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定语从句大石桥市第三高中范克建一.句子结构英语句子从结构上看有三种类型：1.简单句（SimpleSentence)2.并列句（CompoundSentence)3.复合句（ComplexSentence)第一步复习二、(1)简单句的五大基本句型：主语+连系动词+表语主语＋及物动词＋宾语主语＋不及物动词＋状语主语＋及物动词＋间宾＋直宾主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补Herfaceturnedredwithanger.Youcanconsidermysuggestion.Thiskindofclothsellswell.Heexplainedthesentencetous.Hefoundtheworkhalfdone.（2）并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。其结构是：简单句+等立连词+简单句（3）复合句：由一个主句或几个从句构成的句子。从句只用作句子的一个成份，不能独立。根据从句在句中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。HehasstudiedEnglishforonlyoneyear,buthecanreadandwritenow./Keeponandyouwillmakeprogress.定语从句：由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词：被定语从句修饰的词引导词：引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词引导词的作用：(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置第二步看谁找得准？1.Atravellerisapersonwho\thattravels.2.Acomputerisamachinethat\whichdoescountingmostquickly.3.Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyouarelateagain.4.Thisisthefactorywhereheusedtowork.5.Atailorisapersonwhomakesclothes.6.Iwon’tforgetthedaywhenwegraduated.7.AprilIstisthedaywhichiscalledAprilFool’sDayintheWest.（）（）（）（）（）（）（）——————————————作用例句Wevisitedthefactorywhich\thatmakestoysforchildren.Mostmanagerswho\thatarepresentatthemeetingagreedtotheplan.Thestudentwhom\that\whoyouwanttoseehascome.Theletterwhich\thatIreceivedyesterdaywasfrommyfather.Thegirlwhosemotherisateacherworksveryhard.Theroomwhosewindowswerebrokenwasmine.In1998,hereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewup.IstillrememberthedaywhenImethimforthefirsttime.Thereasonwhyhemissedthespeechwasthathedidn’tcatchthebus.关系代词和关系副词的作用作主语作宾语作定语作状语关系代词和关系副词如何区别？1.Thereason_______hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.2.Thereason____________hegaveussoundedreasonable.3.I’llneverforgettheday____________wespenttogetherinParis.4.I’llremembertheday________westayedtogetheratthattime.5.Thisisthefactory____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehouse_________Lincolnoncelived.Remember:引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。whythat\whichthat\whichwhenthat\whichwhere7.(1)Hestilllivesintheroom________windowfacestothesouth.(2)Hestilllivesintheroom_________isinthenorthofthecity.whosewhich8.(1)Iwillneverforgetthedays________westudiedtogether.(2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_________wespenttogether.whenthat9.(1)Thereason________hedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.(2)Thereason_________heexplainedisnottrue.whythat10.(1)Wewillmeetatthesameplace________wemetlastmonth.(2)Wewillmeetatthesameplace________wevisitedlastmonth.wherethat继续感悟将引导词放入定语从句中，看其充当的成分，如果充当主、宾、表，用关系代词；如果充当状语，用关系副词。根据其在从句中的搭配选择相应的介词+which。根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词,决不要因为先行词是时间名词就用when,是地点名词就用where.解题要领:选择引导词的总原则：引导词关系代词关系副词在定语从句中作主语或宾语主语或宾语宾语宾语或主语定语时间地点原因状语状语状语在从句中作宾语可省去先行词为whothatwhomwhichwhose人物/人人物某人/某物的WhenWherewhyThankyou!Goodbye!三.非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。非限制性定语从句要注意以下几点：（举例说明）1.Hismother,whomheloveddearly,wentabroad.2.Thismachine,whichhehaslookedafterformanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.3.Aqiao,whoseparentshaddied,hadtomakealivingbyherself.4.Thefamily,wholivedupstairs,arefondofmusic.说明：非限制性定语不能用that引导；作宾语用的关系代词不能省；要用逗号隔开。限制性定语从句和非限性定语从句用法与区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句“限”是先行词不可缺少的定语.如果省去，主句意思不完整或不明确；“非限”只是附加说明。AllthepeopleweretalkingaboutthewonderfulclothTheemperorhadorderedtobewovenTheysetupastateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.“限”于主句之间不能用逗号隔开；“非限”与主句之间要用逗号隔开。Sheisthenursewholooksafterthechildren.Theletterisfrommysister,whoisworkinginBeijing.“限”可以用that引导；“非限”不能用that引导ThatistheverytoolthatwearelookingforIsawagoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch“限”的关联词作宾语时可省；非限则不可Iwillneverforgettheday（that）wespenttogetherthereHisdog,whichhelikedverymuch,diedyesterday.“限”一般只修饰先行词；非限既可修饰先行词，也可是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分IhavefinishedthenovelthatyoulentmeyesterdayHesuddenlyfellill,whichpreventedhimfromgoingtoschool.难点解析：关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构：1.介词+whom\whichThewomangeneralstillrememberthedayonwhichshejoinedthearmy.2.介词短语+which\whomThefishermanlivedinasmallhouseinfrontofwhichliesawell.3.不定代词或数词+which\whomTherearemanybookshere,noneofwhichbelongstome.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,oneofwhomisLuxun.4.名词+ofwhichShementionedamagazine,thetitleofwhichIhaveforgotten.=shejoinedthearmyonthatday=andawellliesinfrontofit.=andnoneofthembelongstome.=andoneofthemisLuxin=andIhaveforgottenthetitleofit做做试试：1.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof_________hadnotbeencleanedforatleastoneyear.2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasnotasingleperson___________shecouldturnforhelp.3.Chinahasalotofislands,thelargest______________isTaiwan.4.Theoldladyhadonesonandtwodaughters,________________________treatedherwell,______madeherverysad.5.Therearefortystudentsinourclass,_____________20aregirls;therestareboys.whichtowhomofwhichnoneofwhomwhichofwhom你知道吗?As也可以用来引导定语从句.1.Heisnotsuchamanasonlythinkofhimself.2.IshouldliketousethesamepenasIusedyesterday.3.Suchproblemsasareoftenmentionedshouldbesolved.4.Iwillreadasmanybooksasarerequired.5.Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.当先行词与as,so,such,thesame连用或先行词本身是such,thesame时,关系代词用as.As在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。请讨论：as,which引导非限制性定语从句有什么不同吗？1.which的先行词可以是名词，as不可。(1)Themeeting,whichwasheldinthepark,wasagreatsuccess.(2)Allthebooks,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.2.which和as都可代替整个句子的意思，但which引导的从句不放句首。(1)Cruso’sdogbecameillanddied,whi