词词组1.IwillbespeakingagainsttheInternet.2.Toomuchinformationhasnotbeenevaluated.3.Moremeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththeproblem.4.TherearetwomainpointswhichmustbeincludedwhenweanalysetheInternet.Tip1:除情态助动词之外，其他助动词可以有多个同时出现在谓语中。willbehasnotbeenshouldbemustbe助动词用法要点1.I____abouttoleavethisafternoon.2.Theconference____supposedtostartat8,butwasdelayed.3.Tom_____(do)benefitalotfromreadingatpresent.4.____(have)everyonegotanEnglishdictionarynow?5.Everythinggoeswell,_______it?amwasdoesHasTip2:除情态助动词之外,其他助动词要注意在时态,人称和数上要和主语保持一致。doesn’tTip3:常用助动词be,have和do的使用。be,have和do都有以下用法:1)be/have/do+not，构成______。a.Ihaven’tbeentoHongkongsofar.b.Itisn’tmyfault.否定2)be/have/do+主语，构成_____________。a.Haveyougotfullunderstandingofthepoint?b.Isitagoodideatogohikingonweekends?疑问或倒装c.我从未听说过这样的事情。NeverdidIhearofsuchathing.d.Notonlyhavethemedicinesavedmanypeople’slives,butalsostartrevolutioninmedicine.助动词be的用法：1)be+现在分词，构成___________。a.他们正在开会。b.英语现在越来越重要。2)be+过去分词，构成__________。a.窗户是汤姆打碎的。b.世界各地都教英语。进行时态被动语态Theyarehavingameeting.Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantnow.Thewindowis/wasbrokenbyTom.Englishistaughtaroundtheworld.3)be+动词不定式，构成_________：表示最近、未来的计划或安排。a.他下周要去纽约。b.我们要教新生。将来时态HeistogotoNewYorknextweek.Wearetoteachthefreshpeople.助动词have的用法:1)have+过去分词，构成__________。如：a.他已去了伦敦。b.上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。完成时态HehasgonetoLondon.Bytheendoflastmonth,theyhadfinishedhalfofthework.2)have+been+现在分词，构成_____________.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.完成进行时态3)have+been+过去分词，构成______________。中国教英语已经多年。EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.完成时被动态助动词do的用法:1)构成否定祈使句。不要这么心不在焉。说明:构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。2)放在动词原形前,表_______。a.一定来参加我的生日宴会。Docometomybirthdayparty.b.我确实去那儿了。强调Don'tbesoabsent-minded.Ididgothere.3)用作代动词，例如：—DoyoulikeBeiji