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初中英语外研版九年级下Module1TravelUnit3Languageinuse1.Tosummariseandconsolidatetheuseofarticles,numbersandnouns2.TogetmoreinformationaboutConcordeObjectives语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语法规律。1.WeflewdirecttoHongKong.2.IwenttoseemygrandparentsinHenanProvince.3.Thetrainwasfullofpeople.4.Theelderlymangetsupandstartstocollecthisbags.5.WhyistheelderlymansittinginLiLin’sseat?Observethefollowingsentencescarefully.Theyareallfromthismodule.1.Totestyoursenseofobservation2.Totestyourabilityofshort-termmemory3.TotestyourabilityofinductivemethodGuess1.Weflewdirectto__________.2.Iwenttoseemy___________inHenanProvince.3.Thetrainwasfullof________.4.Theelderly_______getsupandstartstocollecthis_______.5.Whyistheelderlymansittingin____________?HongKonggrandparentsmanbagsLiLin’sseatpeoplegoReady?名词的分类专有名词：姓名，国家，语言，月份，星期，节日，大学等普通名词可数名词(有单复数之分)个体名词集体名词不可数名词（没有复数形式)物质名词：自然物质，食品、饮料等抽象名词：情感，学科，概念等（某类人或东西中的个体）（若干个个体组成的集合体）（无法分为个体的实物）名词Ⅰ.规则变化构成方法例词在词尾加-sdesk–desksfield–fieldssea-seas1.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词后加-es2.如词尾是e，只加-sclass-classesbox-boxeshorse-horses以“辅音+o”结尾的名词，加-espotato-potatoestomato–tomatoes以“元音+o”结尾的名词，加-sphoto-photoszoo–zoos词尾为-f或-fe一般变为-vesknife–kniveswoman→womenman→mentooth→teethchild→childrenox→oxengoose→geeseⅢ.单复数同形的单词Ⅱ.不规则变化fish→fishsheep→sheepdeer→deerChinese→Chinese1.一般情况下，复合名词的单复数形式在最后一个名词上体现：amandoctor→twomendoctorsawomanteacher→twowomenteachers☺由man或woman构成的复合名词，其形式如下：apencilbox→pencilboxesaschoolbag→schoolbagsagirlstudent→girlstudents注意：3.有些名词表达复数概念，常作为一个整体看待，如police,people。这些单词没有复数形式，但是其后的谓语动词总是复数形式。如：2.有些名词总是以复数形式出现，如trousers,glasses(眼镜)，它们在表示单个数量时需要借助量词来表示，如:apairoftrouser,apairofglasses.Thepolicehavecaughtthethief.警察抓到了那个贼。Manypeoplehaveseenthefilm.很多人看了这部电影。1)有生命的名词一般采用n.+’s的方式，如：men’sclothes,someone’sbag,today’snewspaper；以-s结尾的复数名词直接加’。如：theboys’schoolbagstheteachers’officethesixstudents’dormitory名词的所有格分两种情况：2)无生命的名词用of+n.的方式表达，如：thewindowofthehousetheendoftheweekthegateofourschoolthesquareofthecitythecapitalofourcountrythewallofthetownthedooroftheclassroom1.HewenttostaywithhisfamilyintheUK.2.Whyistravelsodifficultinwinter?3.WetookatourbycoachtotheSummerPalace.4.ThenwetookaboattoLantauIslandandwenttoDisneyland.5.It’sthebusiestseasoninChinabecauseoftheSpringFestival.Observethefollowingsentencescarefully.Theyareallfromthismodule.1.Totestyoursenseofobservation2.Totestyourabilityofshort-termmemory3.TotestyourabilityofinductivemethodGuess1.Hewenttostaywithhisfamilyin______UK.2.Whyistravelsodifficultin_______winter?3.Wetookatourbycoachto_______SummerPalace.4.Thenwetook______boatto______LantauIslandandwentto_______Disneyland.5.It’sthebusiestseasonin______Chinabecauseof_______SpringFestival./thea///thethegoReady?单数可数名词前一定要用冠词a/an泛指单一、每一、任一事物指类别the特指指类别上文提到过的人或事物被限制性修饰语限定的人或事物说话双方默认的人或事物世上独一无二色事物冠词复数可数名词/不可数名词前the上文提到的人或事物被限制性修饰语限定的人或事物说话双方默认的人或事物零冠词泛指的人或事物指类别冠词③指某人某物，但并不具体指哪个人或哪个物①表示某一类中的“一个”②表示“每一”Heisasoldier.Itisn’teasytorunacountrywell.Sheisanhonestwoman.Igotothecinemaonceamonth.WehavefiveEnglishlessonsaweek.Areportertellsusthefact.Lendmeastorybook.⑥在一些固定词组中④表示数量“一”，但概念没有one强烈⑤表示“同一”的意思Ihaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.Itisaninchthick.Theseshoesareallofasize.Thepeopleandarmyareofafamily.haveagoodtimeapieceofalotofafewhaveacoldhavearest1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物:ThisisthehousewhereLuxunoncelived.Theoldmanwiththickglassesistheirhistoryteacher.2)指谈话双方都知道的人或事物:Takethemedicine.3)复述上文提过的人或事物:Heboughtahouse.I’vebeentothehouse.定冠词表示特指,可以用于可数名词之前,也可用于不可数名词前。4)由普通名词构成的专有名词：theUSAtheCommunistPartytheGreatwalltheInternet5)用于独一无二的事物前:thesuntheearththemoontheworldThesunrisesintheeast.Themoonisfarsmallerthantheearth.Theearthgoesroundthesun.6)在河流、湖泊、山脉等前面：theYellowRivertheBlackSea7)表示“某某一家人或某某夫妇”:theGreenstheBrowns8)用在方位名词前:inthesouth,inthewest,inthenorth,intheeast9)定冠词用在形容词前,表示一类人或东西:therich,thepoor,theold,theyoung,theliving10)(play,like等动词后的)在乐器名词前加the:thepiano,theviolin,theflu,theguitar11)在习惯性短语中:inthemorning,intheafternoon,gotothetheatre12)在人或物后有限定性的后置定语:ThemanstandingbythegateisLiFeng.13)代替所有格代词,表示人体的一部分:Shecaughtmebythearm.John’sbrothertookhimbythehand.14)在世纪、年代名词前加the:inthe1980s或inthe1980’s20世纪80年代inthenineteenthcentury十九世纪1.在专有名词和不可数名词前:Canada,Beijing,LeiFeng,HadePark2.在名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格时:this,my,that,those,these,her3.复数名词表示一类人或事物:Horsesareusefulanimals.Theyareteachers.一般来说，不可数名词和可数名词用复数表述泛指时不用冠词。4.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。MissGaoMrGreen5.在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前。breakfast,lunch,supperplayfootball/basketball/volleyball/chess6.在物质名词、抽象名词前不用冠词,但后有定语修饰加the:Thedeskismadeofwood.Heisfondofmusic.Themusicofthefilmisverybeautiful.7.在不可数名词和专有名词（月份,星期,季节等）前不用冠词:China,ClassThree,Sunday,summerObservethefollowingsentencescarefully.Theyareallaboutnumbers.1.ThisisSeat12A,butyoushouldbeinCar9.ThisisCar8.2.…andIhadtostandforoverthreehours!3.Iwassurprisedathowbigitwas:3.6kilometreslongand348metreshigh.4.It’sover2,600kilometreslong.5.On1stMay,GreekpeoplecelebrateLabourDay.1.Totestyoursenseofobservation2.Totestyourabilityofshort-termmemory3.TotestyourabilityofinductivemethodGuess1.ThisisSeat_____,butyoushouldbeinCar_____.ThisisCar______.2.…andI