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解题技巧1阅读理解HowToGetTheMainIdea?如何做主旨大意题?抓主旨大意有两条思路阅读理解是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考试的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的加工能力。阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解力的正确率。因此，阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。多分析题型，多了解考点，真正做到有的放矢，提高命中率。主旨大意型事实细节型词义猜测型命题类因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下几种:推理判断型抓主旨大意任何一篇文章都是围绕某一个中心思想逐步展开的，也就是说每篇文章都有主旨要义。阅读中，抓住了主题句就抓住了文章的灵魂主旨大意题主要考查作者的写作目的，把握主旨大意对解答完型填空，七选五，语法填空也有帮助，因此，抓全文大意非常重要。要快速抓住主题大意就得采用略读法，略读就是重点看首尾段和每句的首尾段，迅速找出主题句。1：考主题1)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea/theme?2)Thetextmainlytellus___________2：选标题1)What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?2)Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled______________.3：判断目的1)Whatispurposeofauthorwritingthetext?2)Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellus?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:整样找出主题句方法1：文体判断法文体判断法即了解所读文章文体类型：议论文，科普说明文，科普实验或调研结果报道，新闻报道，记叙文，并发现其主题句常出现的位置规律。说明文议论文记叙文在开头√(较常见)√√在结尾√(较少见)√√在中间√√中心贯穿全文√(较常见)判文体，找主题句1：议论文的主题句通常在文首，有的在文尾，也可首位呼应。2：新闻报道类的主题句常在句首。3：科普实验或调研结果的报道和科普类说明文，文章主旨就是科研的结果，主题句常在文首。4：纯记叙文通常没有主题句，需作者自己领悟，从中归纳提炼，但有时在文尾会发表感慨，议论，主旨就在文尾，要注意在文首的感慨和议论5：有的议论文和科普说明文，作者先描述一种现象或讲一个故事，为表达某人观点做铺垫，然后用this/thatis等承上启下的句子来阐述文章的观点，然后展开，这时主题句在中间了。语句提醒法-----抓主旨的4个小窍法（1）有but，however，infact等语义转折的地方，其后通常是作者要表达的观点，即主题句。（2）作者表述观点后通常会有forexample来佐证，即举例前是作者的观点(3)若是问句开头的文章，答句很可能是文章的主题句（4）在每个段落中反复出现的词语，很可能是体现文章主旨的关键词，抓住了他们就抓住了文章的主旨。主旨大意题干扰项可能是文中某个具体事实或细节。干扰项可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。干扰项可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。(正确答案):据文章全面理解而归纳概括出来的；不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。阅读理解基础训练BasicTraining---主旨大意题Passage1开门见山,提出主题,随之用细节来解释,支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想.最常见的演绎法写作方式.Worldwide,atleastone-thirdofallfoodproducediswastedeveryyear.withanextratwobillionmouthstofeedby2050globalfoodwasteisanescalatingissuethatisdifficulttoignore.Wethrowawayorwaste1.3billiontonsatacostofitrillion,accordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations.(FAO)InIndustrializedNations,almosthalfofthefoodspoiled-roughly300milliontonsyearly-isstillfitforconsumption.Thisismorethanthetotalfoodproductionofsub-SaharanAfrica,andenoughtofeedtheestimated870millionpeoplecurrentlyhungryintheworldtoday………………………………..Peopleinrichregions,suchasinEuropeandNorthAmerica,consumeroughly900kgoffoodeveryyear,andpercapitawasteisaround115kgayear,comparedtosub-SaharanAfricaandSouth-eastAsia,wheretheyonlythrowawayupto11kgayear,accordingtotheFAO.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthepassage?1:theimportanceofplayingourpartintheglobalfoodcrisis.2:aworldwideincreasingseriousissue--thefoodwaste.3:themeasurethatthewholeworldistalkingaretoreducethefoodwaste.4:theglobalpeople’sawarenessinreducingthefoodwaste.练习题细节题解释Passage1通常前面介绍不同人的观点，为作者的观点做铺垫，,而后又作进一步的解释,支撑或发展.主题句在文中。Somepeoplethinkthatsuccessisonlyforthosewithtalentorthosewhogrowupintherightfamily,andothersbelievethatsuccessmostlycomesdowntoluck.I‘mnotgoingtosayluck,talent,andcircumstancesdon’tcomeintoplaybecausetheydo.Somepeoplearebornintotherightfamilywhileothersbornwithgreatintelligence,andthat’sjusttherealityofhowlifeis.However,tosucceedinlife,onefirstneedstosetagoalandthengraduallymakeitmorepractical.And,inadditiontothat,inordertogetreallygoodatsomething,oneneeedstospendingatleast10,000hoursstudyingandpracticing.Thiswillrequireevenmoretime,timethatthatmostpeoplewon’tputin.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A:havingagoalisvitaltosuccess.B:beinggoodisdifferentfrombeinggreat.C:onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpracticeD:luck,talentandfamilyhelpstoachievesuccess.练习题细节题解释Passage1注意作者的表达意图与感慨SincethemomentDarnellWynnwasdiagnosedwithovarian(卵巢的）cancer,shehasrefusedtoletthediseasekeepherfromherpassion---running.ThisweekendsheandagroupofsupportersgatheredtogetherandranthePartnerRe5Krouttoraiseawarenessofovariancancer.Sheistwo-yearsurvivor.Whenshefirstreceivedthesurgery,oneofhermainconcerswaswhenshecouldbeabletorunagain.Shewassenthometohealbeforereturningforchemotherapy(化疗）。“Icamehome,andneverthoughtaboutcancer”..........................................“thesymptomsareoftenmaskedandalotofwomendon’tknowthatiftheyhaveaclosefamilymemberwhohadbreastcancer,theftareattheriskofovariancancer,”shesaid.”ihadtwosisterswhohadbreastcancer.Everyyeariwentforpapsmears.apapsmearonlyshowsupcervicalcancer(宫颈癌），itdoesn’tshowovariancancer.Wethinkwearedoingalltherighttests.womenshouldknowiftheyhaveahistoryofbreastcancer,theyshouldhavearegularinternalultrasoundaswell,inadditiontoapapsmear.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A:ovariancancerisalwaysbeingignored.B:womenshouldraisetheirawarenessofovariancancer.C:womenshouldbetestedinSeptemberD:ovariancanceristhreateningyourlife.练习题细节题解释Passage1问句开头的文章，要注意作者的回答与阐述4.Doyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness,happiness,goodness,andself-respect?Thecollectionofhappinessactionsbroadlycategorizedas“honor”helpyoucreatethislifeofgoodfeelings.Here'sanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness.Sayastoreclerkfailstochargeusforanitem.Ifwekeepsilent,andprofitfromtheclerk'smistake,wewoulddrivehomewithasenseofsneakyexcitementlaterwemighttellourfamilyorfriendsaboutourgoodfortune.Ontheotherhand,ifwetelltheclerkabouttheunchargeditem,theclerkwouldbegratefulandthankusforourhonesty.Wewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonorthatwemightneversharewithanothersoul.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispass