铜冶炼废酸提取铼及分析方法的研究

合肥工业大学硕士学位论文铜冶炼废酸提取铼及分析方法的研究姓名：张永中申请学位级别：硕士专业：化学工程指导教师：杨则恒2011-04III97.10%0.30mg/L95%0.45%99%:IVExtractionandAnalysisofRheniumfromCopperSmeltingWasteAcidABSTRACTRheniumisarareandscatteredmetal,withphysicalandchemicalpropertiessimilartorefractorymetals.Itcanbeappliedforoil-refiningcatalyst,hightemperaturesuperalloyandsoon.CoppersmeltingwasteacidcontainstraceamountsofRhenium.ConventionalmethodstorecoverRheniumfromthecoppersmeltingwasteacidincludeextraction,ionexchange,chemicalprecipitationandsoon.Chemicalprecipitationmethodhasadvantagesofsimpleprocess,highRheniumsedimentationrateandenvironmentfriendlinessInthispaper,theeffectsofprecipitatingagentdosage,reactiontime,temperature,additionmethodandtheRheniumcontentinwasteacidontheprecipitationrateofRheniumwereinvestigatedandtheprecipitationconditionswereoptimized.Ontheotherhand,leachingexperimentofRheniumfromRhenium-richslagwasstudiedfromhydrogenperoxidedosage,reactiontime,temperatureandslagparticlesize.Theleachingsolutionwasneutralizedwithammoniatoprecipitatecopper.ThentheRheniumwasadsorbedthroughionexchangeandusedtoproduceReammonium.ExperimentresultsshowthataveragesedimentationrateofReis97.10%withlessthan0.30mg/LRheniumleftinthesolutionafterprecipitation;theleachingrateofRefromslagismorethan95%,withaReresidueoflessthan0.45%andReammoniumcontentismorethan99%.Intheaboveextractionexperiments,alotoftestinganalysesweremadeoncoppersmeltingwasteacid,Rhenium-richslagandReammonium,includingtheactualrecoveryofspikedsamples,theprecisionoffocusandaseriesofsupportingtestmethods,whichplayanimportantroleinguidingtheRerecoveryprocess.KeywordsCopperSmeltingWasteAcid;Rhenium-richslag;Recovery;Rhenium;AnalysisVIII1-1..................................................................42-1REMOSE.........................................113-1..............................................................153-2M...................................................183-3......................................................193-4.............................................................203-5................................................214-1..........................................................254-2............................................264-3......................................................274-4......................................................284-5.............................................................294-6PH...............................................................314-7.............................................................33IX1-1.................................72-1.........................................................................102-2....................................................112-3...........................................................122-4.............................................................................122-5..................................................................132-6.....................................................................132-7..................................................................143-1..................................................................153-2.....................................................................163-3................................................163-4M............................................173-5...........................................................183-6......................................193-7.......................................................203-8................................................213-9...........................................................234-1.........................................................................244-2...............................264-3......................................274-4......................................284-5.............................................294-6.......................................................304-7.........................................................................304-8PH..............................................314-9.....................................................................324-10.......................................................324-11................................................334-12.........................................344-13................................................344-14..................................................................354-15ICP.........................................................364-16..............................................................374-17...........................................................38II()11.11.1.17×10-7%1925W.21.02g/cm3318071.18W/m·KRe4+Re7+[1-2]75B300600Re2O7HCN1000ReS2Re2S7[1]ReO4Re2O7ReO3Re2O5ReO2Re2O3ReORe2ORe2O7ReO3ReO2Re2O7297368220600ReO3400Re2O7ReO2ReO2[1]Re2S7ReS3ReS2Re2S3ReSRe2S7ReS2ReS27.5g/cm3Re2S7500-600Re2O7Re2S7HReO4[1]2HReO4NH4ReO4HReO4HReO4HReO4SO2NH4ReO43.5-3.9g/cm3365NH4ReO4365Re2O7ReO2[2]1.1.21925200620%60%20%70%[2][3]60[4][5]3%6%3%F-16F-156%F-22F-35CMSX-4CMSX-10