虚拟语气在if条件句中的应用

TheSubjunctiveMoodPresentedbyWangPingpingBelieveinYourselfBelieveinyourdreams.Believethatyouareloved.Believethatyoumakeadifference.Believewecanbuildabetterworld.Believethere’slightattheendofthetunnel.Believethatyoumaybethatlightforsomeoneelse.Believethatthebestisyettobe.Believeinyourself.虚拟语气☆表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况(假设、猜测、怀疑)☆表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去相反的假设与将来相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)主语+should,would,might,could＋动词原形If+主语+had+过去分词主语＋should,would,might,could＋havedone1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形主语＋should,wouldmight,could＋动词原形☆Ifwehadtimenow,wewouldreaditagain.IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.☆Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthetest.IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberthen,Iwouldhavecalledyou.☆Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1)混合/错综型虚拟语气(2)省略if的虚拟语气(3)含蓄虚拟条件句(4)在ifitwerenot/hadnotbeenfor….句型中的虚拟语气混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为“错综条件句”Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(从句是现在，主句是过去)省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/should/had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if采用倒装语序Ifitshouldhappen,whatwouldyoudo?→Shouldithappen,whatwouldyoudo?Ifhehadrecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.→Hadherecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without,butfor,otherwise,or等Withoutyourhelp(=Ifwehadnothadyourhelp),wecouldnothavesucceeded.Butforelectricity(=Iftherewerenoelectricity,therewouldbenomodernindustry.Hefeltverytiredyesterday,or/otherwisehewouldhaveattendedtheparty.在ifitwere(hadbeen)notfor…句型中的虚拟语气虚拟语气也常用于ifitwere/(hadbeen)notfor….句型中，意为要不是由于…Ifitwerenotforpeace,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.Ifithadnotbeenforyourtimelyhelp,Iwouldhavegonebankrupt.