Ruminative Responses Scale,pdf

DearColleague,PleasefindenclosedacopyoftheRuminativeResponsesScalewehavebeenusinginmuchofourresearchonresponsestylesfordepression.Forfullinformationonthepsychometricqualitiesofthisscale,pleaseseeTreynor,Gonzalez,andNolen-Hoeksema(2003),CognitiveTherapyandResearch,27,247-259.Toobtainscoresonthisscale,simplysumthescoresonthe22items.Iamoftenaskedaboutcut-offsfordeterminingwhetheranindividualisa“ruminator”ornot.Wehavenotestablishedanycut-offs;instead,Ibelievetheappropriateuseofthisquestionnaireisasacontinuousmeasure.Ifyouwishtoselectgroupsof“high”or“low”ruminators,Irecommendusingpercentilecut-offsfromyourownsample(e.g.,selectingpeoplewhoscoreinthetop33%ofyoursampleas“high”ruminatorsandpeoplewhoscoreinthebottom33%as“low”ruminators).TheoriginalResponseStylesQuestionnairealsoincludedDistractionandProblem-Solvingsubscales.Neitherofthesesubscaleshasprovenreliableorgoodpredictorsofdepressionchangeovertime,soIamnolongerdistributingthem.Pleasesendmecopiesofreportsofallstudiesinwhichyouuseanyofthesescales.Goodluckinyourresearch.Sincerely,SusanNolen-Hoeksema,Ph.D.YaleUniversityRuminationScalePeoplethinkanddomanydifferentthingswhentheyfeeldepressed.Pleasereadeachoftheitemsbelowandindicatewhetheryoualmostnever,sometimes,often,oralmostalwaysthinkordoeachonewhenyoufeeldown,sad,ordepressed.Pleaseindicatewhatyougenerallydo,notwhatyouthinkyoushoulddo.1almostnever2sometimes3often4almostalways1.thinkabouthowaloneyoufeel2.think“Iwon’tbeabletodomyjobifIdon’tsnapoutofthis”3.thinkaboutyourfeelingsoffatigueandachiness4.thinkabouthowharditistoconcentrate5.think“WhatamIdoingtodeservethis?”6.thinkabouthowpassiveandunmotivatedyoufeel.7.analyzerecenteventstotrytounderstandwhyyouaredepressed8.thinkabouthowyoudon’tseemtofeelanythinganymore9.think“Whycan’tIgetgoing?”10.think“WhydoIalwaysreactthisway?”11.goawaybyyourselfandthinkaboutwhyyoufeelthisway12.writedownwhatyouarethinkingaboutandanalyzeit13.thinkaboutarecentsituation,wishingithadgonebetter14.think“Iwon’tbeabletoconcentrateifIkeepfeelingthisway.”15.think“WhydoIhaveproblemsotherpeopledon’thave?”16.think“Whycan’tIhandlethingsbetter?”17.thinkabouthowsadyoufeel.18.thinkaboutallyourshortcomings,failings,faults,mistakes19.thinkabouthowyoudon’tfeeluptodoinganything20.analyzeyourpersonalitytotrytounderstandwhyyouaredepressed21.gosomeplacealonetothinkaboutyourfeelings22.thinkabouthowangryyouarewithyourself