研究生学术英语写作教程key Unit 2 Initiating a Research

Unit2InitiatingaResearchKey(onlyforreference)：1.3.1StepsKeywordsStep1Selectingatopic:interest,narrowdownabroadtopicStep2Formulatingathesisstatement:answertoresearchquestions;specificStep3Writingatitle:concise;focus,purposeandmeaning;phraseStep4Outlining:coherence;suitableforthepurpose1.3.2TopicThemeLimittheTopic1.AregraduatestudentsofSoutheastUniversitysatisfiedwiththeircampuslife?Students'satisfaction.Population;environment2.JobprospectofgraduatesofMasterofScienceofSEU.Jobprospectpopulation3.ThemaritalstatusofgraduatestudentsofSEU.Themaritalstatuspopulation4.Arescholarshipandallowanceenoughforthegraduates?Incomeandexpenditurepopulation5.Anxietyamongthegraduates.PsychologicalconditionPopulationandatheory6.HowmanyEnglishwordsshouldgraduatesacquire?Wordlearningpopulation7.IspersonalsuccessofSEUteachingstaffcorrelatedwithbilingualism?Correlationbetweenpersonalsuccessandbilingualism.population2.1.11.Doctorsshouldberequiredtocompletecommunicationskillcourses.2.ClearforeshadowingofeventstotranspireshouldbenoticedinHamlet.3.Thismethodwaschosenbecauseofitssimplicity.4.Accordingtotheliteraturereviewed,thereareseveralreasonswhyplantsaredispersedbyants.5.Thereistheconsensusthatantnestsarenutrientenrichedsitesandthereforeitmaybeadvantageousforseedstogerminatefromwithinantnests.6.TheresultsofthisstudyconcurredwithBerg's(1975)hypothesisthatseedsareprotectedfromfirethroughtheirburialinants’nests.2.1.2Thepresentstudyistoinvestigatetheimpactoftwosimpleactionsaimedatgettingmorefemaleemployeestousethestairsatafivefloorworksite.Thefirststepwasthatahealthsignwasputupthatlinkedstairusetohealthandfitness.AndthesecondstepwasthattheworksitedoctorsentoutanE-mailandpointedoutthepositiveeffectsongeneralfitness.Thestudywasfollowedupinfourstates:abaselineweek,theweekafterthesign,theweekaftertheE-mailandthen3weeksafterthat.Resultsshowedthatstairusewentupdramaticallyinaweekafterthesign,fromabaselineof69%to77%,andthenupagainto89%aftertheE-mail.Unfortunately,4weeksaftertheE-mailwassentout,stairusedeclinedto67%.Thesesimpleactionsweresupposedtoleadtomorestairuse,butthepositiveeffectvanishedafteramonth.Soitisreallydifficulttomakeanyrecommendationsbasedontheevidence.2.2.1Verb/adj.NominalizationDiscoverdiscoveryImpairimpairmentAllowallowanceRefuserefusalStudyresearchProposeproposalIndicateindicationRemoveremovalAssumeassumptionIntendintensionLiableliabilityNegligentnegligenceExtensiveextensionLegallegalityCarelesscarelessnessProficientproficiency2.2.21.ThecharityworkraisedmoneyfortheLeukemiaFoundation.2.Thepolicewerebecomingconcernedaboutrapidincreaseofcrimes.Ortherapidincreaseincrimewascausingconcernamongthepolice.3.Germany'sinvasionofPolandin1939wastheimmediatecauseoftheoutbreakoftheSecondWorldWar.4.Weneedtoknowwhichpartsofourlibraryareinmostextensiveusesothatwecanprojectwhatresourcesaremostinneed.5.BothmyEnglishproficiencyandmythree-yearworkingexperienceinafactoryinShanghaiqualifymetobeanidealcandidateforthejob.2.2.3TheinequityinthedistributionofwealthinAustraliaisyetanotherindicatorofAustralia'slackofegalitarianism.In1985,20%oftheAustralianpopulationowned72.2%ofthewealthwiththetop50%owning92.1%(Raskall,1988:287).Suchasignificantskewinthedistributionofwealthindicatesthat,atleastintermsofeconomics,thereisanestablishedclasssysteminAustralia.McGregor(1988)arguesthatAustraliansocietycanbecategorisedintothreelevels:theUpper;MiddleandWorkingclasses.Inaddition,ithasbeenshownthatmostAustralianscontinuetoremainintheclassintowhichtheywereborn(McGregor,1988:156)despiteargumentsabouttheeaseofsocialmobilityinAustraliansociety(Fitzpatrick,1994).Theissueofclassanditsinherentinequity,however,isfurthercompoundedbyfactorssuchasraceandgenderwithinandacrosstheseclassdivisions.Therelativedisadvantageofwomenwithregardtotheirearningsandlevelsofassetownershipindicatesthatwithinclassesthereisfurthereconomicinequitybasedongender.3.1-4.4Open-ended.