虚拟语气小结与练习

ATTENTION虚拟语气的助动词为should，would，could，might，与事实相反常用should或would.may(might)+havedone:表示对已发生的是事情的推测，相当于“可能”“大概”，但不太肯定。系动词be的过去式只有were，不分人称变化。虚拟语气中只有过去式、过去完成式的形式，不存在一般现在时、将来时等其他时态的形式。虚拟语气要点1、虚拟语气在非真实条件2、虚拟语气在从句中的运用，倒装句3、建议命令式的用法4、虚拟语气用在asif(asthough),evenif(eventhough)中5、在Itis(high)time(that)…句型中，也需用虚拟语气。从句中的动词用过去式。6、用于ifonly引导的句中。构主从成句时态虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式If+主语+weretodoIf+主语+shoulddo主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形1、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中wish引导的虚拟句IwishIrememberedtheaddress.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我现在忘了）Iwishhehadnotleft.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+thatclausedid/werehaddonewould/might/woulddowish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气Exercises:“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_______.”A.hadB.didC.haveD.willAIdidn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wentCIwishI_________youyesterday.A.seeB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretoseeCThepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI___________toit.A.hadn’tgoneB.haven’tgoneC.didn’tgoD.couldnothavegoneAHowIwishI__________that!Everybodypresentwasangrywithme.A.didn’tgoB.hadn’tdoneC.wouldn’tdoD.wasn’tdoingB-----Heisabraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_________hiscourage.A.HaveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhaveBTomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteachDWhenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__________.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbrokenCTheactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_______ayoungman.A.isB.willbeC.amD.wereDThecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker.Itlooksasifit_______rain.（真实条件句。）A.isgoingtoB.willC.wasgoingtoD.wouldAHowIwishI_________suchagoodchancebefore.A.didn’tseeB.hadn’tmissedC.metD.havegotBIwishtherain_________stop.A.willB.wouldC.mayD.canBShesingsasifshe_________aboy.A.isB.wasC.wereD.areCWefeltasifwe_________eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowingCif引导的虚拟条件句If+主+did(were),主+would/should/could/might+动词原形IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhewerefree,hewouldgowithyou.1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。3.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主+haddonesth,主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（havedone）Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamination.1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。Ifhehadbeenthere,hecouldhaveseenthefilmIfIhadmarriedher,Iwouldhavebeenunhappy.3.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是不会开心的。2.如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)Ifhecameheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.If+主+did(wereto/shoulddo),主+would/should/could/might+动词原形省略if的倒装句e.g.Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpus.如果从句中有were，should，had等词，可省略if，并把were，should，had放句首进行倒装。Ifyouhadcomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.__________beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfulparty.A.HadtheyarrivedB.WouldtheyarriveC.WeretheyarrivingD.Weretheytoarrive√条件状语的倒装练习：如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_________findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;mightAIftheparents______atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.A.arrivesB.arriveC.hadarrivedD.hasarrivedCIdidn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe__________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcomeDIfmylawyer_______herelastSunday,he_______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhavepreventedAIfhe_________he___________thatfood.Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottakenBIfthedoctorhadcomeearlier,thepoorchild__________.A.wouldn’tbelyingtherefortwohoursB.wouldn’thavelaidtherefortwohoursC.wouldn’thaveliedtherefortwohoursD.wouldn’thavelaintherefortwohoursDIfyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I__________himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmeetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeetCIftherewerenorsubjunctivemood,English_____mucheasier.A.WillbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbeD_________theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.IfheshouldpassB_______fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.ShouldyouarriveC________itraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.A.WereB.shouldC.wouldD.willB1.TheboywhowentswimmingintheNon-swimmingZonedrownedintheriver.Iftheboyhadn’tgoneswimmingintheNon-swimmingZone,hewouldn’thavedrownedintheriver.HadtheboynotgoneswimmingintheNo-swimmingZone,hewouldn’thavedrownedintheriver.2.Billywasbadlybittenbymosquitoesbecauseheforgottousethe