虚拟语气在 if 条件句中的用法

IfICould《老鹰之歌》I'dratherbeasparrowthanasnail.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.I'dratherbeahammerthananail.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.Away,I'drathersailaway/likeaswanthat'shereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsound.I'dratherbeaforestthanastreet.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.I'dratherfeeltheearthbeneathmyfeet.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.Away,I'drathersailaway/likeaswanthat'shereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsound在if条件句中的用法虚拟条件句IfIcould,Isurelywould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.Thesubjunctivemood(虚拟语气)isusedtoexpressunrealconditionsorwishesthatareagainstthefact,eitheratpresentorinthepast,ortotalkaboutimaginedsituationsinthefuture.条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来过去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.过去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法虚拟语气虚拟条件句的要点1、虚拟条件句的常态句2、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句3、混合条件句(错综时间条件句)4、含蓄条件句5、虚实结合1、虚拟条件句的常态句Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.IfIhadalotofmoney,________________________________________看图说话：用虚拟语气表达IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.IfI____________busylastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegoneIfhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.wouldnothavehadhaddrivenIfit____tomorrow,we_________camping.Ifit________tomorrow,we________camping.Ifit________tomorrow,we________camping.rainedwouldn’tgoshouldrainwouldn’tgoweretorainwouldn’tgoIfIcouldsavetimeinabottle,ThefirstthingthatIwouldliketodowouldbetosaveeverydayuntileternitypassawayjusttospendthemwithyouIfIcouldmakedayslastforeverIfwordscouldmakewishescometrueIwouldsaveeverydaylikeatreasureandthenagainIwouldspendthemwithyou如果我能把时间存入一个瓶子,我要做的第一件事情是，把每一天都存下来直到永恒,再和你一起慢慢度过如果我能把时间化作永恒,如果我的愿望能一一成真我会把每天都像宝贝一样储存，再和你一起慢慢度过Oneday,afatherandhislittlesonweregoinghome.Atthisage,theboywasinterestedinallkindsofthingsandwasalwaysaskingquestions.Now,heasked,What'sthemeaningoftheword'Drunk',dad?Well,myson,hisfatherreplied,“Look,therearetwopolicemenstandingoverthere.IfIregardedthetwopolicemenasfour,Iwouldbedrunk.But,dad,theboysaid,there'sonlyONEpoliceman!Whatcanweinferfromthedialogue?A.Thefathermusthavebeendrunk.B.Thesonwasratherstupid.C.Thesonwasgoodatfindingother’smistakes.D.Thefatherwasapoliceman.√2、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去，构成倒装，多见于书面语。①省略if②把were，had或should提前构成：Ifhehadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,hewouldhavetelephonedyou.=Hadheknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,hewouldhavetelephonedyou.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitwerenotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.=Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.=IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.=Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.=Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout._______fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive________itraintomorrow,weshouldputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.might3、混合条件句(错综时间条件句)当条件从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。★如果你之前努力学习了，你现在就是一名大学生，四年后就会大学毕业了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears.★如果你采纳了她的建议，你现在就会是个百万富翁了。Ifyouhadtakenheradvice,youwouldbeamillionairenow.★假如我是你，我当时就会采纳她的建议。IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenheradvicethen.LittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwocents.WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?,Motherasked.Igaveittoapooroldwoman,heanswered.You'reagoodboy,saidthemotherproudly.Herearetwocentsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?“Ifshehadnotbeentheonewhosoldthecandy,IwouldnothavegivenhermymoneyandIwouldnotbesointerestedinher.”heanswered.Whatcanweknowfromthispassage?A.Robertpaidtheoldwomanforthecandy.B.Robertwasagoodboy.C.TheoldwomangaveRobertthecandyforfree.D.Theoldwomandidn’tsellthecandy.√Dentist:I'msorry,Madam,butIshallhavetochargeyoutwentydollarsforpullingyourboy'stooth.Women:Twentydollars!Why，Iunderstandyoutosaythatyou’llchargeonlyfourdollarsforsuchwork!Dentist:Yes,ifyoursonhadn’tyelledsoterribly,Iwouldhavefourotherpatientsnow.Whatdoesthedentistmean?A.Theboydidn’tyellbecausehewasbrave.B.Thedentistwantstoaskforhisloss.C.Hewillhavefourotherpatients.D.Hehasfourotherpatientsnow.√4、含蓄条件句虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有两种情况:①条件暗含在介词短语连词副词如without,butfor,but,or,otherwise中②条件暗含在上下文中解题时要把握语境，分析与何种事实（过去、现在和将来）相反。•Withoutair,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes._________________,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.•Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.__________________________,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.•Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.=Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;____________,hewouldhavetelephonedme.=Iftherewerenoair=Ifithadnotbeenforthestormifhehadarrived①条件暗含在介词短语连词副词中。②条件暗含在上下文中。Youmightstayh