2010华南理工英语考博样题

华南理工大学2006年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语题型1．英语知识运用：一段文章，共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。2．阅读A：5篇短文，共20小题，每题2分，共40分。3．阅读B：一篇文章，其中有5个空白，在文章后面的6~7个选段中选择最适合的内容分别填进空白处。每小题3分，共15分。4．英译汉：一篇文章，有5段划线句子，要求译成汉语。每小题3分，共15分。5．写作：依据所提示信息写一篇200－250词（标点符号不计在内）的短文，20分。华南理工大学攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语样题PartI.UseofEnglish(l0points)Directions:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankandmarkedA,BCorDontheANSWERSHEET.Unlikemanyants,treesgrowslowly.Thirtytoeightyyearsarenecessarybeforeatreegrowstotherightsizeforharvestingaslumberorpulpwood.Butatreecropcanbeagoodinvestmentforalandownerorfarmer,sincetreeswillgrowonthepartsofhislandwhereordinarycropswillnotgrow.Trees1muchmorethanprovidelumberforhomebuilding.Theyproviderawmaterialsformakingpaper,plastics,synthetics,turpentine,andotherproducts.Evenmoreimportant,treesprotectthenation’swatersupplybyholding2erosionandkeepingwaterinthesoil.Americaoncehadhugenaturalforests.Tostarttheir3,pioneersclearedmanytrees.Later,loggingcrews4bylumbercompaniesmovedintootherforests.Theycutallthevaluabletrees,andthenmovedon..Therewerefew5toprotectourforestsortoplantnewonesuntilthebeginningofthepresentcentury.Then,6withforestexperts,governmentofficials,andlandowners,thelumbercompaniesbeganplanningtosupporttheplantingofnewforests.TheAmericanTreeFarSystem,begunduringWorldWarII,isoneoftheplansthatgrew7thiscooperation.Landownerswhowishtoestablishtreefarmscangethelpfromaprofessional.state-employedforester,orfromanassociationoflumbercompanies.Theycanget8onwhatkindoftreestoplantandhowtocareforthem.Landownersmustprotecttheirtreesbykeepinggrazinganimals9andbyremovingdeadordiseasedtrees.Theymustkeepreplanting,sothatyoungtreesaregrowingatalltimestoreplacethose10forcutting.Sometreefarmsaresmallwoodlots.Otherscoverthousandsofacres.Alltogether,theyareofgreatvaluetotheUnitedStatesanditspeople.1.A.createB.devoteC.haveD.do2.A.onB.downC.backD.off3.A.productionB.farmsC.cropsD.factories4.A.controlledB.distributedC.employedD.monitored5.A.forcesB.hardshipsC.effortsD.struggles6.A.workingB.goingC.stayingD.together7.A.outofB.fromC.uponD.up8.A.courageB.adviceC.confidenceD.lesson9.A.underB.awayC.fromD.out10.A.standingB.caringC.safeD.readyPartII.ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfivetexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Passage1GrandmaMosesisamongthemostcelebratedtwentieth-centurypaintersoftheUnitedStates,yetshehadbarelystartedpaintingbeforeshewasinherlateseventies.Assheoncesaidofherself:‘Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme.’NoonecouldhavehadamoreProductiveoldage.ShewasbornAnnaMaryRobertsononafarminNewYorkState,oneoffiveboysandfivegirls(‘Wecameinbunches,likeradishes’)Attwelveshelefthomeandwasindomesticserviceuntil,attwenty-seven,shemarriedThomasNoses,thehiredhandofoneofheremployers.Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives,firstinVirginiaandtheninNewYorkState,atEagleBridge.Shehadtenchildren,ofwhomfivesurvived;herhusbanddiedinl927.GrandmaMosespaintedalittleasachildandmadeembroiderypicturesasahobby,butonlyswitchedtooilsinoldagebecauseherhandshadbecometoostifftosewandshewantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime.Herpictureswerefirstsoldatthelocaldrugstoreandatafair,andweresoonspottedbyadealerwhoboughteverythingshepainted.ThreeofthepictureswereexhibitedintheMuseumofModernArt,andin1940shehadherfirstexhibitioninNewYork.Betweenthe1930’sandherdeathsheproducedsome2,000pictures:detailedandlivelyportrayalsoftherurallifeshehadknownforsolong,withamarveloussenseofcolorandform.‘IthinkrealhardtillIthinkofsomethingrealPrettyandthenIpaintit,’shesaid.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?[A]GrandmaMoses:ABiographicalSketch[B]TheChildrenofGrandmaMoses[C]GrandmaMoses:HerBestExhibition[D]GrandmaMosesandotherArtists12.Accordingtothepassage,GrandmaMosesbegantopaintbecauseshewantedto.[A]decorateherroom[B]keepactive[C]improvehersalary[D]gainaninternationalreputation13.FromGrandmaMoses’descriptionofherselfinthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthatshewas.[A]independent[B]pretty[C]wealthy[D]timid14.GrandmaMosesspentmostofherlife.[A]nursing[B]painting[C]embroidering[D]farmingPassage2AlfredNobel,thefamousSwedishchemistwhofoundedtheNobelPrize,wasbornintoafamilyWhereresearchandexperimentationwerealmostsecondnature.HisfatherImmanuel,outofworkandpenniless,testedhistheoriesofexplosivesinalaboratorysetupintheirhouse.Unfortunately,theelderNobelremainedfrustratedinhiseffortstoapplyhisnaturalinventivespirittoestablishingaprosperousendeavor.AlfredNobelworkedalongsidehisfather,andbyl850,whenhewasl7,Alfredhadacquiredmostofhisfather’sknowledgeofandenthusiasmforchemistry.Althoughnumerousotherscientistshadbeenintriguedbynitroglycerine,Alfredwastheonewhofinallymanagedtoturnthisdangeroussubstanceintoasafeandusefulexplosive.Hesucceededindevelopingdynamitecommercially,whichlaidthefoundationformanyoftheworld’sleadingchemicalenterprises.AsidefromintroducingtheinnovativeNobelIgnitorin1864anddynamiteinl866,Alfredclaimed355patentsincludingnitrocelluloseandsubstitutesforleatherandrubber.Hedevelopedclevermethodsfortheproduc