一般过去时态和现在完成时态用法比较

一般过去时态和现在完成时态用法比较初中英语复习课（一）一般过去时态和现在完成时态的概念一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作常与yesterday、yesterdayafternoon、lastyear、in1965、amomentago等表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：Hecamehereyesterday.现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的影响和结果．例如：Hehasbrokenhisbottle.(二）一般过去时态和现在完成时的区别：１）现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：Wehaven'tseenhimsincelastyear.(我们自从去年以来一直未见到他．（现在还未见到）Wedidn'tseehimlastyear.我们去年没见到他（现在不一定未见到）２）现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.自他出生以来一直居住在这儿。（since自从…以来与现在有关，说明还居住在这儿。）Liumeiwenttoseehergrandmotherlastnight.刘梅昨晚去看了他外婆。（只说明昨晚）（三）值得注意几个问题：１）动作发生在过去，一直持续到说话的时候，并且还在延续时，要用现在完成时。例如：WehavestudiedEnglishfortwoyears(我们学英语两年了）２）指过去的经历，但没有表示过去的时间状语，要用现在完成时。例如：IhavebeentoShanghaitwice.我曾去过上海两次．３）以When开头的特殊疑问句，要用一般过去时。例如：Whendidyouloseyourpen?你什么时候丢了钢笔？４）just(刚刚）与现在完成时连用，justnow(刚才）与一般过去时连用。例如：Thetrainhasjustgone.火车刚刚离开。Thetrainleftherejustnow.火车是刚才离开。５）since作介词，后面跟时间名词一起作状语时，句子要用现在完成时；since作连词，引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。6）sofar、inthelast/past……与现在完成时连用。例如：Sofar,manycountrieshavesentupsatellitesintospace.Inthelast30years,ourliveshavechangedalot.Hehasworkedinthisfactorysince1996.Ihaveknownhimsincehewasachild.四、学习现在完成时应注意的三个区别。1）延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别。2）since和for的区别。3）have/hasgoneto、have/hasbeento、have/hasbeenin的区别。A、leave—beenawayfrombuy—haveborrow—keepdie—bedeadgetup—beupputon—beoncome/getback—bebackgototown—beintownlose—bemissingcatchacold—haveacoldclose—beclosed/notopenopen—beopenfallill/asleep—beill/asleepbegin/start—beonget/receivealetterfrom—havealetterfromB、cometo—behere/therearrivein（at）/getto/reach——behere/therejointhearmy-------beinthearmy/beasoldierjointheLeague-----beintheLeague/bealeaguemember五、延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳。Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences.1、Tomhasgotupforhalfanhour.2、LiuMeihasjoinedtheLeagueforthreeyears.3、Thetrainhasreachedthestationsince10minutesago.4、Thelittlegirlhasfallenasleepforfourhours.5、Whenhaveyoucleanedtheclassroom?It’scleannow.6、Howlonghaveyoucaughtacold?7、Shehasgottenlettersfromhermothersincelastweek.火眼金睛：beenupbeeninbeenatbeenasleepdidcleanhadhad七嘴八舌1.I___________(be)busythesedays.I____________(notgo)tothecinemaforweeks.2.Howmanyunits______you_______(learn)sofar?3.Lilywithherparents________(go)toSanya.Theywillbebackinfivedays.4.Nobody__________(dive)inourclassbefore.5.Alice_________(make)severalfriendssinceshe______(come)toChina.6.________yourbrother_________(drive)ahorsebefore?7.They_______________(stay)intheparkduringthepastthreehours.havebeenhaven’tgonehavelearnthasgonehasdivedhasmadecameHasdrivenhavestayed考点再现WheredidyougoHaveyoueverbeentherebeforeWhat’stheweatherlikethereHowdidyougetthereDidyouhaveagoodjourney补全对话：A:Hello,Zhangli!Nicetomeetyou.B:Me,too!Howareyou?A:Fine,____________________?Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.B:Oh,IwenttoSydneywithmyparents.SydneyisthebiggestcityinAustralia.A:Really?_________________________________?B:No,Ihaven’t.It’sthefirsttimeformetogothere.A:That’sgreat._________________________?Isittoohot?B:No,Sydneyiscool.Becauseit’swinternow.A:_______________________________?B:Firstbyplane,thenwewenttoSydneybycar.A:__________________________________________?B:Yes,wehadagoodtime.Bytheway,Itookmanyphotos.Wouldyouliketoseethem?A:That’swonderful!Let’sgo!EXIT