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被动语态考点被动语态的考点：看起来是被动的而要用主动来表示1.read,sell,write,last,dry,tear,digest,draw等动词，在表示主语的某种特性时sellwell(畅销，好卖),breakeasily(容易断),teareasily(容易破),writewell(好写),readwell(好读),dryeasily(容易干),washwell(好洗),lastwell(耐穿)，…1)Hisbookssellwell2)Papertearseasilyinwetweather.3)Thiskindofjeanslastswell.4)Mypenwriteswell.5)Thepoembyhimreadswell.(他写的诗好读)2.prove（证明，证实）作“证实”时可以用于被动语态；作“证明”时不用于被动语态（但在阅读中我们也会见到用被动的情况）1)Histheorywasprovedlastyear.(他的理论去年得到了证实)2)Youranswerproved(tobe)right.(你的答案证明是对的)3)Youprove(tobe)anhonestman.(你证明是个诚实的人)3.want/need/require(需要)谓语动词是“需要”，后面跟动词作宾语且与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，要么用doing,要么用tobedone1)Ourclassroomneedscleaning/tobecleanedeveryday.(我们教室需要每天打扫)2)Theoldmanwantslookingafter/tobelookedafter.(这位老人需要照顾)3)Yourhairrequirescutting/tobecut.(你的头发需要理了)Poisonouswaterispouredintoriverswithouttreated.Whatpreventedhimfromtakentothehospital?Hispunishedmadetheothersfrightened.4.worth/worthy(值得的)beworthdoing(……值得做)/bewellworthdoing(……很值得做)1)Thebookisworthreading.(这本书值得读)2)TheTVplaybyhimiswellworthwatching.(他演的电视剧很值得看)beworthytobedone/beworthyofbeingdone(……值得做)1)Thebookisworthytoberead.2)Thebookisworthyofbeingread.worthwhile(值得的)1)It’sworthwhiledoing/todosth.(做某事值得)It’sworthwhilewatchingTV/towatchTV.(看电视值得)2)It’sworthone’swhiletodosth.(某人做某事值得）It’sworthyourwhiletowatchTV.(你看电视值得)我们学校值得参观。1)Ourschoolisworthvisiting.2)Ourschoolisworthavisit.3)Ourschoolisworthytobevisited.4)Ourschoolisworthyofbeingvisited.5)Ourschoolisworthyofavisit.5.betoseek(寻找),betolet(出租),betoblame(应该受到责备)1)Thecauseistoseek.(原因在寻找)2)Theroomistolet.(此房出租)3)Thegirlwastoblameyesterday.(那女孩昨天应该受到责备)6.look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),feel(摸起来)三个注意点：a.后面跟形容词作表语b.看起来时正在进行的动作而要用一般时c.看起来是被动的动作要用主动来表示1)Hervoicesoundsbeautiful.(她声音听起来美)2)Thedishtastesbitter.(这道菜尝起来苦)3)Theflowersmellssweet.(这花闻起来有芬芳味)4)Theboardfeelssmooth.(这板子摸起来光滑)5)Helookspale.(他看起来脸色苍白)7.不定式作定语的三种情况1)当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的主谓关系时用主动式Theymadesomecandlestogivelight.2)当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的动宾关系时用被动式Doyouhaveanythingtobetakenthere?3)当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的动宾关系但与句中另一名词或者代词又是主谓关系时用主动式表被动含义Pleasegivemesomebreadtoeat.Ihavemuchhomeworktodo.看看下面句子的区别：1)I’mgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobesent?2)Areyougoingtothepostofficethisafternoon.Doyouhavealettertosend?8.某些形容词作表语后面跟动词不定式,且不定式和句子主语具有逻辑上的动宾关系时用主动式表被动含义。1)Thequestioniseasytoanswer.但如果后面加上bysb.时仍用被动式。Thequestioniseasytobeansweredbyme.2)Theboxistooheavytomove.3)Mycoatistoolargetowear.但是:形容词的意思不完整时仍然用被动表被动Allinvadersaresuretobepunished.9.表示开始和结束的动词常用主动表被动（begin,start,finish,end,close,open…..）Classbeginsat6:30everydayTheshopclosesat6sharpeverySunday.10.cook,print,bind等动词的进行时态用主动表被动含义。1)Thepaperisprinting.2)Mybookisbinding.3)Themeatiscooking.11.get+done也属于被动结构getburnt(烧焦，晒黑)getlost(迷路)getdressed(穿衣服)getchanged(换衣服)getseparated(分开)getdrunk(喝醉)getengaged(订婚)getmarried(结婚)gethurt(受到伤害)getpaid(得报酬)getstuck=getcaught(陷入困境)12.under+n.表被动underconstruction(在建设中)underarrest(被捕)underdiscussion(在讨论中)undertreatment(在治疗中)underrepair(在修理)underfire(受到攻击)underattack(受到进攻）undercontrol(被控制住）.13.一些介词短语含被动含义insight（看得见）outofsight（看不见）outofcontrol(失控)onshow（在展览）onsale（在甩卖）outofrepair（失修）beyonddescription（难以描绘）beyondimagination(难以想象)beyondcontrol(难以控制)14.下列动词(短语)不能用于被动语态happen(发生)remain(剩下)disappear(消失)breakout(发生，爆发)takeplace(发生)belongto(属于)giveout(精疲力竭)comeabout(发生)…Thestoryhappenedin1949.Tenyuanremainedlastweek.(上个星期剩十元)It’struethatmybookdisappearedyesterday.AbigfirebrokeoutlastyearinChina.Greatchangeshavetakenplacehere.ThatTVsetbelongstoher.Theygaveoutafterstudyingalongtime.(学了很长时间后他们精疲力竭)Howdidthestorycomeabout?(这个故事是怎样发生的？)注意此句型：Howdoes/diditcomeaboutthat…?(……是怎么回事？)Howdoesitcomeaboutthatyoualwayssleepinclass?(你在课堂上总是睡觉是怎么回事？）Howdiditcomeaboutthathedidn’tcomeyesterday?（他昨天没有来是怎么回事？）注意：runout(被用完)没有被动语态,comeup(被提出)没有被动语态runoutof(用完)但不用于被动语态comeupwith(提出)但也不用于被动语态1)Mymoneyhasrunout.2)Ihaverunoutofmymoney.不说：Mymoneyhasbeenrunoutof.3)Thequestioncameupatthemeeting.4)Wecameupwiththequestionatthemeeting.不说：Thequestionwascomeupwithatthemeeting.