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Unit4TextSkimming1.Getthemainideas:2.Dividethetextinto3parts:Writingdowninthebookone’sreactionstothetextisthemostefficientwayofreading.￭theintroduction￭thebody￭theconclusion(para.1)(paras.2--10)(para.11)contendargue,claimmutilationdestructionpurchasebuyingpossessionownershiptransfermovefromoneplacetoanotherdog-earedhavingthecornersofthepagesturnedupordownwithusesothattheylooklikeadog’searsintactindispensablewholebecausenoparthasbeentouched/spoiltabsolutelyessentialscratchpadlooselyjoinedsheetsofpaperforwritingnotessacredtobetreatedwithgreatrespect;solemnandseriouscontend1.vi.tocompeteagainstsbinordertogainsthe.g.HolyfieldcontendedfortheWorldHeavyweightTitle.2.vt.+thattoargueorstatethatsthistruee.g.Icontendthatsmokingwilldousalotofharm.content1.n.(often“contents”)thingsthatareinsideacontainere.g.Thedrawerhadbeenemptiedofitscontents.2.n.afeelingofhappinessandsatisfactione.g.Heoftensleepstohisheart’scontentatweekends.3.adj.(notbeforenouns)happyandsatisfiede.g.Sheiscontentwithherjobatthemoment.4.vt.tomakesbfeelhappyandsatisfiede.g.Icontentmyselfwithacupofcoffee.“Icontend,quitebluntly,thatmarkingupabookisnotanactofmutilationbutoflove.”(workbookp.55)Iargueplainlythatmakingmarksinabookisnotsomethingdonetospoilitbuttoshowitsworthandvalue.★preludebeapreludeto---actionoreventthathappensbeforeanotherlargerormoreimportantoneandformsanintroductiontoite.g.Thebankruptcyofseveralsmallfirmswasthepreludetogeneraleconomiccollapse.e.g.Hisfrequentdepressionswerethepreludetoacompletementalbreakdown.“Butthisactofpurchaseisonlythepreludetopossession.”(workbookp.55)Gettingthebookbypaymentismerelyapreparatorysteponthewaytoownership.ownershipmusicianshipprofessorshipscholarshipmembershipreadershippremiership所有权乐感；音乐修养教授之职奖学金；学识成员资格读者人数总理/首相之任期“Fullownershipcomesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself.”(workbookp.55)Onlywhenyouhavefullyabsorbeditcanyousaythatyouownthebookcompletely.“Thethirdhasafewbooksormany—everyoneofthemdog-earedanddilapidated,shakenandloosenedbycontinualuse,markedandscribbledinfromfronttoback.”(workbookp.55)Thethirdkindofbookownerspossessonlyafewormanybooks,buteveryoneofthemisworn,withthecornersoftheleavesfoldedover,andhasbecomelesstightlyboundbecauseofconstantuse.Therearemarksandhastilywrittennotesineachbookfromcovertocover.nomore...than---“nomore…than”isusedtoemphasizethatsomethingisnottrue,notsuitable,etc.e.g.HeisnomorefittobetheclasspresidentthanIam!e.g.Ahomewithoutloveisnomoreahomethanabodywithoutasoundmindisaman.nomorethan1.Itisusedtosaythatsthisneededorsuitablee.g.It’snomorethanyoudeserve.2.Itisusedtosaythatsborsthislessimportantthantheyseeme.g.He’snomorethanaglorifiedaccountant.e.g.Itwasnomorethanascratch.“I’dnomorescribblealloverafirsteditionofParadiseLostthanI’dgivemybabyasetofcrayonsandanoriginalRembrandt!”(workbookp.56)IwouldnevermarkpagesofafirsteditioncopyofParadiseLost,justasIwouldnotgivemybabyasetofcoloredpencilsandapaintingbyRembrandtintheoriginal.“Ifyourrespectformagnificentbindingortypographygetsintheway,buyyourselfacheapeditionandpayyourrespectstotheauthor.”(workbookp.56)Iftheelaboratecover,styleofprintingorlayoutpreventyoufrommarkingupabook,thenyou’dbetterbuyacheapeditioninwhichyoucanshowyourrespecttothewriter(bywritingnotesinit).indispensable---someoneorsomethingthatisindispensableissoimportantorusefulthatitisimpossibletomanagewithouttheme.g.Healthisindispensabletoeveryone.e.g.Justaswaterisvitaltofish,airisindispensabletoman.e.g.Shehasbecomequiteindispensabletothecompany.“Whyismarkingupabookindispensabletoreading?”----Whyismarkingupabookessentialtoreading?require(line39)demand(line41)demandimpliesaskingfor(something)asifordering(something)onehasarightto.requiresuggestsapressing,oftenaninherentneed.e.g.Theseplantsrequiremoistsoilatalltimes.e.g.TheGovernorhasdemandedyourresignation.Inthetexttheyareinter-changeable,buttheydifferslightlyinanothersense.“Thephysicalactofwriting,withyourhand,bringswordsandsentencesmoresharplybeforeyourmindandpreservesthembetterinyourmemory.”(workbookp.56)Ifyouwritenotesinthebookyourself,thewordsandsentenceswillstandoutmoredistinctlyinyourmindandlastlongerinyourmemory.★integral(~tosth)necessaryforcompletenesse.g.Thearmsandlegsareintegralpartsofthehumanbody.e.g.Thekitchenisanintegralpartofthehouse.e.g.Hertalentsareintegraltotheteam’sgoodperformance.“Butdon’tletanybodytellyouthatareaderissupposedtobesolelyonthereceivingend.”(workbookp.56)Don’tbelievethatareaderisonlyexpectedtotakeinpassivelywhatisinthebook(i.e.,thereadershouldalsocontribute).“Understandingisatwo-wayoperation;learningdoesn’tconsistinbeinganemptyreceptacle.”(workbookp.56)Comprehensionisaprocessinvolvingbothreceptionandproduction.Ifyouremainacontainerreadyonlytoreceive,youcannotexpecttolearnverymuch.Translation•1.Youarenotlikelytograspanarticleonlogicunlessyouthinkactivelyinthecourseofreading.•2.Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreadagoodbookisbywritingbetweenthelineswhilereading.•3.Hewassoabsorbedinoneofhiscloningexperimentsthathewasn’tawareofmyenteringthelaboratoryatall.•4.Idon’tthinkhappines