-1-Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容:Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?二.教学目标:1.学会谈论交通工具和距离。2.学会合理安排行程,并合理利用交通工具。3.学习设计实践调查报告中的问题,并提出解决问题的简单方案。三.重点词汇及短语:◆subwayn.地铁,地下火车◆trainn.火车◆minuten.分钟◆kilometern.公里,千米◆quickadj.快的,迅速的◆halfn.一半,二分之一◆pastprep.在时间上超过,在......之后,经过◆stopn.车站◆transportationn.运送,运输◆northn.北部,北方adj.北部的,北方的◆dependv.依靠,依赖◆mustaux.v.必须,一定要◆bicyclen.自行车◆illadj.生病的,不健康得◆worryv.担心,担忧,焦虑◆growup长大,成长◆takesb.sometimetodosth.花费某人某些时间去做某事◆incommon共有,相同◆leavefor离开去某地◆travelabroad去国外旅游◆godownto延续至;走下去…◆mostof大多数的◆someof一些◆takethesubway乘坐地铁◆howfar多远◆busstation汽车站◆busride乘汽车之行◆schoolbus校车◆comeback回来◆takethetrain乘坐火车◆takethebus乘坐公共汽车◆gettoschool到校◆byboat乘坐小船◆walktoschool步行去上学◆from...to...从......到......◆halfpastsix六点半◆dependon依靠,依赖◆bedifferentfrom和......不同◆haveto不得不2四.重点句型:1.Howdoyougettoschool?Iridemybike.Howdoeshegettoschool?Hetakesthebus.2.Howlongdoesittake?Ittakesaboutfortyminutes.3.LinFei’shomeisabout10kilometersfromschool.4.Moststudentstaketrainstoschool,althoughothersalsowalkorridetheirbikes.5.Itdependsonwhereyouare.6.Don’tworry.五.语法:1.对于“how”提问,询问交通方式,及描述不同的交通方式。2.对于“howlong”提问询问时间长短,及用固定句型“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth”回答或陈述。3.对于“howfar”提问,询问距离长短,及相应回答。4.了解表让步的连词“although”意思及用法。5.阅读理解中对出现的定语从句及宾语从句的理解。6.阅读理解中理解形容词的比较级的含义。六.重点、难点讲解:1.Howdoyougettoschool?Iridemybike./Iwalktoschool.(1)“how”提问,意为“如何”、“怎样”。此处询问交通方式。表示不同交通方式可用本课出现一系列动词短语,如:rideabike,takeabus,driveacar,flyto,takethesubway,takeatrain,takeaplane,takeaboat/ship,walkto等。也可用介词短语,如:bybus/bike/car/train/plane(air)/ship,onfoot等,注:此用法在介词短语前需用动词作句子主语,如go/come/getto等,且by后表交通工具的名词前无任何限定词,如冠词the,a/an或代词my/his/this/that等。例:Hetakesthebustoschool.=Hegoes/getstoschoolbybus.Wedecidedtogothereonfeet.=Wedecidedtowalkthere.-HowwillyougotoEngland?-Byair,ormaybebytrain.I’mnotquitesure.(2)与“how”有关的提问总结如下:Howfar(询问距离)多远;Howlong(问时间或长度)多久,多长;Howmany(问数量,后跟可数名词复数形式)多少;Howmuch(问不可数名词数量,也可问价格)多少;Howoften(问频率)多久一次;Howsoon(指将来时间,时间长短)多久;Howabout…?(问同上话题,另一情景如何、怎样后跟名词、代词或动名词,等于Whatabout…?)征求对方意见…怎样?Howdoyoulike…?=Whatdoyouthinkof…?(征求对方对某事物的看法)你认为…怎样?此外“how”可以引导感叹句,如:HowdeliciousChinesedishesare!Howniceyournewscarfis!Howfastheruns!注:引导感叹句时语序为:How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!3(3)getto表“到达”,同意短语“arrivein/at”,reach.注:在副词home,here,there前不使用介词to/in/at等。到家:get(back)home,到那儿:getthere2.Ittakesabout25minutestowalkand10minutesbybus.(1)固定句型:Ittook/takes/willtakesb.sometimetodosth.表“做某事花去某人多长时间”,动词take随时态变化,it为形式主语,真正主语是句中不定式部分。“take”指“花费(时间)。”例:Ittookthebuildersabout15yearsgofinishthatbigproject.Ittakesmehalfanhourtogettomyofficefromhomeeveryday.Doinghomeworktakesusmostofoursparetimeonschooldays.(2)take指“带走”时与“bring”(带来)互为反义词。takesb.to…带某人去某处例:Theearlybustakeshimtoschool.(3)短语:takeawalk/shower/seat/resttakeone’stemperature,takemedicine3.LinFei’shomeisabout10kilometersfromschool.be+距离+(away)+from…“距离…多远”。4.Hehasaquickbreakfast,thenheleavesforschool.(1)“have”作“吃(饭)”、“喝(饮料)”意思。havebreakfast/lunch/supper注:三餐饭前无限定词。(2)leavefor+目的地,指“离开去往某处”ThescientistswillleaveforAntarctic(南极)nextWednesday.5.Thebusridetakesabout25minutes.“ride”此处的名词,意为“车程”。ride用作动词短语:rideabike/horse骑自行车(骑马),rideinabus/ship乘公共汽车(船)6.Inotherpartsoftheworld,thingsaredifferent.other:后常限可数名词复数,意为“其他的,其余的”other:(形容词)“其它的”,后跟可数名词复数others:(代词)泛指“他人(物)”theothers:(一定范围中)“其他人(物)”,相当于代词theother:用于固定短语“one…,theother…”“(两者中)一个…另一个…”another:(形容词)“另一个”“另一”,后跟可数名词单数,也可能跟复数,(代词)“另一个”7.althoughthough“虽然”,“尽管”,表让步连词,常引导让步状语从句。注,不可与but在一句话中前后同时使用。Although/Thoughheistheyoungest,heisthemosthard-workingstudentinhisclass.8.dependon/upon“依靠,依赖”,后跟名词、代词或宾语从句,不定式。例:InChina,itdependsonwhereyouare.Itdependsonhowtothinkaboutit.对于提问,不能一概回答时,可以用“Itdepends”来回答,意为“得因情况而论”。例:-DoyoulikereadingbooksorreadingontheInternet?-Itdepends.SometimesIlikereadingbooks,sometimesIpreferreadingontheInternet.49.Inplaceswherethereareriversandlakes,likeHongshanhuandKaishandao,studentsusuallygotoschoolbybeat.(1)此句中“where”引导一个定语从句,修饰表地点的名词“places”。通常“who”引导修饰人的定语从句,that或which引导指物的定语从句,whose指人物关系。例:Sheisthegirlwhoplayedguitarattheparty.HeshowedusanEnglishstorybookwhichisboughtintheUnitedStates.Kateistalkingwithherartteacherwhosepaintingisonshowinthecityhall.(2)“like”此处为介词,意为“例如,像…”。注意区分like在文中的词性。soundlike/belike/look,like短语中“like”为介词。10.Thatmustbealotmorefunthantakingabus!(1)“than”表比较连词,意为“比…”“较之于…”,前需用形容词或副词比较级。(2)主语“that”指代前文整句话。11.Don’tworry.(1)祈使句否定形式为:Don’t+动词原形。(2)worry为动词,worried为形容词,worry也可用作名词,“烦恼、担忧”。例:Don’tbelate/carelessnexttime.Don’tbenervous.Takeiteasy.12.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花费某人某些时间去做某事例如:Ittookthepeoplealotoftimetogettothemountain.人们花了很多时间才到了那座大山。Ittakesmetwentyminutestogettoschoolonfooteverymorning.每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。Itwilltakethreehourstofinishthework.完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。13.动词take还有其他词义;例如:1)得到;获得Youhavetotakeitasyoufindit.对这个你只得将就些算了。2)拿;握住;抓住Themothertookherchildbythehand.母亲拉着孩子的手。3)取走,拿走Takethisshoppinghome.把这件买的东西拿回家。Thefoodshereareallfree-takeanyyoulike.这里的食品都是免费的,你们随便吃吧。Whohastakenmychocolate?谁拿了我的巧克力?4)乘,坐,搭(车、船)Shallwegobybusortakeacab?我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租汽车去?totakeabustowork乘公共汽车上班5)吃;喝;服用;吸入Takeyourmedicine.把药服下。6)进行;作;为totakeawalk散步Ifyoudon'ttake/getmoreexerciseyou'llg