2010原因让步状语从句

四、原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因和理由的从句。引导原因状语从句的有as,because,since,now(that),consideringthat,seeingthat,inthat等。1．becauseHecouldn’thaveseenme,becauseIwasnotthere.比较：because和for的区别。1)for是并列连词，只用于连接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。because表示原因时，可位于句首。【误】Forhedidnotobeytherules,hewaspunished.【正】Becausehedidnotobeytherules,hewaspunished.2)for表示的是推断解释，because强调动作发生的直接原因。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。（不可用because，因为地面湿不是天下雨的原因）Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging.天亮了，因为鸟在叫。（不可用because，因为鸟叫不是天亮的原因）3)在强调结构Itis/was……that和关联词not……but引导的原因状语从句中，宜用becauseHedecidedtogiveupthechanceofgoingabroad,notbecausehedidnotwanttobutbecausehiswifewasill.2.sincesince因为，既然。表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的即成事实的理由，引导的从句大多置于句首，主句的时态一般相同。Sinceyouarealhere,let'stryandreachadecision.3.asas由于。表示十分明显的理由。一般多用于句首Asshewasill,shedidn'tcometotheparty.Ashewasnotwellenough,Ihadtogowithouthim.注意：because,since,as的区别1．because语气最强，表达的是未知的新信息，一般置于主句之后，也可以放在主句之前，用逗号隔开。在回答why引导的特殊疑问句时应用because.且because不能与so连用。2．since往往表示的是已知的客观事实，或分析后的推理，引导的从句大多置于句首，主从句的时态一般相同。3．as表示的理由最弱，只是对主句的附带说明，重点在主句。as从句通常放在主句前。4．nowthatnowthat既然，因为。that可以省略。Now(that)dinnerisready,goandwashyourhands.Nowyoumentionitagain,Idoremember.5.inthatIlikethecity,butIlikethecountrybetterinthatIhavemorefriendsinthecountry.6.conideringthat,seeingthat这两个词和since,nowthat意思相近，都有鉴于事实，考虑到的意思。Seeing(that)quiteafewpeoplewereabsent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquitegoodjob.五：让步状语从句让步状语从句表示在某种相反的条件下，主句中的情况依然会出现。让步状语从句由although,though,however,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,whenever,wherever,whether（是否）,nomatter(who,wha,etc),as,evenif,eventhough等词引导。1．although,though虽然，尽管。although比though正式。1)although指事实，多用于句首。多数情况下可与though换用。2)though既指事实，又指设想。可用于句首、句中或句末。3)though从句有时可以倒装，将从句中的一部分提置句首。注意：although,though不能与but连用，但是可以与yet,still,nevertheless连用。Although/Thoughheblamesme,yetIwilltrusthim.1.Wehadtowaithalfanhour____wehadalreadybookedatable.(2007辽宁)A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before2.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,____theyknewittobevaluable.(2007浙江)A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat3.____,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.(2007重庆)A.StrangeasmightitsoundB.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.AsstrangeitmightsoundD.Strangeasitmightsound2..evenif,eventhough这两个词语气比though,although强，解释即使，两者可以通用。Wewon'tbediscouragedevenif/thoughwefailtentimes.Evenif/thoughyoufail,youwillhavegainedexperience.3.while,可引导让步状语从句，突出主句和从句的对比。WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican'tagreewithyou.Somepeoplelikefatmeat,whereasothershateit.4.nomatter(who,what,where,when,etc)这几个词引导的让步状语从句语气十分强烈。Thisisnottrue,nomatterwhosaysso.Doitnomatterwhatotherssay.Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.5.however,whatever,whenever,wherever这些词在意思上和用法上都等于nomatterhow/whatWhateverhappens/mayhappen,weshallneverlosehope.（有时从句中的动词与may连用）However(=Nomatterhow)expesiveitmaybe,I'lltakeit.Don'tletthemin,whoever(=nomatterwho)theyare.6.whether...or(not)...whether...or(not)...意思是不管……还是……。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffasplanned.提示：也可直接用or来连接两个相同结构来表示让步。Walkingorsleeping,shealwayshasthequestioninhermind.7.as连词as，同though一样，也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要用特殊语序。Youngasheis,heknowsalot.