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人教版七年级下册祈使句祈使句Bepolitetoeachother.Wearschooluniform.Don’tbelateforschool.Don’tsayruderemarksinschool.Don’teatsnacksinclass.Don’tshoutinclass.Readtheschoolrules.Don’truninside.Don’tpush.Don’tlitter.Saveelectricity.Savewater.你知道这些规则的意思吗？节约用水。节约用电。不乱扔垃圾。不要推搡。不要在室内乱跑。Don’tfightwithyourclassmates.Tellyourclassmateswhattherulesshouldbe.Don’tlistentomusicintheclassroom.Don’tarrivelateforclass.Don’teatintheclassroom.Youmusteatinthedininghall.Don’truninthehallways.祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略第二人称主语you。肯定式以动词原形开头，否定式一般在动词原形前加don’t。一、祈使句的肯定式1.以行为动词原形开头，简称Do型。e.g.Comehere.到这儿来。2.以动词be开头，简称Be型。e.g.Bequiet,please.请安静。3.以Let开头，简称Let型。e.g.Let’sgo!咱们走吧!注意：有时可在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please，使语气显得客气、有礼貌。如果在句尾加please，应该用逗号与前句隔开。e.g.Gothisway,please.请这边走。二、祈使句的否定式1.Do型和Be型的否定式是在句首加don’t。e.g.Don’tsithere.不要坐在这儿。Don’tbelate.别迟到。2.以let开头的祈使句，其否定式有两种：一种是直接在句首加don’t，另一种是“let+宾语+not+动词原形+(其他)”。e.g.Don’tlethimgo.不要让他走。Let’snotgothere.咱们别去那儿。注意：“No+名词/动词⁃ing形式”表示禁止或规劝，常用于公共场所。e.g.Nophotos!禁止拍照！Nosmoking！禁止吸烟！将下列句子翻译成英语。1.请看这幅图画。2.不要在教室里跑。3.让我们帮助他。Pleaselookatthepicture./Lookatthepicture,please.Don’trunintheclassroom.Let’shelphim.4.在图书馆保持安静。5.上课不要迟到。Bequietinthelibrary.Don’tbelateforclass.What’stherule?DomyhomeworkfirstwhenIgethome.…What’stherule?ImustreadabookbeforeIcanwatchTV.…What’stherule?Playbasketballonlyonweekends.…onweekendsWhat’stherule?Ihavetopracticetheviolinforanhourafterdinner.…afterdinner,foranhourMollyisastudent.Shehasmanyrulestofollowatschoolandathome.Atschool,shemustkeep______andshecan’teatinclass.Athome,shehasto________at6:00a.m..Shecan’tleavethedirtydishesinthekitchen.Andshemustdoherhomeworkfirst,soshecan’t_______________afterschool.quietgetupplaybasketballShecan’t...Shedoesn’tliketherules,soshewritesalettertoDr.Knowtoaskhimforhelp.Dr.Knowtellshertherulesare________buttheyaregoodforher.Besides(此外),shecan______________likeplayingbasketballonweekendsandwatchingTVafterreading.strictdolotsofthingsDearDr.Know,____youhelpme?I’mnothappybecausetherearetoomanyrulesathome.Everymorning,I____getupatsixo’clock.Atschool,I_____wearaschooluniform,andI______keepmyhairshort.Afterschool,I____playwithmyfriendsorwatchTVbecauseI______domyhomework.I___relaxonweekendseitherbecauseI___learntoplaythepiano.Ineverhavefun,what___Ido?ZhaoPei3aCompleteZhaoPei’sletterstoDr.Knowusinghaveto/must,can/can’t.1.明确must,haveto,can,can’t的用法：must强调主观上的需要；haveto强调客观上的需要。can可以；can’t不可以。2.通读全文，理解短文大意。3.理解每句话的意思，根据语境确定用哪一个情态动词。4.寻找句子中有标志性的单词。如看到or，either等词，可知本句应是否定句。5.再读一遍短文，看有无错误。DearDr.Know,____youhelpme?I’mnothappybecausetherearetoomanyrulesathome.Everymorning,I____getupatsixo’clock.Atschool,I_______wearaschooluniform,andI______keepmyhairshort.Afterschool,I____playwithmyfriendsorwatchTVbecauseI____domyhomework.I____relaxonweekendseitherbecauseI_____learntoplaythepiano.Ineverhavefun,what___Ido?ZhaoPeihavetoCanhavetomustChecktheanswers.mustcan’tcan’tmustcan1.不要在楼道里跑。_______________________2.不要打架。_______________3.有什么规矩？__________________________4.我们必须按时上课。__________________________阅读GrammarFocus，完成下列句子。Don’tfight.Don’truninthehallways.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.5.我们可以在教室里吃东西吗？_____________________________6.不能。但我们可以在餐厅里吃东西。____________________________________________________________7.我们可以在上课的时候带帽子吗？___________________________Canwewearahatinclass?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canweeatintheclassroom?8.他在学校里必须穿校服吗？_________________________________9.是的，必须。/不，不必。_______________________________10.你们必须做什么？_______________________________11.在图书馆里我们必须保持安静。________________________________Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary.