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•虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式.(P.9)DefinitionSubjunctiveMood(虚拟语气）虚拟语气Types条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去haddone现在将来过去式(were)would/could/should/might+havedone1.过去式(were)2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)虚拟语气1.If型[例句]1.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你)3.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)4.Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？(与将来事实可能相反)5.Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme假如他看见我,就会认识我。(与将来事实可能相反)If型虚拟语气If型特例1：混杂条件句：定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.与过去相反hadlistened•IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvise.•Ifyouhadworkedharder,youwouldbestudyingincollagenow.•Ifyou___________(listen)tome,you____________(notbe)insuchtroublenow.wouldn`tbe虚拟语气If型特例2：省略if的条件从句：用法：if从句中有were,had或should时，省略if，而把它们放在句首。3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailedintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.Wish/Asif(though)2.类似if型虚拟语气Wouldrather/IfonlyButfor+n/Without+nIt’s(high)time+thatWish/Asif/（though）+从句现在:过去时（were）过去:过去完成时(haddone)未来:would/could/might+V.(原)类似if型（1）虚拟语气[例句]1.IwishIwere30yearsyounger.2.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.3.Hewishedhehadn‘tdoneit.4.Hetreatsthelittlegirlasifshewereheowndaughter.他想要是他没这样做该多好。类似if型(1)wouldRather+that（从句）宁愿…Ifonly+要是…现在/将来:过去时过去:过去完成时现在:过去时过去:过去完成时类似if型（2）虚拟语气It’s(high)time+that过去时(were)/Should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.类似if型（3）类似if型（4）虚拟语气butfor+n(要不是),without+n,otherwise(否则)，inthatcase，一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if…）,其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。+句子would/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone现在/将来过去1.Butforyourhelp,we(make)suchrapidprogress.没有你的帮助，我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。wouldnothavemade虚拟语气类似if型2.Withoutair,there_________(be)nolivingthings.如果没有空气，就不会有生物wouldbe3.Thankstothebraveyoungman,otherwise,theboy______________(die).wouldhavedied在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句及主语从句中3.Should+V型虚拟语气句型itisnecessary/strange/…that+从句三个建议四个要求insistorder,commandadvise,suggest,proposedemand,require,request,ask其后的宾语从句及以其同根名词引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中。虚拟语气Should+v型两个命令一个坚持1.在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句中。这种用法的词有：Translation•他建议我们早点回家。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.Hemadeansuggestionthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.虚拟语气宾语从句主语从句表语从句同位语从句TIPST.orF.Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.insist/suggest各有两种意思，要用不同的语气Insist表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;Insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。Suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。Suggest表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。FTFT虚拟语气虚拟语气类似用法的词有：necessary，strange，natural，desired，apity,ashame,nowonder…Should+V型2.Itisimportant(necessary,strange,)that....•我们有必要出去散散步。•她这样做是很自然的。••重要的是我们要照顾好病人。Should+V型虚拟语气TranslationIt’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalk.It’snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.SubjectivemoodIf型Should+v型类似if型。。。。。。。。。混杂条件句(各自为准)Were,had,should提前，省略if1.一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。2.Itis（necessary，strange…）+that…1.wish/asif2.Wouldrather/ifonly3.Itis(high)timethat…4.Butfor/otherwise/without/inthatcase1.过去式2.过去完成3.could、would、might+v1.过去式2.过去完成Should（不省）+v/过去式1.Would,could,should,might+v2.would,could,should,might+havedoneinsistsuggest虚拟语气1.Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missedExercisesA2.IfIknewyouwerecoming,I___youattheairport.A.hadmetB.metC.wouldmeetD.wouldhavemetC3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlistenB4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsellA•5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgoneB虚拟语气6.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldgetC7.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.beenA8.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn’tgotanythen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelentB9.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.hadD10.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgoB11.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit＿＿＿＿.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbrokenC虚拟语气•IfIhadsleptwelllastnight•Iwouldnothavebeenlateforwork•IfIhadnotbeenlate•IwouldnothavebeenblamedbyMr.Wang•IfIhadnotbeenblamed•Iwouldbehappier•IfIwerehappier•Iwould……Pleasewriteitdownintheformofpoetrywiththetitle“If”,tryingtousethestructuresofSubjunctiveMood.