语法与词汇总结1、谓语单复数EachbookandpaperisfoundinitsplaceNoteacheandstudentwashere.Eachofushasatape-recorder.Weeachhaveourmeris.2、不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数Tenthousandtonsofcoalwereproducedlastyear.3、谓语与最邻近的主语保持一致:Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.4、Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because____goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.A.neitheryounorIareB.neitheryounormeisC.neitheryounorIamD.neithermenoryouare析:两个并列主语,用I,不用me,neithernor的谓语动词采取就近原则。5、不正确的是:A.NewmachinerywereintroducedinthefactoryB.Poultryareveryexpensiveinthecity.析:machinery通常用单数,Poulry指家禽,通常用复数,正确。6、下列哪个句子包含主谓关系:A.MrSmith’spassportB.thevisitor’sarrivalC.John’straveldetailsD.Children’sstories析:ACD均为从属关系,B为主谓关系7、Hisstrongsenseofhumourwas___makeeveryoneintheroomburstoutlaughing.A.SoastoB.suchastoC.sothatD.suchthat析:suchasto表示如此。。。以至于。。。。Soasto表示以便,suchthat表示如此…以至于,后面接完整的句子因此应该选B8、凡是要重复one或one’s的地方,可以用he或者his来代替:Onehastodoone’sbest.Onewhodoesnottakecareofhishealthislikelytobeillatanytime.9、Itwasasaphysicianthathepresentedhimself,and___hewaswarmlyreceived.A.AssuchB.suchasC.asthatD.sothat析:他是以医生的身份介绍自己的,而且以此身份受到了热情的接待。Assuch表示作为这样的人物,以此身份,符合题意。Suchas,表示例如;sothat之前缺少一个主句10、You’dbetterlookatthedifficulty___.A.theotherwayB.bytheotherwayC.anotherwayD.byanotherway析:anotherway即表示inanotherway,是省略形式。11、山河湖海楼沙漠以及各种含有普通名词构成的专有名词,一般都要用定冠词。Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.Ilovethemountains,buthatethesea.12、bed,church,college,court,hospital,market,office,prison,sea,school,table等名词前,有定冠词或不定冠词,则表示处所,没有冠词,则表示功能:gotohospital去医院看病(表示功能)gotothehospital去医院(表示处所,可能是去工作或其他)13、Therisingcrimerateis___majorconcernof___society.A.the,theB.a,/C.a,theD./,the析:risingcrimerate是一种忧患,要用不定冠词a修饰,而society泛指所有社会,并非特指,故不用冠词,如果指社团,则需要用the,所以选B14、Shehastakengreatpaintoconcealheremotions,andtherebymadethem___conspicuous.A.AllthemoreB.allthemuchC.allmoreD.allmuch析:all可用作副词,修饰“the+比较级”,强调更加。故选A她煞费苦心地隐藏自己的感情,但这样反而使之更加明显。15、such的两种常用结构:nosuch…as…和notsucha…as…Landbelongstothecity;thereis___thingasprivateownershipofland.A.nosuchaB.notsuchC.notsuchaD.nosuch析:AB不符合两种结构,排除。There’snosuchthingas…为固定搭配用法,这里一定要选D,尽管C语序是对的,但不能选。16、形容词作为定义出现的顺序口诀:美小圆旧黄,中国木书房。“美”代表描述或性质,“小”代表大小长短高低,“圆”代表形状,旧代表新旧年龄,黄代表颜色,中国代表来源国籍地区,木代表物质材料质地,书代表用途功能作用,房代表中心名词。17、nothinglike与as..as..结合:you’renothinglikeascriticalasyouusedtobe.你一点也不像过去那样挑剔。Notsomuch…as…表示与其。。。不如。。。:Successliesnotsomuchinluckasinhardwork.与其说成功在于运气,不如说在于辛勤劳动。Itisnotsomuchthelanguage___theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.A.ButB.notC.asD.like18、AistoBwhatCistoD句型,数与数比较,一般用as表示相似关系:2isto4as8isto16.As2isto4,(so)8isto16.2比4等于8比16.18、Thelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully-loadedtruck,___tothetruck.A.thegreaterstressisB.greateristhestressC.thestressisgreaterD.thegreaterthestress析:the+比较级,the+比较级结构表示越…越…前后两个部分应该都使用自热语序,第二句应该为thegreaterthestressistothetruck.可以省略为thegreaterthestresstothetruck.19、Itwas___wehadhoped.A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchas析:正如我们希望的那样,是个了不起的成功bemuchofa/an…了不起,称得上的,可用于as…as…或more…than…:即asmuchofa/an…或moreofa/an…than.故C正确。20、whatdoes“hewiselyrefusedtospendhismoney”mean?A.Itwaswiseofhimtorefusetospendhismoney.B.Herefused,inawisemanner,tospendhismoney.析:wise实际上是指他明智,而不是拒绝行为明智,所以选择A。21、Theindoorswimmingpoolseemstobeagreatdealmoreluxuriousthan___.A.IsnecessaryB.beingnecessaryC.tobenecessaryD.itisnecessary析:than可以充当从句中的主语,所以选择A22、Languagebelongstoeeachmemberofthesociety,tothecleaner____totheprofessor.A.AsfarasB.thesameasC.asmuchasD.aslongas析:asmuchas表示与…一样的程度,符合。Asfaras表示远到。。至于。。。等等。Thesameas表示事物一样,不能表示程度一样。23、WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan_____EasternNebraska.A.inB.itreceivesinC.doesD.itdoesin析:选C,倒装,相当于:WNgenerallyreceiveslesssnowthanEasternNebraskareceives.24、IwishIhadtwotimeshisstrength.错!twotimes后面只能接可数名词。25、but,except等介词后接动词作宾语时,通常用不定式,如果前面有do,不定式不带to,如果前面没有do,不定式通常带to.例如:Ihadnochoicebuttoliedown.HeneverdidanythingbutwatchTV.IcoulddonothingexceptagreeIthadnoeffectexcepttomakehimangry.26、TheClarkshaven’tdecidedyetwhichhotel_____A.tostayB.tostayatC.istostay析:stay是不及物动词,必须叫上at才完整!故选择B.27、下面哪个是让步状语从句:A.Forallthatheseemstodislikeme,Istilllikehim.Forall表示尽管。28、“Thedoorwasopen”“It____open.Ihadlockeditmyselfandthekeywasinmypocket.”A.can’tbeB.mustn’tC.can’thavebeenD.mustn’thavebeen析:wasopen,是一般过去时,对过去的否定,用过去完成时,选C29、Iamsurprised___thiscityisadullplacetolivein.A.thatyoushouldthinkB.bywhatyouarethinkingC.thatyouwouldthinkD.withwhatyouwerethinking析:besurprisedthat,排除BD,should可以表示惊讶,竟然,而would没有,所以选A30、Aren’tyoutired?I____youhaddoneenoughfortoday.A.shouldhavethoughtB.musthavethoughtC.mighthavethoughtD.couldhavethough析:shouldhavedone表示本该做某事而没有做。选A31、Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpresseswillingness?A.bynowshewillbeeatingdinner.B.mybrotherwillhelpyouwiththeluggage.析:A中willbedoing表示安排即将发生的事情,并非意愿。所以选B32、Loudspeakerswerefixedinthehallsothateveryone___anopportunitytohearthespeech.A.oughttohaveB.musthaveC.mayhaveD.shouldhave析:sothat引导目的状语从句,后面接主语+will,would,can,could,正式场合中,接主语+may,might,shall,should.所以本题选择D33、Sincetheweatherisfine,we___walkforawhile.A